In this paper we present a study on the microscopic identification of Dingkundan.For this purpose,a total of 29 constitutive Chinese medicines in Dingkundan were all detected and the characters of every constitutive Chinese medicine for microscopic identification were briefly described.We also provide the microscopic character pictures attached.

Objective This study is to explore the infratentoriat-supracerebellar keyhole approach for microsurgical treatment of pineal region tumors and to evaluate its curative efficacy and safety.Methods According to hi-fi quality MRI images,individual operation schemes were designed.Microsurgical infratentori- al-supracerebellar keyhole approach was used to resect lesions in 7 consecutive patients with prone postition.A 2.0 cm?2.5 cm surgical bone window was performed with its superior margin reaching to the inferior margin of the transverse sinus and confluence sinus.Results Among the 7 pineal region tumors,there were 2 ger- minomas,2 pineocytomas,1 pineoblastoma,1 glioma and 1 chlesteatoma.All cases were re-examined with MRI after operation and it was found that 6 lesions were totally removed and 1 was subtotally removed.The outcome of the treatment was satisfying.There was no infection,bleeding or death after surgery.The follow-up result in the near future was good.Conclusion The infratentorial-supracerebellar keyhole approach for the excision of pineal region tumors was proved to be a satisfactory means with a total removal rate,an excellent curative effect and small surgical trauma.

Objective: To investigate the effect of Scutellaria barbata D. Don on the expression of ADAM10 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10) in primary liver cancer tissues in rats. Methods: Total of 120 Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal, model, matrine and Scutellaria barbata D. Don groups. The model of rat bearing primary liver cancer was induced by diethylnitrosamine. The rats in the matrine group and Scutellaria barbata D. Don group were fed with matrine and Scutellaria barbata D. Don powder, respectively. The rats in the normal group and model group were fed with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. The number of hepatocellular carcinoma nodules was calculated, and the tumor growth inhibition rate was also calculated. The pathologic changes of hepatic tissues in rats of each group were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The expressions of ADAM10 in liver cancer tissues in these four groups were determined by immunohistochemistry and Western boltting. Results: The number of hepatocellular carcinoma nodules of the matrine group and Scutellaria barbata D. Don group was less than that of the model group (P < 0.05) with the appearance of apoptotic bodies. The tumor growth inhibition rate of Scutellaria barbata D. Don group was higher than that of the matrine group (P < 0.05). The positive expression rate and the expression level of ADAM10 in liver cancer tissues of the model group were significantly higher than those of the normal group (P < 0.05). The positive expression rate and the expression level of ADAM10 in liver cancer tissues of matrine group and Scutellaria barbata D. Don group were lower than those of the model group (P < 0.05). The positive expression rate and the expression level of ADAM10 in liver cancer tissues of Scutellaria barbata D. Don group were lower than those of matrine group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Scutellaria barbata D. Don may inhibit the growth of primary liver cancer in rats through down-regulating the expression of ADAM10. Copyright © 2013 by TUMOR.

The physical and chemical factors affecting the allergenic potency of the house bdust mite Dermatophagoides farinae extract were determined by skin test and ELISA technique in the asthmatic patients sensitive to the mite. The results showed that the allergenic potency of the extract could be reduced by heat sterilization, trypsin trea-tment and lyophization,but not lost completely,and that the potency could be increasedby supersonic treatment and repeated freeze-thaw(but less than 10 times).It was alsoshowed that the allergenic potency of the extract preserved at -20℃ was more stablethan those preserved at 4℃ or at room temperature,and that the mite extract preservedat 4℃ more than 9 years still had allergenic potency.

Objective To explore the changes of cytokines in myasthenia gravis children and the effect of glucocorticoid on the serum levels of them.Methods Forty cases of myasthenia gravis children were the observation group which was divided to group one (pre-glucocorticoid therapy)and group two (post-glucocorticoid therapy),and 20 cases of healthy children in the same period as the normal control group.The serum levels of cytokines INF-γ,TGF-β1,IL-10 and IL-18 of the observation group one and two and the normal control group were detected by ELISA and were compared between the observation group one and the normal control group and the observation group one and two.Results The serum levels of cytokine INF-γand IL-18 were higher and IL-10 and TGF-β1 were lower in the observation group than in the normal control group,the differences were statistically significant (t =4.45 ~16.72,P <0.01 ).Significant difference of INF-γ,TGF-β1 and IL-18 was found between the observation group one and two (t =8.12 ~10.68,P <0.01)and the sera level of IL-10 had no significant difference (P >0.05).Conclusions Cytokines INF-γ,TGF-β1,IL-10 and IL-18 are involved and probably play different roles in the pathogene-sis of myasthenia gravis in children;Glucocorticoid could affect the secretion of cytokines IFN-γ,TGF-β1 and IL-18 of myasthenia gravis children,which would ultimately to achieve the aim of interfering and con-trolling the clinical symptom of myasthenia gravis in children.

There are a lot of reports about the neuroprotection of mild hypothermia in the acute phase brain injury of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. There are many mechanisms of brain damage involving in the development of brain damage in the acute phase of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Mild hypothermia can protect against various brain damages in the early stage of cerebral infarction. It may play a role in brain protection when it is used in the acute phase of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Child ; Digestive System ; metabolism ; Glutamine ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immune System ; metabolism ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; physiology

Objective To compare two methods 3D flash and diffusion-weighted images(DWI)in reconstructing the brain surface anatomy,and to evaluate their displaying ability,advantages,limitations and clinical application.Methods Thrity normal cases were prospectively examined with 3 D flash sequence and echo-planar DWI.Three-dimensional images were acquired with volume-rendering on workstation.Brain surface structures were evaluated and scored by a group of doctors.Results Main structures of brain surface were clearly displayed on three-dimensional images based on 3D flash sequence.Average scores were all above 2.50.For images based on DWI,precentral gyrus,postcentral gyrus,superior parietal lobule, superior frontal gyrus,precentral sulcus,central sulcus,postcentral sulcus,intraparietal sulcus and superior frontal sulcus were best shown with average scores between 2.60-2.75,However,supramarginal gyrus, angular gyurs,middle frontal gyrus,inferior frontal gyrus,superior temporal gyrus,lateral sulcus,inferior frontal sulcus could not be well shown,with average scores between 1.67-2.48.Middle temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus,superior temporal sulcus and inferior temporal sulcus can only get scores from 0.88 to 1.27.Scores of images based on 3D flash were much higher than that based on DWI with distinct differentiations,P values were all below 0.01.Conclusion Three-dimensional images based on 3D flash can really display brain surface structures.It is very useful for anatomic researches.Three-dimensional reconstruction of brain surface based on DWI is a worthy technique to display brain surface anatomy, especially for frontal and parietal structures.

Objective To evaluate the effect of combination transfer pump and single blood pump to 32 cases of renal failure patient who need blood purification therapy.Methods The combination transfer pump and single blood pump were used.According to the clinical requirement,the parameters of transfer pump were set such as therapy time,replacement liquid flow rate,dialysate flow rate,temperature of warmer and filtrate flow rate,etc.Results 32 patients with varying degrees of illness have been alleviated.Patients' acute left heart failure,water and electrolyte turbulences,acid intoxication and azotemia caused by liquid retention were corrected,which ensured a role for further treatment.Conclusion It is the functions of adjustable time and transfusion volume that are used in the combination transfer pump,the task of which is accomplished by several transfer pumps together.This method is easy to implement and can meet the clinical requirement largely without special CBP instrument.

Objective To investigate the effects of [Gly14]-Humanin(HNG) on SOD, MDA, GSH and cell apopto?sis in a rat model of secondary brain injury. Methods One hundred thirty-five adult and healthy male rats were random?ly divided into 3 groups: sham model group (n=45), vehicle control group (n=45) and HNG group (n=45). Secondary brain injury was induced in the vehicle control and HNG groups using improved Feeney method. Vehicle control received abdominal injections of Sodium Chloride Injection (2 ml/kg) whereas the HNG group received abdominal injections of HNG (2 μL/kg) immediately and 24 h after injury. Each group was divided into three subgroups (n=15 rats per each group) by sacrificed time including 1 h, 3 d, and 7 d after injury. The expression levels of SOD, MDA and GSH of the brain tissue were analyzed and the cell apoptosis was examined using TUNEL method after brain contusion. Results MDA and cell apoptosis around the lesion started to increased at 1h, reached a peak at 3d and then gradually subsided but still remained a higher level at 7 d than 1 h. HNG significantly attenuated brain injury-induced increase in MDA and apopto?sis at all time points (P<0.05). By contrast, SOD started to decrease at 1h, reached the lowest point at 3 d and then gradu? ally recovered but still remained a lower level at 7 d than 1 h. HNG significantly mitigated brain injury-induced increase in MDA and apoptosis at all time points (P<0.05). The time course of GSH expression followed a pattern similar to that of MDA. MDA expression was strongly positive correlated with the number of cell apoptosis (r=0.720, P<0.05), strongly neg?ative correlated with the level of SOD and GSH(r=-0.702, P<0.05;r=-0.674, P<0.05). Conclusions After brain injury, HNG inhibits oxidative stress levels and reduces apoptosis, thereby mitigating secondary brain injury.