1.The Prevalence of Epstein-Barr Virus in Uterine Cervical Cancer: Detection by PCR and In Situ PCR Methods.
In Sun KIM ; Jae Seong KANG ; An Na CHOI ; Young Sik KIM
Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2000;43(2):184-191
OBJECTIVE: Uterine cervical cancer is the most common malignant tumor in Korean women. Human papillomaviruses are associated in 85-90% of the cases. However, other cofactors are considered to be important in carcinogenesis. There is an evidence that the uterine cervix is the site of shedding of the Epstein-Barr viruses(EBV). Furthermore the virus has been detected in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix. We studied to evaluate the role of EBV in cervical carcinogenesis. METHODS: Non-neoplastic cervices(12), carcinoma in situ(32), microinvasive squamous cell carcinomas(9), invasive squamous cell carcinomas(37) and adenocarcinomas and adenosquamous carcinomas(14) were studied for EBV infection. PCR and in situ PCR for EBNA-1 were done and subtyping was done using PCR for EBNA 3C. RESULTS: In non-neoplastic cervix, EBV was detected in 16.7% by PCR and found in normal epithelial cells and lymphocytes in in situ PCR. By PCR technique, EBV was detected in 65.6% of CIS, 66.3% and 51.4% of microinvasive and invasive squamous cell carcinomas, 57.1% of adenocarcinomas and adenosquamous carcinomas. EBV subtyping was done in EBV positive cases by PCR and all showed type 1. CONCLUSION: EBV was detected in higher frequency in cervical cancer than in non-neoplastic cervix. However the frequency was not correlated to the invasion depth and histologic types of cervical carcinomas. EBV was detected in tumor cells as well as normal epithelial cells and lymphocytes also. It was suggested that EBV may play a role in cervical cancers but the mechanism in carcinogenesis remains to be solved.
Adenocarcinoma
;
Carcinogenesis
;
Carcinoma, Adenosquamous
;
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
;
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia
;
Cervix Uteri
;
Epithelial Cells
;
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections
;
Female
;
Herpesvirus 4, Human*
;
Humans
;
Lymphocytes
;
Polymerase Chain Reaction*
;
Prevalence*
;
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*
4.Effects of IL-6 on the proliferation and ICAM-1 expression of keratinocytes.
Young YANG ; In Pyo CHOI ; Sang Hyun CHO ; Hyung Sik KANG ; Si Myung BYUN ; Kwang Ho PYUN
Korean Journal of Immunology 1993;15(2):183-189
No abstract available.
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1*
;
Interleukin-6*
;
Keratinocytes*
5.Radiologic findings of osteochondritis dissecans.
Jae seung KIM ; Choong Gon CHOI ; Heung Sik KANG ; Seon Kyu LEE ; Chu Wan KIM
Journal of the Korean Radiological Society 1993;29(3):528-534
To evaluate the radiographic characteristics of osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) and useful parameter for predicting mechanical stability, we retrospectively analysed 26 plain radiographic examinations and seven MR imagings in 28 cases of OCD in 24 patients. Typical radiologic findings were osteochondral defect with sclerotic rim of variable thickeness and osteochondral fragment. Sites of osteochondral defect were medial (35.9%) or lateral (32%) femoral chondyle and medial (7.1%) or lateral (25%) side of talar dome. Sclerotic rim was seen in 24 cases (85%) and osteochondral fragments including nine loose bodies were seen in 21 cases (75%). The size of osteochondral defect with unstable fragment (average 2.05cm) and loose body (2.04cm) in the knee joint were similar to, but statistically larger than that with stable fragment (1.35cm). All osteochondral defects were well visualized on MR images. Abnormalities of articular cartilage and effusion in the interface between the parent bone and fragment were seem in five cases of which there were confirmed three unstable cases arthroscopically. We conclude that size of defect may be a good parameter for predicting mechanical stability and MRI may be useful in the diagnosis of OCD and determining the methods of treatment.
Cartilage, Articular
;
Diagnosis
;
Humans
;
Knee Joint
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
;
Osteochondritis Dissecans*
;
Osteochondritis*
;
Parents
;
Retrospective Studies
6.The Comparison of the Effect of Enflurane and Propofol on Arterial Oxygenation during One-Lung Ventilation.
Sung Sik KANG ; In Chul CHOI ; Jin Mee JOUNG ; Ji Yeon SHIN ; Myung Won CHO
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 1997;33(6):1121-1128
BACKGROUND: Controversy exists as to whether or not inhalation anesthetics and intravenous anesthetics impair arterial oxygenation (PaO2) during one lung ventilation (OLV). Accordingly, we examined the effect of enflurane and propofol on PaO2 and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) during OLV. METHODS: Forty patients, who had prolonged periods of OLV anesthesia with minimal trauma to the nonventilated lung were studied in a cross over design. Patients were randomized to four groups; Group 1 received 1 MAC of enflurane and oxygen from induction until the first 20 min after complete lung collapse, then were switched to propofol 100 g/kg/min (P100). In group 2, the order of the anesthetics was reversed. Group 3, Group 4 received the same order of the anesthetics as Group 1, Group 2, respectively but received propofol 200 g/kg/min (P200). RESULTS: During OLV, the PaO2 values were lower than those with two lung ventilation (TLV), there were no significant differences among each groups and between propofol and enflurane in PaO2, but in the selected patients (n=10, PaO2<120 mmHg during OLV), PaO2 in propofol group was higher than that of enflurane group (p<0.05). Conversion from TLV to OLV caused a significant increase in PVR, but there were no difference in PVR between propofol and enflurane group. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the usual clinical dose of propofol affords no advantage over 1 MAC of enflurane anesthesia except low PaO2 patients during OLV. Propofol might be of value in risk patients of hypoxemia during thoracic surgery when OLV is planned.
Anesthesia
;
Anesthetics
;
Anesthetics, Inhalation
;
Anesthetics, Intravenous
;
Anoxia
;
Cross-Over Studies
;
Enflurane*
;
Humans
;
Lung
;
One-Lung Ventilation*
;
Oxygen*
;
Propofol*
;
Pulmonary Atelectasis
;
Thoracic Surgery
;
Vascular Resistance
;
Ventilation
7.A Study on the Effect of Waste Anestheic Gases on the Sister Chromatid Exchanges of Peripheral Lymphocytes in Operating Room Personnel.
Young Seok CHOI ; Hak Sik KIM ; Keon KANG
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 1990;23(6):879-883
The authors examined the induntivity of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in peripheral lum-phocytes on the personnel working in the operating room and analyzed the factors associated with it to obtain data for their monitoring health status. The results obtained were as follows; 1) Average inductivity of SCE in peripheral lymphocytes of operating room perssonnel exposed to anesthetic gases was 7.85 per cell; it was significantly higher than in those who were not exposed (p< 0.05). 2) The inductivity of SCE in peripheral lymphocytes by age group and exposure duration was not statically significant (p<0.05). 3) The inductivity of SCE in the subjects with a smoking habit was significantly higher than those without a smoking habit (p<0.05). 4) There was no significant difference in the inductivity of SCE between the subjects with a drinking habit and those without it (p>0.05). 5) It is possible that the high inductivity of SCE in operating room personnel who both with drink and smoke was due to more the influence of their smoking than their drinking.
Anesthetics, Inhalation
;
Drinking
;
Gases*
;
Humans
;
Lymphocytes*
;
Operating Rooms*
;
Siblings*
;
Sister Chromatid Exchange*
;
Smoke
;
Smoking
8.Effects of Lovastatin(Mevacor(R)) on Lowering Plasma Lipids in Patients with Hyperlipidemia.
Hyang Joo LEE ; Chul Hong MIN ; Kang Sik CHOI ; Wang Seong RYU ; Un Ho RYOO
Korean Circulation Journal 1991;21(4):781-785
Lovastatin, a competitive inhibitor of the rate limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis was administered to 34 patients with primary hypertlipidemia, 20 mg once daily with the evening meal. Patients experienced mean total and LDL cholesterol reductions of 30.9% and 34.0% respectively. HDL cholesterol level was significantly increased by 15.4% and plasma triglyceride level was decreased by 11.2%. maximal hypocholesterolemic effects were evident at 8 weeks, after which the effects were stable. Adverse effects were noted in 2 patients who had mild gastrointestinal symptoms, that subsided after discontinuing the drug. We concluded that lovastatin is a well tolerated and effective agent for the treatment of primary hyperlipidemia.
Cholesterol
;
Cholesterol, HDL
;
Cholesterol, LDL
;
Humans
;
Hyperlipidemias*
;
Lovastatin
;
Meals
;
Plasma*
;
Triglycerides
9.A Case of Primary Cutaneous Neuroendocrine Carcinoma.
Won HUR ; Young Sik CHOI ; Seung Hun LEE ; Won Hyoung KANG
Annals of Dermatology 1991;3(2):153-157
Primary Cutaneous Neuroendocrine Carcinoma(CNEC : or Merkel Cell Tumor) usually occurs as a solitary tumor in middle aged to elderly individuals. This tumor may occur on any layer of the skin but the most frequent location is in the dermis. Electron microscopic studies reveal that the tumor cell contains round, dense core granules similar to epidermal Merkel cell and other cells of the neural crest derived APUD system. We describe the clinical, histological, electron microscopic, immunohistochemical observation of a case of primary CNEC in a 66-year-old female and discuss the theories regarding the histogenesis of this unusual tumor.
Aged
;
Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine*
;
Dermis
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Middle Aged
;
Neural Crest
;
Skin
10.Generation and Characterization of 1H8 monoclonal antibody against human bone marrow stromal cells.
Immune Network 2001;1(1):14-25
BACKGROUND: Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) express many cell surface molecules, which regulate the proliferation and differentiation of immune cells within the bone marrow. METHODS: To identify cell surface molecules, which can regulate cell proliferation through cell interaction, monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) against BMSCs were produced. Among them, 1H8 MoAb, which recognized distinctly an 80 kDa protein, abolished myeloma cell proliferation that was induced by co-culturing with BMSCs. RESULTS: IL-6 gene expression was increased when myeloma or stromal cells were treated with 1H8 MoAb. In addition, the expression of IL-6 receptor and CD40 was up-regulated by 1H8 treatment, suggesting that the molecule recognized by 1H8 MoAb is involved in cell proliferation by modulating the expression of cell growth-related genes. Myeloma cells contain high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are related to gene expression and tumorigenesis. Treatment with 1H8 decreased the intracellular ROS level and increased PAG antioxidant gene concomitantly. Finally, 1H8 induced the tyrosine phosphorylation of several proteins in U266. CONCLUSION: Taken together, 1H8 MoAb recognized the cell surface molecule and triggered the intracellular signals, which led to modulate gene expression and cell proliferation.
Antibodies, Monoclonal
;
Bone Marrow*
;
Carcinogenesis
;
Cell Communication
;
Cell Proliferation
;
Gene Expression
;
Humans*
;
Interleukin-6
;
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells*
;
Phosphorylation
;
Reactive Oxygen Species
;
Receptors, Interleukin-6
;
Stromal Cells
;
Tyrosine