Objective To observe the effect of Zhi Qing Capsule on the plaque formation of hyperlipemia rabbits and to discuss its mechanism.Methods Forty-eight New-Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into normal control group,hyperlipemia group,Xuezhikang control group and three Zhi Qing capsule groups.Before and after 2-week treatment,the serum levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) in the serum were determined.After 4-week treatment,TC and TG contents in the liver,and nitric oxide(NO),thromboxan B2(TXB2) and endothelin-1(ET-1) levels in the serum were measured.At the end of the sixth week,all rabbits were killed to observe aorta pathological changes.Results Zhi Qing Capsule can obviously counteract the increase of serum TC,LDL-C and liver TC in the hyperlipemia rabbits,restrain the formation of aorta atherosclerotic plaques,increase the level of NO and decrease the levels of TXB2 and ET-1.Conclusion Zhi Qing Capsule has an evident effect on resisting the lipid metabolism disturbance and atherosclerosis.

Open fracture characteristically has higher chances of infection and sof tissue damage in comparison with closed fracture. In spite of the development of operation methods and antibiotics, complications such as infection, nonunion, delayed union, and joint stiffness are continuously confronted as problems in the field of orthopedics. Different methods of treatment have been advocated as regards the care of the open wound and the method of stabilization of the fracture fragments. Therefore a comparative analysis of the type of open fracture and the bone union time according to the initial treatment methods was made from 47 cases over the age of 20, who were followed up until bone union developed among the inpatients who were treated for open fracture of tibia in the period of 7 years from January, 1982 to December, 1988, and the results are as follows: 1. The highest incidence of fractures was encountered in 3rd decade(34%) and male to female ratio was 6:l. 2. The most common cause of fractures was traffic accident(76.6%). 3. The most common level of fracture was in mid one-third and the bone union time was longest in mid one-third. 4. The bone union time was longer, and the rate of complication was greater in order of type 1, 2 & 3 according to Gustilo's classification. 5. The good result was obtained in type 1 fractures, by using the closed reduction & cast immobilization and pin & plaster method; in type 2, the bone union time was shortest in the cases of pin & plater method; in type 3, the bone union time was shortest in the cases of closed reduction or open, reduction & external fixation. 6. Bone union was obtained in all cases of delayed union and nonunion and the bone union time was shortest in cases treated with plate & bone graft.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Classification ; Clinical Study ; Female ; Fractures, Closed ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Inpatients ; Joints ; Male ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Tibia ; Transplants ; Wounds and Injuries

BACKGROUND:It remains controversial in term of therapeutic efficacy of self-fixating mesh and sutured mesh in inguinal hernia repair. OBJECTIVE:To compare the therapeutic effects of self-fixating mesh and sutured mesh in open inguinal hernia repair with Meta-analysis. METHODS:Comprehensive electronic search strategies were developed using the folowing electronic databases: Cochrane library, PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, Ovid, CNKI, Wanfang and FMJS. The Literature published before December 2014 was searched. Perspective randomized controled trials about comparing self-fixating mesh and sutured mesh in open inguinal hernia repair were included. A data-extraction sheet was developed based on the preset standards. The data from eligible studies were pooled through Meta-analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Nine trials with a total of 2 100 inguinal hernia patients met the inclusion criteria, including 1 033 cases of self-fixing mesh and 1 067 cases of sutured mesh. The Meta-analysis showed that no significant differences were found between the two groups in the recurrence rate, seroma, hematoma, wound infection, pain, foreign body sensations (P > 0.05), but the duration of operation was less in the self-fixing mesh group than the sutured mesh group (P < 0.05). According to limited evidence, there are some findings as folows: self-fixating mesh is equivalent to sutured mesh in the therapeutic effects on open inguinal hernia repair. Because of the limits of samples and literature quality, more large-sample and high-quality trials are required to make a definite clinical evidence to use self-fixating mesh for groin hernia repair.

Objective To establish induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in patients with azoospermia by non-integrated approach. Methods Using the commercially available serum-free medium (TeSR?2) and embryonic stem cell culture medium (Stem Adhere? Defined Matrix) to define the culture system, the iPSCs were established by using non-integrated Sendai virus infection in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of azoospermia patients. The immunofluorescence, karyotype analysis, embryoid body differentiation and teratoma formation were used to identify pluripotency, karyotype and differentiation ability of iPSCs. Results The established iPSCs showed the characteristics of human embryonic stem cells. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4), SRY-related-box protein-2 (SOX2), stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 (SSEA-4) and tumor rejection antigen-1-60 (TRA-1-60) were positive for the expression of stem cell pluripotency markers. Karyotype analysis showed that they had normal karyotype. In addition, embryoid body and teratoma tests showed that the iPSCs had the ability to differentiate into three germ layers in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion The induction of pluripotent stem cell line is successfully constructed by non-integrated approach in azoospermia patients.

BACKGROUND:Clinical physicians should pay attention on how to reduce ankle fracture healing wounds, reduce bleeding, improve operating technique, and improve repair effect, especialy for comminuted fracture. It is necessary to understand how to develop a detailed plan before repair, observe specific circumstances of the fracture from multiple angles, and establish three-dimensional images using two-dimensional X-ray films or CT scan. These raise a chalenge for each physician. OBJECTIVE:To explore the application effect of three-dimensional print, minimaly invasive percutaneous screw and locking plate fixation in the repair of ankle fractures. METHODS: A total of 26 cases of fracture of ankle joint were treated from January 2012 to June 2014. There were 9 cases of double ankle fracture, 12 cases of three ankle fractures, and 5 cases of three ankle fractures involved PILON fracture on the lower tibia. They received spiral CT scanning on the ankle joint, and stored in the format of di.com. After processing with minics software, data were converted into STL format, and then input into the three-dimensional printer. Thus, models of ankle joint were made at the ratio of 1:1. The repair scheme was made. After discharge, X-ray films were checked every month to observe the healing condition of fractures. According to Mazur ankle score standard, ankle joint function was assessed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Al 26 cases were folowed up for 6-12 months. The fractures were healed. The healing time was 4-6 months, averagely 5.5 months. The healing was good, without vascular and nerve damage, or plate breakage. In accordance with the Mazur ankle score standard, there were excelent in 11 cases, good in 13 cases with an excelent and good rate of 92%. The operation time was (64±15) minutes, and intraoperative blood loss was (100±15) mL. The incision was healed in stage one. These findings confirm that the simulation training and operation in fracture models of three-dimensional print have smal injuries to patients with ankle fracture. The bleeding was less, the operation was simple, the healing time was short, and the functional recovery was rapid, especialy for comminuted fracture.

Objective To investigate the differences in visceral fat area measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis in different sex and age groups, and explore the relationship between visceral fat area and other metabolic risk factors. Methods This study enrolled 72 in-patients in the department of cardiology in Peking University First Hospital between August, 2014 and October, 2014. The visceral fat area and the subcutaneous fat area were measured by DUALSCAN HDS-2000 in all patients. Results were compared between different sex and age groups and the relationship between visceral fat area and metabolic risk factors were analyzed. Resu1ts Male had larger visceral fat area than female [ ( 114. 04 ± 38. 27 ) cm2 vs. (92. 09 ±30. 57)cm2, P=0. 019], while female had larger subcutaneous fat areas than male [(223. 92 ± 73. 58)cm2 vs. (270. 35 ± 82. 13) cm2, P =0. 019] . Subcutaneous fat area and visceral fat area were positively correlated in both male ( r=0. 777, P﹤0. 001) and female ( r=0. 601, P=0. 002). There were no significant differences in visceral fat area among different age groups (P=0. 582). And visceral fat area had a positive correlation with body mass index (r=0. 748, P﹤0. 001), waist-hip ratio (r=0. 577, P﹤0. 001), abdominal circumference (r =0. 752, P ﹤0. 001) and HbA1c levels (r =0. 413, P =0. 001). Conc1usions There are sex differences in visceral fat area and subcutaneous fat area. The visceral fat area max be related to blood glucose levels and presence of diabetes.

STUDY DESIGN: This study is a retrospective evaluation of the high lumbar disc herniations. OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study is to observe the clinical and radiological findings and out-comes of the high lumbar disc herniations, thus providing a guideline for making diagnosis and for proper treatment modality. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: High lumbar disc herniations at the L1 -2, L2-3 and L3-4 levels represent less than 5% of all disc herniations. The location of pain was highly complected. The represented symptoms and signs such as motor, sensory and reflex changes were variable and potentially misleading in suggesting a level of the disc herniation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-one patients with high lumbar disc herniations were retrospectively evaluated. Seventeen patients were treated conservatively and fourteen patients underwent surgery. Review of results was undertaken by an independent observer using a proven outcome assessment measure. RESULTS: The incidence of high lumbar disc herniation is 4.7%(L1-2: 13%, L2-3: 29%, L3-4: 58%) with declining frequency as the level ascends. The peak age incidence is 6th decade in male and 5th decade in female. The positive rate of femoral nerve stretching test(74%) is higher than that of straight leg raising test(51%). In fourteen operative cases, the positive rate of straight leg raising test is 86%. The accuracy of MRI findings in predicting the type of herniated disc is 93%. In results of operation thirteen cases showed more than fair grade(93%). CONCLUSION: The age incidence of the high lumbar disc herniation is older than that of the lower lumbar disc herniation. The femoral nerve stretching test is more useful than straight leg raising test in making diagnosis of high lumbar disc herniations. The prognosis after treatment is comparable with high lumbar disc herniations.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Femoral Nerve ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; Leg ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Prognosis ; Reflex ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast*

No abstract available.
Gestational Sac* ; Ultrasonography*

The cysteine proteases of Paragonimus westermani metacercariae are involved in metacercarial excystment, host immune modulation, and possibly in tissue penetration. In order to clarify the origin of the enzymes, 28 and 27 kDa cysteine proteases in metacercarial excretory-secretory products were purified through the FPLC system using Mono Q column chromatography. The polyclonal antibodies to the enzymes were produced in BALB/c mice. Immunolocalization studies revealed that both cysteine proteases were distributed at the linings of excretory bladder and excretory concretions of the metacercariae. It was suggested that the excretory epithelium of P. westermani undertake the secretory function of metacercarial cysteine proteases, in addition to its role as a route for eliminating waste products.
Animals ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Computational Biology ; Cysteine Endopeptidases/analysis/isolation & purification/*physiology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Paragonimus/anatomy & histology/*enzymology ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't