Peritendinous adhesions which develop in the flexor tendons of the digits after injury or operation are still a major problem in the surgery of the hand. The adhesions that are part of the healing process constitute an almost inevitable functional disability during the biological response of the tissue to injury. To achive better gliding function of flexor tendons, continuous efforts are being made to reduce peritendinous adhesions without adversely affecting the healing process itself. To reduce peritendinous adhesions, an aqueous solution of beta-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) was added to a solution of enriched native collagen (E.C.S.) and applied to the cut tendons of one group: untreated controls and controls treated with collagen solution alone comprised the other groups. Chickens from each group were sacrificed one, three and five weeks after operation. Tn he results were evaluated grossly and pathologically. The results of this experiment were as follows. 1. The collagen solution alone had the same lathylogenic effect as the beta-aminopropionitrile. 2. There were no systemic complications with beta-aminopropionitrile. 3. The beta-aminopropionitrile collagen solutions had the adverse effect on the tendon healings.
Aminopropionitrile ; Chickens ; Collagen ; Hand ; Tendons

The Graf stabilization has been introduced in treating lumbar spinal disorder associated with posterior instability. This study reviewed some problems of the Graf instrumentation as a soft stabilizer. The purpose of this study is to analyse the problems of the soft stabilization in spinal instability. We reviewed 145 cases which were operative treatment using the Graf instrument for lumbar spinal disorder associated with posterior instability at our department from May, 1991 to Dec, 1995. The mean follow up periods was 29 months ranging from 24 months to 6 years 8 months. Of the 145 cases, 22 cases were showed the problem. The diagnostic method were simple x-ray, flexion-extension lateral stress view and CT scan. Results were as follows : Adjacent segmental instability was 10 cases(6.9%), disc space narrowing was 8 cases(5.5%), screw loosening was 3 cases(2.1%) and breakage of the Graf band was 1 case(0.6%). The problems of the soft stabilization were adjacent segmental instability, disc space narrowing, screw loosening, and breakage of the Graf band. But the rate of adjacent segmental instability and disc space narrowing was lower than other lumbar spinal instrumentation.
Follow-Up Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The objective of this paper is to introduce the schematic protocol of radiofrequency (RF) ablation for the treatment of varicose veins. Indication: anatomic or pathophysiologic indication includes venous diameter within 2-20 mm, reflux time > or =0.5 seconds and distance from the skin > or =5 mm or subfascial location. Access: it is recommended to access at or above the knee joint for great saphenous vein and above the mid-calf for small saphenous vein. Catheter placement: the catheter tip should be placed 2.0 cm inferior to the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction. Endovenous heat-induced thrombosis > or =class III should be treated with low-molecular weight heparin. Tumescent solution: the composition of solution can be variable (e.g., 2% lidocaine 20 mL+500 mL normal saline+bicarbonate 2.5 mL with/without epinephrine). Infiltration can be done from each direction. Ablation: two cycles' ablation for the first proximal segment of saphenous vein and the segment with the incompetent perforators is recommended. The other segments should be ablated one time. During RF energy delivery, it is recommended to apply external compression. Concomitant procedure: It is recommended to do simultaneously ambulatory phlebectomy. For sclerotherapy, it is recommended to defer at least 2 weeks. Post-procedural management: post-procedural ambulation is encouraged to reduce the thrombotic complications. Compression stocking should be applied for at least 7 days. Minor daily activity is not limited, but strenuous activities should be avoided for 2 weeks. It is suggested to take showers after 24 hours and tub baths, swimming, or soaking in water after 2 weeks.
Baths ; Catheter Ablation* ; Catheters ; Consensus* ; Heparin ; Knee Joint ; Lidocaine ; Saphenous Vein ; Sclerotherapy ; Skin ; Stockings, Compression ; Swimming ; Thrombosis ; Varicose Veins* ; Walking

No abstract available.
Humans ; Muscular Dystrophies*

No abstract available.
Muscle Spasticity* ; Paraplegia*

A large number of congenital dislocation of the hip remains undiagnosed before a child begins to walk, unless screening tests are performed on newborns and infants. It is well-known that congenital dislocation of the hip can result in marked acetabluar dysplasia, in deformity of the femoral head and in a change of the femoral-neck angle: conversely, a normal hip joint can be expected when the femoral head is replaced in time in the acetabular socket. The authors studied 33 cases of 37 congenital dislocations of the hip treated with closed reduction and immobilization in a changing cast after adequate premanipulative skeletal traction at the orthopedic department of the Presbyterian Hospital, Taegu. As result of this study, the following conclusions were reached: 1. The preponderance of girls to boys was found to be 3.7 : 1. 2. The ratio of unilateral to bilateral cases was 29 : 4 and of right to left was 12 : 17. All 4 bilateral cases were female. 3. An associated congenital anomaly was observed in a case of thyroglossal duct cyst. There were 2 cases of breech presentation. 4. Instead of a soft tissue releasing operation, in most cases we applied adequate skeletal traction(plus one to two station) in the distal femur for 2 to 3 week before reduction. That was the same as a series of traction stations referred to by Gage and Winter(1972) which relates the position of the femoral head to the acetabulum by traction. 5. The average time of following up was 24 months. 6. There were 2 cases of epiphyseal change. One of the cases did not appear as a proximal femoral epiphysis until the 8th month of postreduction and the other was a fragmentation of the femoral epiphysis without signs of increased density after reduction. These 2 cases resulted from inadequate traction. We will follow up these cases for an adequate time. 7. There were several cases of unsatisfactory results functionally and anatomically, in acetabulum and head relationship and the femoral-neck angle. 8. The duration which required for joint stability clinically was shortened in cases of early treatment. 9. The average time of cast immobilization was 7 months.
Acetabulum ; Breech Presentation ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Daegu ; Dislocations ; Epiphyses ; Female ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Hip Joint ; Hip ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Joints ; Mass Screening ; Orthopedics ; Pregnancy ; Protestantism ; Thyroglossal Cyst ; Traction

Skin grafts on bare bone, denuded of perioteum, is one of the most difficult problems to deal with, but has good clinical application. Most surgeons have stated that skin grafts will not take on unprepared bare bone and have refused to raft skin on bare bone, but they have successfully grafted skin on bare bone after preparation of the recipient site in one of several ways. The authors have treated bare bones with multiple holes drilled through the outer cortex of bone in to the marrow cavity to start growth of granulation from the marrow cavity, followed by skin graft. It has been both successful and has shortened the convalescent period.
Bone Marrow ; Skin ; Surgeons ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Baculoviridae* ; Bombyx* ; Coinfection*

Many authors have been reported that the abdominal trauma, especially injury of the liver and spleen, is frequently found with lower rib fractures, below the ninth rib fractures and the incidence was about 20 to 30%. In cases of rib fractures, Intra- abdominal organs may be injured in the higher rib fractures than the ninth because the diaphragm is elevated at the level of filth intercostal space in expiration period and the intra-abdominal lesions are often delayed evaluated due to the pain of the fractures and masked by the other injuries of the head and the extremities. So above reasons, we were often questioned what the level of rib fracture we must evaluate the intra-abdominal injury was? So we investigated 452 patients with rib fractures who visited our emergency medical center from 1995, January to 1996, December and divided into two groups according to the prescience of intra-abdominal organ injuries by each the level of rib fractures. The number of patients with intra-abdominal organ injuries were 75(16.6%) and the most frequently damaged organ was the liver(25 cases, 33.3%). We calculated the statistical values of each level of rib fractures by the Chi-Square method and got a result that the level of rib fracture we must evaluate the intra-abdominal injuries was the sixth rib fracture. Therefore, if we will meet the patients with rib fracture below the sixth, we must have attentions to the intra-abdominal injuries and evaluate the abdomen closely with various diagnostic methods.
Abdomen ; Attention ; Diaphragm ; Emergencies ; Extremities ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver ; Masks ; Rib Fractures* ; Ribs* ; Spleen

No abstract available.
Abruptio Placentae* ; Female ; Pregnancy