Clinically being applied treatment against chronic hepatitis has three limitations: low response rates, severe adverse effects and a high rate of drug resistance. Hence, novel targets for antiviral therapy need to be developed so as to provide an armory of different strategies. During the replication of hepatitis B virus, the interaction of viral polymerase (P protein, also called P) and epsilonRNA is indispensable for the initiation of reverse transcription via protein priming and the pregenome RNA (pgRNA) packaging. Three strategies are currently developed for blocking P-epsilon interaction: heat shock protein inhibitors, epsilonaptamers and chemical compounds for blocking formation of P-epsilon complex. Previously, our group has for the first time worldwide in vitro screened several aptamers, which are able to interfere with the P-epsilon interaction. A strong inhibition against HBV was observed in vitro and in vivo experiments, respectively. In conclusion, the so far developed chemicals suppressing the P-epsilon interaction may bypass or overcome the viral resistance problems during clinic treatment and represent a highly attractive option for therapeutic intervention.
Animals ; Gene Expression Regulation, Viral ; Gene Products, pol ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hepatitis B ; therapy ; virology ; Hepatitis B virus ; enzymology ; genetics ; physiology ; Humans ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; metabolism ; Virus Replication

Blood-brain barrier(BBB)is mainly composed of brain microvascular endothelial cells(BMECs).According to the special cell membrane transport system and the extensive tight junctions,the brain microvascular endothelial cells play an important role in the CNS.Also,there is a close relationship between BMECs and the cerebrovascular diseases,such as cerebral ischemia,cerebral edema,and so on.Therefore,the culture of brain microvascular endothelial cells provides a new tool for studying the cerebrovascular diseases in vitro.The researches in recent years have been reviewed in this test,approaching the cultivation of the rat brain microvascular endothelial cell from the segregation,purification and culture in turns,in order to provide a foundation for the studies of the brain microvascular endothelial cell;in vitro.

Objective To investigate the stress in the periodontal tissues using three-dimansional finite element method when Richtts Arch was used.Methods Three-dimensional finite element models of the lower left central incisor and first molar were set up by means of CT.Stress distribution in root,PDL and alveolar bone,and the tendency of the tooth movement were obtained by calculation under Richtts Arch.Results The value of the force at the left lower incisor was -0.34 Newton and the value of the force at the left lower molar was 0.65 Newton.The molar model revealed that the tensile stress concentration was at the mesial root cervix and the compressive stress was at the distal root cervix.The incisor model showed that the tensile stress was concentrated at the lingual cervix and the compressive stress was concentrated at the apical tip.The arch wire exerted intruding force,lingual force and the incisor tended to lingual movement and intruding movement.The molar had the tendency of lingual movement and distal tipping movement.Conclusion The anchorage molar will incline mesially when Richtts Arch is used in treatment of deep overbite,the additional torque must be used in the anchorage molar.

Objective To observe the clinical effect oflamellar keratectomy+conjunctival flap+implanted artificial eyein stimulating the orbital and conjunctival sac growth. Methods A retrospective case study: 12 cases (12 eyes) with congenital microphthalmos in the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University in 2009-2013 were selected. In these cases, there were 11 cases of microphthalmos, and 1 patient due to congenital absence of the eye without surgery, were given direct implant of the artificial eye;7 patients without significant stenosis in conjunctival sac,received thelamellar keratectomy+conjunctival Flap+implantation of artificial eye, 4 patients with conjunctival sac stenosis recieved thelamellar keratectomy+conjunctival flap+implanted artificial eye+eyelid suture. Results For stunted children who couldn't wear a prosthetic eye, after treated withlamellar keratectomy + conjunctival flap + artificial eye implantation, the conjunctival sac developed well, cornea was covered with conjunctiva well and no exposure,the appearance and volume of orbit was also improved. ConclusionLamellar keratectomy+conjunctival flap+artificial eye implantsurgery is an effective way to promote orbital and conjunctival sac development of the children with congenital microphthalmos.

Adult ; Aged ; Amifostine ; therapeutic use ; Benzene ; poisoning ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; chemically induced ; drug therapy

AIM: To investigate whether there was nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit α 7 (nAChR α 7 ), choline acetyltransferase(ChAT), acetylcholinesterase(AChE) expression and its regulation in mature dendritic cells (DCs). METHODS: Bone marrow(BM) -derived DCs from healthy BALB/c mice were incubated with rmGM -CSF and rmIL-4, and stimulated to mature with LPS. Meanwhile, light microscope and flow cytometry were used to identify DCs, as well as immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry and RT - PCR methods were used to dectect expression of nAChR α 7, ChAT and AChE. Flow cytometry was also used to analyze nAChR α 7 expression with mecamylamine (MEC) in 12 h. RESULTS: Both protein and mRNA expression of cholinergic system nAChR α 7, ChAT and AChE were found in mature DCs. Furthermore, nAChR α 7 distributed principally in cell membrane, while ChAT and AChE in cytoplasm. Protein expression of AChE was stronger as compared with ChAT ( P ＜ 0. 05), and there was a trend toward increasing as compared with nAChR α 7. And then, the expression of nAChR α 7 was down regulated by MEC as compared with the group without MEC stimulation(P ＜ 0. 05 ). CONCLUSION: An innate cholinergic system was in mature DCs, which was affected by extrinsic factor ( i. e. , MEC). And it may be involved in anti - inflammation immune adjustion of cholinergic closed - circuit.

AIM: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of insulin and different kinds of free fatty acid (FFA) on glucose transport in cultured 3T3-L1 preadipocytes or adipocytes. METHODS: Following the exposure of preadipocytes to insulin at different concentrations and treated times, glucose transport was assessed as [3H]2-deoxy glucose uptake. Furthermore, 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and adipocytes with either the monounsaturated FFA oleate (C18:1) or the saturated FFA palmitate (C16:0)were used and glucose transport was examined as above. RESULTS: Insulin increased specific membrane glucose transport in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes at the time of 15 min to 1 h stimulation. However, after 6 h exposure to insulin, downregulation of glucose transport was observed. Dose response studies demonstrated that 2-DG transport increased by 336% at 50 nmol/L of insulin (P

Objective To investigate the correlation between the serum ghrelin levels and nutrition state in the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) ,as well as to explore the role of ghxelin in the nutri-tion metabolism. Methods Fifty-three COPD patients were observed, thirty-one of them were with malnutrition (group A), twenty-two COPD patients with normal nutrition status(group B), and twenty were healthy controls.Serum ghrelin, and nutritional parameters such as body mass index(BMI), ideal body weitht( % IBW), mid-upper arm cricumference(MAC), serum albumin(ALB), total lymphocyte counts(LYM) were determined. The correlation between ghrelin and nutritional parameters was analysed. Resuits The level of serum ghrelin in group A were sig-nificantly higher than those in group B and in healthy controls. And the serum ghrelin showed a negative correlation with BMI, % IBW, MAC, but there was no correlation between serum ghrelin level, ALB and LYM. Conclusion Ghrelin participated in the nutrition metabolism in patients with COPD, it would become much higher because of malnutrition in COPD.

Medical ethics is correlated with further development of affiliated teaching hospital.Our hospital took ‘ Bethune spirit’ and philosophy of forgiveness and kindheartedness as guidance and became the first batch of Bethune spirit model hospital of Chongqing.Teaching quality was improved by providing lectures about ‘ Bethune spirit’ for medical students and equally emphasizing medical knowledge and medical ethics education.Anti-corruption and academy governing movements with the subject of ‘ Bethune spirit’ were carried out to repel academic misdeed,with the result that clinical,teaching and scientific works were promoted and advanced.

Objective To evaluate and summarize a new way of forward intensity modulated radia- tion therapy (IMRT) plan for nasopharyngeal carcinoma with 3Dmulti-leaf collimator (MLC) planning sys- tems is practised routinely in our department.Methods From September 2000 to July 2003 and November 2005 to March 2006,78 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who were treated with eonformal radiothera- py used CT simulation for localizing,then doctors supervised the delineation of the planned tumor volume (PTV),gross tumor volume (GTV) and other sensitive organs on ACQsim workstation,and then sent the CT imagines to ELEKTA Precise Plan by DICOM RT Ethernet.Then,the physicists take over the responsibility of all directions of beam projection according to these organs and PTV shape,and completed the IMRT plan by manual correction making and the optimization of fields or segments shaped with forward 3D planning sys- tem.Results To analyse all the patient's dose distributions taking conformal radiotherapy in our hospital, we found the dose distribution and DVH data excellent,even better than the inverse planning of nasopharyn- geal carcinoma.Conclusions Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is an advanced radiotherapy technique.A very good IMRT plan of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by forward planning can be obtained with 3D multiple leaf collimator (MLC) planning system.This planning method is more flexible,but the radia- tion physicists should be very much experienced in professional skill.