Caveolae, specialized vesicular invaginations of the plasma membrane ,have attracted increasing attentions to those who are studing siginal transduction .Many proteins involved in signal transduction have been found enriched in these microdomains.Caveolins,as marker proteins of caveolae,form a scaffold onto which many classes of signaling molecules can assemble at steady state or after ligand-induced activiton .In addition to concentrating these signal transducers within a distinct region of the plasma membrane ,caveolin binding may functionally regulate the activation state of caveolae-associated signaling molecules.Thus,an emerging notion is that caveolae are signaling processing centers which orchestrate signaling events at the cell surface that influence cell function .

The goal of this work is to understand the difference between vertical structure and horizontal structure on data management. We take adverse event report as an example to find out the relationship between the storage space and the factors related to the trail. From the study we find out the difference of storage space between horizontal structure and vertical structure goes up with the increase of the storage space of each adverse event record and the number of adverse event allowed to record in the horizontal structure and goes down with the increase of the happening rate and the average times of the adverse event. When using the most widely used study design, vertical structure always takes less storage space than the horizontal structure. This vertical structure database is more suitable for the data management than the horizontal structure database.

Objective To discuss the systematic training method for new nurses in central sterile supply department(CSSD),in order to improve the training effects of new nurses and special practice ability,and make them to be qualified for jobs in CSSD.Methods 18 new nurses in CSSD were divided into the control group and the experimental group with 9 nurses in each group.The experimental group adopted systematic training method combining with unit tests and comprehensive evaluation.The control group chose the traditional training method.The testing results were compared between two groups.Results The experimental group all passed through the unit evaluation and comprehensive evaluation,could work independently after the training,got excellent achievement in comprehensive assessment of the department after 3 months on-the-job,and could finish all the work and solve various emergencies.4 passengers failed in unit assessment in the control group,and 3 failed in the comprehensive evaluation.The average results in the experimental group were obviously higher than that of the control group.Conclusions Scientific training content,the systematic training method,comprehensive evaluation method can avoid the blindness and arbitrariness in training and improve training effect.The implementation of unit access system and post access system in standardized training of new nurses can improve the study enthusiasm and strengthen the risk and responsibility consciousness of nurses,which is beneficial to the growth of new nurses and professional value guidance.

Objective To examine the relationship between the levels of plasma fibrinogen and the Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease(PAOD)in an elderly population.Methods A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in an urban Beijing sample of 2 680 subjects aged 60 years or older.Plasma fibrinogen was measured by the means of dispersion and comparing turbidity.PAOD was assessed by symptoms of intermittent claudication(IC)as measured by the WHO/ROSE questionnaire and an ankle-arm systolic blood pressure index(AAI)(

BACKGROUND:Diabetes mel itus can give rise to bone metabolic disorders in patients, resulting in the occurrence of osteoporosis and low traumatic fractures. However, the pathogenesis mechanism remains unclear. OBJECTIVE:To review the current research progress in the bone metabolic disorders resulting from diabetes mel itus, and to provide theoretical basis of the prevention and treatment of diabetic osteopathy. METHODS:A computer-based online search was conducted in Pubmed database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/) from January 2000 to December 2013. Articles focusing on diabetes mel itus regulating bone metabolism were col ected using the key words of“diabetes mel itus;bone”in English. High-quality relevant studies were included, while repetitions and unidirectional studies were excluded.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 6 979 articles were obtained initial y, and after screening procedures 58 literatures were selectively included in this review. Although type 1 and type 2 diabetes mel itus exert different effects on the bone mineral density, they ultimately result in osteoporosis and low traumatic fractures. It is widely believed that the pathogenesis may be that high glucose breaks the balance between bone formation and bone absorption, so that bone absorption is greater than bone formation. The number of the osteoclasts is increased, while the cytokines of promoting osteogenesis are restrained. As a consequence, those result in low bone mineral density, brittle bone and high incidence of fracture.

AIM： To study the effects of nabumetone on immunological fuctions in mice METHODS： After nabumetone was given ig to mice， the weight of thymus and spleen， phagocytizing function of macrophages， PHA－ induced lymphocyte transformation were observed respectively in mice RESULTS： The weight of thymus and spleen was decreased， the phagocytizing function of macrophages was reduced， PHA－ induced lymphocyte transformation was markedly inhibited with nabumetone in mice CONCLUSION： The immunological function in mice was significantly inhibited with nonsteriod anti－ inflammatory drug－ nabumetone

Atherosclerosis ; pathology ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Dendritic Cells ; metabolism ; Glycation End Products, Advanced ; metabolism ; Humans ; Inflammation

Objective To explore the incidence rate and related factors of high intraocular pressure after vitro-retinal surgery for patients with diabetic retinopathy(DRP). Methods The 986 patients(1 326 eyes) with DRP arranged vitro-retinal surgery were studied. The inci-dence rate of intraocular pressure was analyzed between different types,grades,complicated with macular detachment,filled with silicone oil/C3F8,total/supplementary retina photo-coagulation and crystalline lens excision. Results The incidence rate of high intraocular pressure was 27. 8%(368/1 326). The incidence rate of high intraocular pressure of proliferative DRP (34. 0%) was obviously higher than non-pro-liferative DRP (17. 2%)(χ2 =30. 648,P=0. 000),and higher in DRP D grade than B grade(34. 1%,20. 8%)(χ2=8. 834,P=0. 003). The incidence rate of high intraocular pressure of proliferative DRP (34. 0%) was obviously higher in patients complicated with macular de-tachment(30. 4%,22. 7%)(χ2 =8. 834,P=0. 0030). The incidence rate of patients filled with silicone oil/C3F8(39. 1%,24. 0%) (χ2 =28. 088,P=0. 000),total/supplementary retina photo-coagulation(32. 8%,16. 8%) (χ2 =21. 159,P=0. 000),with/without crystal-line lens excision (40. 5%,25. 9%)(χ2=15. 532,P=0. 0001)was different obviously. Conclusion There is a high incidence rate and re-lated factors of high intraocular pressure after vitro-retinal surgery for patients with diabetic retinopathy,and it is related to different DRP types,grades,complicated with macular detachment,filled with silicone oil/C3F8,total/supplementary retina photo-coagulation,crystalline lens excision.

Objective To explore the long term mutagenic and carcinogenic effects of endemic arsenism Methods The micronuclei and chromosomal aberration in peripheral blood lymphocytes were detected by conventional micro whole blood culture method among 112 subjects with endemic arsenism and 88 healthy residents as controls Results Significantly higher frequencies of chromosomal aberrations(1 0770‰?0 1953%) and micronuclei(0 8547‰?0 0567‰) of peripheral blood lymphocytes were observed in arsenic poisoned group compared with those(0 4286‰?0 1241%,0 3928‰?0 0368‰) of controls respectively ( P

Objective To evaluate the bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis (BISAP) and harmless acute pancreatitis (HAP) scoring system in predicting prognosis of acute pancreatitis (AP).Methods A total of 442 AP patients,who were admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2003 to December 2010,were retrospectively studied.BISAP and HAP scores were evaluated respectively.The value of BISAP and HAP scores in predicting severity,local complications,organ failure and mortality were measured by the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC),and it was compared with that of traditional Ranson's score.Results Among 442 patients,73 patients (16.5％) were diagnosed to have severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).AUC for BISAP score in predicting SAP,local complications,organ failure and mortality were 0.90 (95％ CI:0.86 ～ 0.93),0.82(95％ CI:0.76 ～ 0.89),0.93 (95％ CI:0.89 ～ 0.96),0.93 (95％ CI:0.87 ～ 0.98).There were no statistically significant differences in AUCs of the four prognostic parameters between BISAP and Ranson's score.The specificity,positive predictive value (PPV),and AUC of HAP score in predicting mild AP were 85％,95％ and 0.73 (95％ CI:0.67 ～ 0.79).The risk of dismal prognosis increased when both BISAP and HAP score were abnormal.Conclusions BISAP and Ranson's score have comparable ability in predicting prognosis of patients with AP.However,BISAP score is simpler.HAP score is a simple and accurate method for predicting prognosis of patients with mild AP.Combination of BISAP score with HAP score can better help predict the prognosis of AP patients.