Objective To investigate the assessment of multi-detector spiral CT on the cardiac function after bioprosthetic valve replacement with mitral valve preservation.Methods Thirty-five patients suitable for undergoing bioprosthetic mitral valve replacement in our hospital from May 2012 to February 2014 were randomly divided into 2 groups:group A(experimental group,intraoperative preservation of mitral valve and subvalvular structure during,n=16) and group B (control group,without intraoperative preservation of subvalvular structure of mitral valve,n=19).MDCT before operation and on postoperative 10 d was performed for evaluating the left ventricular function.Results In the comparison of preoperative MDCT,the end diastolic velocity(EDV),end systolic velocity(ESV),ejection fraction(EF) and stroke volume(SV) had no statistical difference between the group A and B.In MDCT results on postoperative 10 d,EDV,ESV and EF in the group A were 113.42±9.22)mL,(38.63±3.40)mL and (51.63±4.71) ％,which in the group B were(113.42 ± 9.22) mL,(38.63 ± 3.40) mL and (51.63 ± 4.71) ％ respectively,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05),but SV had no statistical difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion The bioprosthetic valve replacement with mitral valve preservation is safe and feasible in technology,moreover effectively protects the postoperative left ventricular function.

Appropriate selection and measurement of lead biomarkers of exposure are critically important for health care management purposes, public health decision making, and primary prevention synthesis. Lead is one of the neurotoxicants that seems to be involved in the etiology of psychologies. Biomarkers are generally classified into three groups: biomarkers of exposure, effect, and susceptibility.The main body compartments that store lead are the blood, soft tissues, and bone; the half-life of lead in these tissues is measured in weeks for blood, months for soft tissues, and years for bone. Within the brain, lead-induced damage in the prefrontal cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum can lead to a variety of neurological disorders, such as brain damage, mental retardation, behavioral problems, nerve damage, and possibly Alzheimer's disease, Parkinsons disease, and schizophrenia. This paper presents an overview of biomarkers of lead exposure and discusses the neurotoxic effects of lead with regard to children and adults.
Alzheimer Disease ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Animals ; Behavior ; drug effects ; Biomarkers ; metabolism ; Brain ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Brain Diseases ; chemically induced ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Lead ; pharmacokinetics ; toxicity ; Lead Poisoning ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Parkinson Disease, Secondary ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Schizophrenia ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology

Objective To assess the safety and efficacy of an olive oil-based lipid emulsion for parenteral nutrition in patients after esophagectomy.Methods In the randomized controlled trial,60 patients undergoing esophagectomy were divided into study group(n=30,received olive oil-based lipid emulsion)and control group [n=30,received medium-chain triglyceride/long-chain triglyceride(MCT/LCT)emulsion].The parenteral nutrition Was provided for 7-10 postoperative days.The nutritional formulas were equivalent in nitrogen,calorie,osmotic pressure,and fluid volume.Peripheral venous blood tests were performed before operation and on the first and eighth postoperative days.All the patients were evaluated by nutritional status(weight,body mass index,nutritional risk screening,etc.),safety profiles[full blood test,electrolytes,aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine amiotransferase(ALT),total bilirubin and direct bilirubin,blood urea nitrogen(BUN),creatinine,blood glucose,etc.],and efficacy indicators(hemoglobin,albumin,total protein,etc.).Results The albumin and total protein levels returned to the normal ranges in beth groups 8 days after operation,although both levels were significantly higher in study group(P=0.000).Also,the difference of total protein levels between the eighth and first postoperative days Was significantly higher in the study group(P=0.002).In addition,the AST and BUN readings returned to normal ranges 8 days after operation in the study group, which were significantly lower than those in control group (P = 0.025, P = 0.013).No serious adverse events were reported in both groups.Other nutritional parameters, renal and hepatic safety profiels, vital signs, and hematology showed no significant difference between two groups.Conclusions Olive oil-based lipid emulsion is a safe and efficient lipid emulsion for parenteral nutrition in patients undergoing esophagectomy.Compared with MCT/LCT, it has less effect on AST and BUN.

AIM: To test the expression of erythropoietin (Epo) and its receptor EpoR in normal and neovascularized murine corneas induced by alkali burns, and to investigate whether Epo/EpoR is involved in the process of corneal angiogenesis.METHODS: The expression of Epo/EpoR was tested in normal and neovascularized murine corneas induced by alkali burns through immunohistochemistry of corneal frozen sections. Epo cloning, expression, and purification were carried out. Then Epo protein (6μL, 1μg) and control (6μ L of vector control or saline) were injected into the corneal stroma respectively, and the corneas were checked at the 14th day after injection to see whether corneal neovascuarization occurred.RESULTS: Epo/EpoR was expressed in epithelial cells, endothelial cells and stromal cells in normal and neovascularized corneas induced by alkaline burns, and also expressed strongly in neovascularized cornea. They were expressed at the same time in stromal inflammatory cells and new vessels. Corneal neovascularization was induced by Epo intrastromal injection in 5 out of 6 eyes ,but no new vessels were observed in all controls (n = 6) at day 14 after vector control or saline intrastromal injection in normal corneas.CONCLUSION: This paper first reported the expression of Epo and its receptor in normal and neovascularized cornea. Injection of Epo into the corneal stroma may induce the corneal neovascularization. Epo/EpoR is associated with the formation of corneal neovascularization.

Objective Toexploretheclinicalvalueofcombiningapplicationofthreedimensionalpseudocontinuousarterialspin labeling (3D-pCASL)andsusceptibilityweightedimaging (SWI)inpredictingtheoutcomsofcerebralischemia.Methods Thirty-two patientswithmoderatetoseverestenosisofunilateralmiddlecerebralartery(MCA)and16healthyvolunteers(asacontrolgroup) underwenttheexaminationsoftheroutineMRI,MRA,3D-pCASL (PLD:1525ms,2525ms)andSWI.Thepatientsweredividedinto twogroups:lowperfusiongroupandequal/highperfusiongroupaccordingtotherCBFof3D-pCASLwithPLD:2525ms.OnSWI, theparametersofdeepmedullaryvein(DMV)includedratioofquantity,totallengthinbilateralunitareaandsubjectivescoreofischemic side.ThedifferencesofthevaluesofDMV parametersamongthegroupswerecompared,andthecorrelationsbetweenrCBFand DMVparameterswereanalyzed.Thereexaminationswereperformed6monthslaterandtheincidenceofinfarctionwascomparedbetween thelowperfusiongroupandtheequal/highperfusiongroup.ThecorrelationbetweenvaluechangeofrCBFandDMV,andthetransformation tendencyfromtheischemiclesiontocerebralinfarctionwerealsoanalyzed.Results Inthelowperfusiongroup,allDMVparameters werehigherthanthoseinthecontrolgroupandtheequal/highperfusiongroup,andthedifferencesbetweengroupswerestatistically significant(P＜0.05),buttherewerenosignificantdifferencesbetweenthevaluesofthecontrolgroupandtheequal/highperfusion group (P＞0.05).Thereexaminationresultsof6monthslatershowedthat4caseswithcerebralinfarctionwereallfromthelowperfusion group.Theincidenceofthecerebralinfarctioninthelowperfusion groupwas25%andwassignificantlyhigherthanthat(0%)in theequal/highperfusiongroup (P＜0.05).Theincidencewas positivelycorrelatedwiththeratioofquantity,totallengthinbilateral unitareaandsubjectivescoreofischemicsideofDMV (r＝0.512,0.43,0.449,P＜0.05),whilenegativelycorrelatedwithrCBF (r＝－0.501,P＜0.05).Conclusion TherearesomechangesofrCBFandDMVincerebralischemicarea,andthereisacorrelationbetween rCBFandDMV.3D-pCASLandSWIcanshowcerebralbloodflowperfusionandDMVinischemicarea,andplayanimportantrolein studyingtheoutcomesofcerebralischemiclesions.

Objective:To investigate the effect of moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) on free radical metabolism in rat's hippocampus after different degrees of exhaustive exercise.Methods:A total of 72 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a normal group (n=8),a model group (n=32) and a moxibustion group (n=32).According to the times of modeling or treatment,the model group was further randomly divided into different subgroups of a 1-time model subgroup,a 4-time model subgroup,a 7-time model subgroup and a 10-time model subgroup (n=8);the moxibustion group was also further randomly divided into different subgroups of a 1-time moxibustion subgroup,a 4-time moxibustion subgroup,a 7-time moxibustion subgroup and a 10-time moxibustion subgroup (n=8).Rats in both model and moxibustion subgroups were subjected to establishing the swimming exhaustive model.Rats in each moxibustion subgroup received mild moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) for 15 min immediately after modeling,once every other day.The concentration of malic dialdehyde (MDA),as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD),glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in rat's hippocampus in each group were detected 24 h after the exhaustive exercise.Results:Compared with the 1-time model subgroup,the exhaustive swimming time of rats was significantly prolonged in the 4-time model subgroup (P＜0.01),while it was significantly shortened in the 7-time and 10-time model subgroups (both P＜0.01).Compared with the matched model subgroup,the exhaustive swimming time of rats in the 7-time and 10-time moxibustion subgroups was significantly prolonged (both P＜0.01).Compared with the normal group,the MDA concentration was increased significantly (P＜0.01),and the activities stress response of SOD and T-AOC were increased in the 1-time model subgroup (both P＜0.05);the MDA concentration was increased (all P＜0.01),and the activities of SOD,GSH-Px and T-AOC were decreased differently (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) in the 4-time,7-time and 10-time model subgroups.Compared with the matched model subgroup,the concentration of MDA was significantly reduced (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and the activities of SOD,GSH-Px and T-AOC were significantly increased in the 4-time,7-time and 10-time moxibustion subgroups (all P＜0.01).Conclusion:Moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) can improve the fatigue status of the body after long-term exhaustive exercise by regulating free radical metabolism in rat's hippocampus.To some extent,this provides an experimental basis for moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) against exercise-induced fatigue.

Objective To analyze the changes of serum markers of liver function and liver fibrosis in patients with fatty liver,and to explore the relationship between them,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of fatty liver into hepatic fibrosis. Methods From January 1st,2015 to December 31st, 2015,one thousand three hundred and forty-six healthy cases were selected,and 361 cases of fatty liver were diagnosed by ultrasound. Liver function index of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. Hyaluronic acid (HA),laminin (LN),serum type Ⅲprocollagen peptide ( PC Ⅲ) and type Ⅳ collagen ( C-Ⅳ) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The correlation between liver function and serum liver fibrosis indexes was analyzed by Pearson parameter analysis. Results The liver function index ALT,AST((69. 04±18. 72) U/L,(59. 78±15. 65)U/L) in fatty liver group were higher than those in the non-fatty liver group((25. 71±10. 25) U/L,(23. 68±8. 23) U/L),the differences were statistically significant ( t＝279. 283,388. 461,P＜0. 05) . Four serum fibrosis index HA,LN, PCⅢ,C-Ⅳ in the fatty liver group were (112. 64±21. 63) μg/L,(125. 85±27. 52) μg/L,(127. 28±29. 37) μg/L,(79. 38±18. 52) μg/L,respectively,which were higher than those in the non-fatty liver group ( (53. 98 ±16. 84) μg/L,(86. 31±20. 46) μg/L,(53. 31±18. 23) μg/L,(57. 26±15. 86 ) μg/L),the differences were statistically significant ( t＝727. 724,170. 432,941. 357,71. 169,P＜0. 001) . The correlation analysis of liver function and serum liver fibrosis indexes showed that ALT and AST were positively correlated with the fibrosis indexes HA,LN,PCⅢ( correlation coefficient r＝0. 230,0. 119,0. 370;0. 363,0. 361,0. 509,P＜0. 001),and which had no significant correlation with C-Ⅳ(P＞0. 05). Conclusion Liver function and serum liver fibrosis index can be used as the important basis for monitoring and diagnosis on the progression of fatty liver disease.

Objective: To re-evaluate the reliability and validity of the Adolescent Self-rating Life Events Checklist (ASLEC), and to adapt to the further application to middle school students in rural China. Methods: A stratified random cluster sampling method was applied to select 15 607 adolescents from grade 7th to grade 12th in 15 rural areas of 5 provinces(Anhui Province, Yunan Province, Guangdong Province, Hei Longjiang Province, Hubei Province), and they were recruited to complete our Questionnaires. Results: The revised version (ASLEC-R) consisted of 5 dimensions (punishment, interpersonal relationship, academic pressure, loss and adaptation problem), 25 items after deleting items 5 and 17 through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, which could accounted for 55.22% of the total variance. The fit indices were RMSEA=0.06，GFI=0.91，CFI=0.88，TLI=0.86，NFI=0.88，AGFI=0.88，HOELTER 0.05=261. The Cronbach’s α and Spearman-Brown splithalf reliability coefficient of the whole scale were 0.92 and 0.87, respectively，and the test-retest reliability was 0.84. ASLEC-R had better reliability than the unrevised version. The results of five-joint item analyses showed that each item improved in terms of indiscrimination, relevance, contribution, homogeneity and sensitivity. The correlation coefficients with BWAQ and EI subscale were 0.38 and -0.36 respectively. Conclusion ASLEC-R has good reliability and validity , and it is worth being applied to the Chinese rural areas.

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS infected students in Shandong Province, to provide a basis for the prevention and control of AIDS transmission in the student population. Methods: All 863 HIV/AIDS students cases during 2010-2019 were collected in Shandong Province. Epidemiological characteristics was described and the trends in the 10 years since 2010 was analyzed. Results: These 863 HIV/AIDS students were mainly transmitted through homosexual sex (763 cases, 88.41%), and the samples were mainly from voluntary consultation testing (433 cases, 50.17%). From 2010 to 2019, the proportion of student cases in the total number of cases showed an increasing trend ( χ 2 trend =30.21, P <0.01). Among them, the proportion of homosexual transmission cases increased year by year ( χ 2 trend =6.35, P =0.01), the proportion of cases aged 18-22 years increased year by year ( χ 2 trend =6.10, P =0.01), the proportion of cases with college degree or above increased year by year ( χ 2 trend =4.26, P =0.04). At present, voluntary consultation testing were the main source.There was no significant difference between the years of sample sources ( χ 2 trend =2.97, P =0.09). Conclusion The report number of students in Shandong Province are on the rise in recent years, especially those infected by same sex transmission, mainly with high education background, which calls for targeted strategies and intervention measures.

OBJECTIVEDendritic cells an hyperinsulinemia are both implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of high concentration of insulin on the maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) and related signal transduction pathways.

METHODSHuman monocytes were purified (over 98%) using Anti-CD14 micro-beads and cultured for 5 days with DC Cellgro medium containing rhGM-CSF (100 microg/L) and rhIL-4 (20 microg/L). Immature DC were then incubated with insulin of various concentrations (0, 1, 10, 100 nmol/L) for 24 hours in the presence or absence of LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) or PD98059 (MAPK inhibitor). Immunophenotypic expression of CD86 and CD83 were detected using flow cytometry. Endocytosis function of the MoDCs was evaluated using FITC-Dextran and MoDCs secretion IL-12, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha were measured by ELISA.

RESULTSInsulin induced significantly higher CD83 and CD86 expressions on MoDCs in a dose-dependent manner. The endocytosis function of MoDCs were significantly inhibited and cytokine secretions of IL-12, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha significantly increased by 10 nmol/L and 100 nmol/L insulin. These effects could be blocked by the LY294002 and PD98059.

CONCLUSIONHyperinsulinemia contributed to atherosclerosis via stimulating immune maturation of MoDCs via both PI3K and MAPK pathways.

Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Dendritic Cells ; drug effects ; immunology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Insulin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Monocytes ; cytology ; Phagocytosis ; drug effects ; Signal Transduction