A 64-year old man was admitted on July 2011 with masses both in liver and right kidney.After PET-CT and blood test examination,dual primary advanced cancers were speculated to be co-existed in this patient,which having poor prognosis.By evaluation with comprehensive geriatric assessment,the patient also had hypertension,diabetes and atherosclerosis,liver and renal insufficiency.After multidisciplinary consultation and detailed discussion with the patient,the decision of no surgery and just keep the follow-up was made.The patient has been followed up for 18 months and the functional evaluation is the same as before.It is very important to evaluate the risk/benefit equation and improve the standard of care,and make the decision as patient centered rather than disease-centered in the elderly patients.

Objective The treatment of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ( ANCA) associated vasculitis ( AVV) such as mycophenolate mofetil ( MMF ) can improve the remission rate, however, it also results in high recurrence rate and high incidence of adverse reaction related to the treatment.The article was to observe the clinical efficacy and safety of multi-target therapy ( MT ) in the treatment of AAV with renal involvement. Methods Retrospective observation was made on 7 AVV patients treated with multi-target therapy in our department from June 2009 to October 2013.The pa-tients (1 male, 6 females) aged from 21 to 54 years were accompa-nied with renal damage and serum creatinine (SCr≤3 mg/dL).All patients had positive myelopeeroxidase-ANCA (MPO-ANCA), high-grade proteinuria and hematuria.4 patients had elevated SCr (1.47-2.94 mg/dL) with EGFR<60 mL/min, 3 patients had normal SCr ( EGFR>90 mL/min in 2 patients and EGFR<90mL/min in 1 patient) .The renal histological classification included focal type (n=5) and crescentic type (n=2).All patients received MT therapy which was composed with the steroids, MMF (0.5-0.75g/d) and FK506 (1.5-3 mg/d).The remission rate, the change of renal function, proteinuria and ANCA, adverse reaction and relapse were investigated. Results The patients had received MT for 6 to 24 months ( median 12 m) and had been followed up for 9 to 53 months ( median 46 m).All patients achieved remission during MT induction treatment.The Birmingham vasculitis activity score (BVAS) decreased from 14 (6~16) to 0, without urinary sediment, and complete remission of proteinuria was found in 6 patients. Before the therapy the EGFR expression was normal in 1 patient and 64.8-87.4 mL/min in 3 patients among 4 patients (EGFR<60 mL/min) , and the EGFR expression became normal in 3 patients ( EGFR>60 mL/min) .At the end of follow-up, the EGFR expres-sion was normal in 4 patients, 60-90 mL/min in 1 patient and less than 60 mL/min in 2 patients, without end stage renal disease. ANCA level turned to normal in 3 patients and significantly decreased in 4 patients.No patients had adverse reaction, died, or re-lapsed during the follow-up. Conclusion MT is effective in the control of renal activities of AVV patients with mild or moderate re-nal function damage.It attributes to great improvement of renal function and urine protein, as well as good tolerance.However, pro-spective study is required to confirm the efficacy of this new therapy.

Objective To explore the influence of peritumoral edema (PTE) on the tendency of recurrent location and morphological character after total resection using MRI. Methods MRI data was collected from 43 patients with recur-rent brain glioma after total resection from four clinical centers and then the influence of of PTE on recurrence patterns af-ter total resection was retrospectively analyzed based on the T2 weighted image. Results The PTE had a significant influ-ence on the recurrent patterns of brain gliomas after total resection. When PTE was mild, the shapes of recurrent gliomas tended to be focal (6/8) and the recurrent locations tended to be local (5/8). When PTE was severe, the shapes of the recur- rent gliomas tended to be spread(30/35 and the recurrent locations tended to be distant (25/35), followed by marginal (7/35), In addition, the morphological patterns and locations of recurrent gliomas were significantly different among different PTE types (all P<0.001). When PTE was ring shape, the shapes of recurrent gliomas tended to be focal (7/9) and the recur-rent locations tended to be local (6/9), followed by marginal (2/9) and distant (1/9). When PTE was irregular shape, most of recurrent locations tended to be distant (25/34), followed by marginal (7/34) but rarely local (2/34). Conclusions The de-grees and the types of brain glioma PTE can significantly influence the locations and morphological patterns of recurrent gliomas after total resection.

Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the imaging features of newly diagnosed high-grade glioma and the effect of relevant factors such as postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy on progression-free sur-vival (PFS) time. Methods A total of 54 patients with recurrent high-grade glioma confirmed by pathology or progressive malignant glioma proved by clinical follow-up were included in this retrospective study from 4 clinical centers. The prog-nostic factors selected included MR image features at initial diagnosis (including the maximum diameter of tumor, peritu-moral edema, degree of enhancement, degree of necrosis and presence of cystic or satellite), postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox’s proportion-hazards model were used to analyse the factors influenc-ing the progression free survival (PFS) time. Results The univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the degree of peritumoral edema (PTE, P=0.001), degree of necrosis (P<0.001) , degree of enhancement (P<0.001), postoperative radio-therapy (P=0.008) and chemotherapy(P=0.035) were significant factors for PFS. Cox multivariate analysis also showed that the degree of PTE(P=0.019),degree of necrosis (P<0.001) were all significantly correlated with PFS. The less edema or necrosis was associated with the longer PFS. In addition, postoperative radiotherapy (P=0.035) and chemotherapy (P=0.049) were also significantly correlated with PFS. The normative chemotherapy and radiotherapy were associated with longer PFS. Conclusions The PTE and necrosis on preoperative MR images can be used to predict the PFS of glioma af-ter total resection. Adjuvant normative chemotherapy and radiotherapy should be recommend for supratentorial high-grade glioma including those even with MRI confirmed total resection.

Objective To screen potential serum HCC associated proteins with low molecular weight and low abundance for better understanding the pathological mechanism of HCC and discovering new biomarkers.Methods All serum samples were collected from 81 HBV-related HCC patients,43 chronic hepatitis B patients and 36 cirrhosis patients.Serum protein fingerprint profiles were first generated by selected WCX2 protein chip integrating with SELDI-TOF-MS,and then normalized and aligned by Ciphergen SELDI Software 3.1.1 with Biomarker Wizard.Comparative analysis of the intensity of corresponding protein fingerprint peaks in normalized protein spectra was performed.Some protein peaks with significant difference among HCC,cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis B groups were found.The reproducibility of the SELDI system was assessed before serum protein fingerprint profiles analysis.Results The intra-and inter-assay CV for intensity and m/z in this SELDI system were 17.46% and 0.024%,and 17.74% and 0.024% respectively.Total 128 protein fingerprint peaks between 2 000 to 30 000 Da were identified under the condition of signal to noise＞5 and minimum threshold for cluster＞20%.Eighty-seven proteins were found to significantly expressed between HCC and cirrhosis groups(P＜0.05).Of the above differential proteins,forty-five proteins had changes greater than two fold,including 15 up-regulated proteins and 30 downregulated proteins in HCC sera.Between HCC and chronic hepatitis B groups,nine of fifty-two differential proteins(P＜0.05) had intensities of more than two folds,including 2 up-regulated proteins and 7 downregulated proteins in HCC sera.Between cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis B groups,twenty-eight of seventynine significantly differential proteins(P＜0.05) changed greater than two folds in intensity,including 17 up-regulated proteins in cirrhosis seru and 11 down-regulated proteins in chronic hepatitis B sera.Analysis of above leading differential proteins among three diseases using subtraction difference mode,the 5 common down-regulated proteins 2 870,3 941,2 688,3 165 and 5 483 m/z in HCC sera and 2 common up-regulated proteins 3 588 and 2 017 m/z in cirrhosis and HCC sera were screened.But no statistic difference in the level of protein 2 017m/z was found between HCC group and normal group inour previous study.Conclusion Because the interference of unspecific proteins from hepatitis B and cirrhosis could be eliminated partly in HCC sera through subtraction difference analysis,these 6 common differential proteins (2 870,3 941,2 688,3 165,5 483,3 588 m/z)have obvious advantages of increased specificity for evaluating the pathological state of HCC and might become promising candidate biomarkers in the diagnosis of HCC.

Objective To evaluate the Flavivirus specific monoclonal antibody(McAb) 2A10 as detective antibody for simultaneously identify tick borne encephalitis virus( TBEV), Japanese encephalitis virus( JEV), dengue ( DEN )-2, DEN-4 and yellow fever virus ( YFV ) by antibody microarray technique.Methods The antibody microarray was developed by spotting TBEV, JEV, DEN-2, DEN-4 and YFV specific McAb on chip as capture antibodies. After incubating with cultured viral supernatants of the above viruses, CY3 labeled detective antibody 2A10 was added to the chips. After reaction, the antibody microarray was scanned and the results were analyzed. By comparing the signal intensities of different spots on chips,the detecting titre and sensitivity of 2A10 for Flavivirus were determined, and the value of 2A10 in detection of Flavivirus was evaluated. Results The hybridization results demonstrated that the titre of 2A10 for Flavi2A10 was specific for Flavivirus and could be used as universal detective antibody for Flavivirus on antibody microarray.

Objective To investigate the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression level by chondrocytes isolated from patients with osteoarthritis (OA) in hip or femoral neck fracture (FNF) and explore the effect of synovial fluid from OA or FNF on secretion of VEGF. Methods The cartilage tissues were collected from 12 patients with OA in hip and 8 patients with FNF. Cartilage was stained with HIM and Safranin O/Fast Green (S/F) method. The damage of cartilage was evaluated using Mankin scores.Cathepsin B which was selected for cell dedifferentiation monitoring marker and VEGF level was detected in the supernatant fluid. The synovial fluid from OA, FNF and DMEM were respectively added to the culture medium to explore their effects on regulating VEGF. Results Cartilage the Mankin scores of OA group were higher than that of FNF group. Chondrocytes gradually lost their original spherical appearance, with Cathepsin B upregulated while VEGF downregulated. The OA synovial fluid can stimulate chongdrocytes to secrete more VEGF than the one from patients with FNF. However, chondrocytes gradually produced less VEGF after passaging. Conclusion Mankin scores had good correlation with chondrocytes' VEGF production in the early stage of primary culture. Chondrocytes showed quick dedifferentiation characteristics in vitro. OA synovial fluid showed abig ger capability in stimulating chondrocytes to express more VEGF, which might indicate that OA synovial fluid participated in the pathological process of OA.

Objective To investigate the value of prospectively electrocardiogram (ECG)-triggered high-pitch coronary computed tomography angiography at 70 kV and 30 mL contrast medium with Stellar detector dual-source CT.Methods 60 patients with the BMI<24.9 kg/m2 were randomized into two groups:Group A (30 cases)with the tube voltage of 70 kV and 30 mL contrast medi-um.Group B (30 cases)with the tube voltage of 100 kV and 50 mL contrast medium.All the patients were performed with a Stellar detector dual-source CT using a prospectively ECG triggered high-pitch spiral technique.The images of Group A were reconstructed with SAFIRE technique,while Group B were with FBP technique.The objective image quality includes CT attenuation,SNR, CNR.And radiation dose was also calculated.The subjective was evaluated by 4-scale point.Independent sample t test was used.Re-sults There was no difference for subjective image quality between the groups,A:(3.38±0.942),B:(3.50±0.682),(t=-0.562, P >0.05).The CT attenuation of the 70 kV group were higher than that of the 100 kV group for all the segments(P <0.01).The SNR and the CNR have no statistically significant difference between the groups (P >0.05).Compared with the 100 kV group,the radiation dose of the 70 kV group was reduced by 76.5% (A:0.19±0.023 mSv,B:0.81±0.101 mSv,P <0.01).Conclusion Using 70 kV with 30 mL contrast medium in Stellar detector dual-source CT coronary angiography for the patients with a normal BMI could obtain qualified diagnostic image with low radiation dose and contrast medium.

BACKGROUND:Increasing evidence col ected from animal experiments or laboratories shows that bone mesenchymal stem cel s possess potent immunosuppression and anti-inflammation effects and cartilage regenerative capability. The microenvironment in human knee joint of osteoporosis is more complex and involves lots of bioactive factors and immunologic mechanisms. OBJECTIVE:The analyze the therapeutic effects of intra-articular injection of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s on mild-to-moderate osteoporosis, and to investigate the mechanisms for anti-inflammation, immunoregulation and reversion of cartilage degradation. METHODS:About 15 mL bone marrow was aspired from 26 patients with mild-to-moderate osteoporosis and taken to the laboratory where bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were isolated and characterized in terms of some surface markers by a flow cytometer, and the ability of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation was analyzed. The bilateral knees of each patient were divided into two groups at random. The experiment group were treated with autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s by intra-articular injection (2×107 cel s), while the control group injected the same volume of control medium without bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index was used to estimate the function of the knee joints before and after the treatment. We col ected the joint fluid before, 2 and 4 weeks post treatment, and then measured the production of interleukin-1, interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-α, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein using ELISA. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:According to the standardized culture-expansion protocol, a sufficient number of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s (more than 2×107 passage 3 cel s) were obtained for intra-articular injection. The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s isolated from patients were positive for CD105, CD29 and negative for CD45, CD34, and had the fair osteogenic and adipogenic capacities. The function of the knee joints was improved obviously after treatment. In the experimental group, the secretion of both interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-αand cartilage oligomeric matrix protein in the joint fluid was suppressed, while the interleukin-10 level was up-regulated compared to the control group. The results suggest that intra-articular injection of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s can exert good effect in mild-to-moderate osteoporosis patients. Furthermore, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s via intra-articular injection can function through anti-inflammation and reversion of degradation of the articular cartilage, which is a new promising approach for treating mild-to-moderate osteoarthritis.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Asthma ; immunology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses ; genetics ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; immunology ; virology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction