Rotor syndrome is a rare disease of hereditary hyperbilirubinemia transmitted with autosomal recessive trait. In general, Rotor syndrome shows direct hyperbilirubinemia and there has been several reports since Sons's report in 1966, in Korea. A 34-year-old female was admitted with the chief complaint of intermittent icteric sclera for 24 years. There was no family history of jaundice. Rotor syndrome was diagnosed by oral cholecystogram, BSP retention test, 99mTc-DISIDA scan, liver biopsy and electron microscopy study of liver biopsy specimen. We report this case with brief review of the literature.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia ; Hyperbilirubinemia, Hereditary* ; Jaundice ; Korea ; Liver ; Microscopy, Electron ; Rare Diseases ; Sclera ; Technetium Tc 99m Disofenin

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of L-ascorbic acid (LAA) on oxidative-stress-induced cellular senescence in trabecular meshwork (TM) cells. METHODS: Primarily cultured human TM cells were exposed to 0, 10, or 100 microM hydrogen peroxide for 7 days with or without co-exposure of LAA. Cellular survival and nitrite production were assessed with MTT and Griess assays, respectively. SA-beta-gal staining was performed to quantify cellular senescence. RESULTS: Hydrogen peroxide decreased cellular survival, accompanied by decreased nitric oxide (NO) production. These decreases of cellular survival and NO production were abolished by co-exposure of 100 microM LAA. Analysis of SA-beta-gal staining revealed that LAA inhibited hydrogen peroxide-induced cellular senescence by 6.8% (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: LAA may have a protective effect against the oxidative-stress-induced cellular senescence in TM cells.
Aging ; Ascorbic Acid ; Cell Aging ; Humans ; Hydrogen ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; Nitric Oxide ; Oxidative Stress ; Trabecular Meshwork

To evaluate the clinical characteristics of unilateral open-angle glaucoma, patients diagnosed with unilateral open-angle glaucoma from January 2017 to October 2018 were divided into primary open-angle glaucoma and normal-tension glaucoma groups according to the type of glaucoma diagnosed. The glaucoma and the contralateral eyes were compared, and the contralateral eye was analyzed for conversion to glaucoma and its risk factors were assessed during the 2-year follow-up period. Among 99 patients, 36 were diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma and 63 with normal-tension glaucoma. When comparing the glaucoma eye with the contralateral eye, the visual field mean deviation value (all p<0.001), peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (all p<0.001), macular ganglion cell layer-inner plexiform layer thickness (p< 0.001, p=0.003), and optic nerve cup-disc ratio (p=0.005, p<0.001) were significantly different in both the primary open-angle glaucoma and normal-tension glaucoma groups. In normal-tension glaucoma, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was significantly thinner in the glaucoma conversion group than in the glaucoma non-conversion group (p=0.008). It was significantly associated with glaucoma conversion (odds ratio=0.97, p=0.023). In conclusion, in patients with unilateral open-angle glaucoma, the contralateral eye may develop glaucoma. In particular, if the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness is decreased in normal-tension glaucoma, the possibility of glaucoma conversion is high; hence, careful examination is required.

To evaluate the clinical characteristics of unilateral open-angle glaucoma, patients diagnosed with unilateral open-angle glaucoma from January 2017 to October 2018 were divided into primary open-angle glaucoma and normal-tension glaucoma groups according to the type of glaucoma diagnosed. The glaucoma and the contralateral eyes were compared, and the contralateral eye was analyzed for conversion to glaucoma and its risk factors were assessed during the 2-year follow-up period. Among 99 patients, 36 were diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma and 63 with normal-tension glaucoma. When comparing the glaucoma eye with the contralateral eye, the visual field mean deviation value (all p<0.001), peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (all p<0.001), macular ganglion cell layer-inner plexiform layer thickness (p< 0.001, p=0.003), and optic nerve cup-disc ratio (p=0.005, p<0.001) were significantly different in both the primary open-angle glaucoma and normal-tension glaucoma groups. In normal-tension glaucoma, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was significantly thinner in the glaucoma conversion group than in the glaucoma non-conversion group (p=0.008). It was significantly associated with glaucoma conversion (odds ratio=0.97, p=0.023). In conclusion, in patients with unilateral open-angle glaucoma, the contralateral eye may develop glaucoma. In particular, if the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness is decreased in normal-tension glaucoma, the possibility of glaucoma conversion is high; hence, careful examination is required.

No abstract available.
Baculoviridae* ; Bombyx* ; Coinfection*

This study was designed to investigate factors relating to fiscal deficit for regional health insurance. The financial statements for the fiscal year 1990 of nationwide 254 regional medical insurance societies were analyzed. Important findings are summarized below: 1. There were differences in the main reason for the financial deficit among regions when deficit and surplus societies were compared by regions. The total revenue per enrollee, especially revenue from the premium contribution of a deficit society was significantly smaller than that of a surplus society in large cities and counties. On the other hand, the total expenditure per enrollee of a deficit society was larger than that of a surplus society in small cities. 2. Both low premium irate at the beginning of health insurance program and less effort to increase the premium rate were main factors for the smaller revenue from the contribution of a deficit society in large cities and counties. 3. Larger expenditures per covered person of a deficit society in small cities were explained with larger medical expenditures especially for out-patients services rather than larger administrative expenses. 4. A regression analysis showed that utilization rates in out-patient services were significantly associated with income and numbers of total medical care institution per capita within a region where a health insurance society located. Also expenses paid by insurer per visit were associated with the proportion of utilization for tertiary care hospitals as well as the proportion of utilization of public health centers.
Hand ; Health Expenditures ; Humans ; Insurance ; Insurance Carriers ; Insurance, Health* ; Korea* ; Outpatients ; Public Health ; Tertiary Healthcare

Background: It has been reported that steroid and lidocaine reduce inflammatory responses to endotoxin. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of lidocaine with those of steroid on inflammatory responses to Escherichia coli endotoxemia in the rabbit lung. Methods: Twenty four animals were randomly assigned to one of four groups. Group I (endotoxemic group; control, n=6): They were received E. coli endotoxin (500 microg/kg) intravenously through the ear vein and followed by saline infusion at 20 ml/kg/hr for 4 hours. Group II (steroid treated group, n=6): They were treated with steroid (30 mg/kg) intravenously just after endotoxin injection and then saline was given at 20 ml/kg/hr for 4 hours. Group III (lidocaine treated group, n=6): They were received same as the endotoxemic group and lidocaine (3 mg/kg IV bolus, then continuous infusion at the rate of 2 mg/kg/hr) was administered with saline at 20 ml/kg/hr for 4 hours. Group IV (steroid & lidocaine treated group, n=6): They were received same as the endotoxemic group and after endotoxin infusion, steroid (30 mg/kg) and lidocaine (3 mg/kg IV bolus, then continuous infusion at the rate of 2 mg/kg/hr) was administered intravenously with saline. Numbers of neutrophils and monocytes in the samples of peripheral blood and lung tissue were counted and compared to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of drugs. Results: The group II, III, and IV showed significant attenuation of inflammatory responses compared to group I in the rabbit lung(P<0.05). But there were no significant differences among group II, III, and IV. There was no additive effect between steroid and lidocaine. Conclusion: These results suggest that lidocaine could be used as an alternative drug to steroid for its anti-inflammatory effects and cost-effectiveness.
Animals ; Ear ; Endotoxemia* ; Escherichia coli ; Lidocaine* ; Lung* ; Monocytes ; Neutrophils ; Veins

No abstract available.
Brain Injuries* ; Brain* ; Disability Evaluation* ; Humans ; Perfusion* ; Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

Uterine papillary serous carcinoma is a morphologically distinct variant of endometrial carcinoma that is associated with an aggressive behavior with rapid progression and high recurrence, and poor response to salvage treatment. The most common type of malignancy developing in the uterus after radiation therapy is the malignant mixed mullerian tumor, however, the papillary serous carcinomas have rarely been reported.Here we report a case of uterine papillary serous carcinoma which had developed 7 years after radiation therapy for invasive cervical cancer.
Endometrial Neoplasms ; Female ; Recurrence ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; Uterus

This study has been examined different morphologic measurements in the evaluation of patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. Preoperative CT-Myelography from 30 patients who underwent surgery for central lumbar stenosis were analyzed. Based on this, we concluded as follows : 1) Bony measurement alone did not reliably identify patients with spinal stenosis. 2) Measurement of the transverse area of the dural sac on CT-Myelography was the most accurate method for identifying stenosis. 3) Lumbar myelography was still considered to have an important role in the valuation of a patient with stenosis because of correlation between the cross-sectional area of the dural sac and the anteroposterior diameter of the dural sac was excellent. 4) We identified soft-tissue problems as the main cause of stenosis. 5) The most common level of maximum stenosis was L4-5.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Humans ; Myelography* ; Spinal Stenosis*