Objective To discuss the influence of dental occlusion on mandibular movements. The characteristic tracings of mandibular movements at the condyle of unilateral posterior crossbite patients were investigated using a computerized axiography. The differences between patients with normal occlusion and unilateral posterior crossbite were compared by some recordings of condylar movements in three dimensions. Methods Seven unilateral posterior crossbite patients (at least two posterior teeth were crossbite) were chosen as experiment group, and five with normal occlusion without signs or symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) were chosen as controls. By computer-aided axiography (CADIAX) and gamma dental software for windows 2.3.2.22 (GDSW) from Grbh company (Germany), the tracings of condylar movements in right and left parasagittal planes during opening/closing were recorded, and the data were input into the computer and analyzed using GDSW software. The drifts in X, Y and Z coordinated with condylar movements, respectively, and the transverse condylar inclination from the orbital axis line and the horizontal condylar inclination were calculated, respectively. Results The lengths of the axiographical in opening/closing movement were significantly shorter in the experiment group than that in normal occlusion group; the bilateral condylar tracing of opening/closing movement was symmetric in younger cases but asymmetric in older cases; the lateral deviation of opening/closing movement was significantly larger in unilateral posterior crossbite than that in control group. Conclusion The condylar tracings of envelope of movement in unilateral posterior crossbite patients are significantly different in the patients with normal occlusion. With age increasing, tracings of the affected side and contralateral side vary from symmetry to asymmetry. The results suggest that the functional opening movements are limited in the patients with the unilateral posterior crossbite.

The association between psychogenic illness and human endogenous viruses (HEVs), including human endogenous retrovirus and Borna disease virus, remains unclear. As the component of human genome, HEVs may become the joint of various pathogenic factors of schizophrenia (SZ), such as heredity, environment, and immunity. In this review, we strive to uncover the clinical and laboratory evidence for the roles and possible pathogenic mechanism of HEVs in the development of SZ.
Animals ; Environment ; Humans ; Schizophrenia ; etiology ; genetics ; immunology ; virology ; Viruses ; genetics

Objective To develop a model of be nzene induced aplastic anemia in mice and to observe pathology of aplastic anemi a induced by benzene;Methods we tried to establish a model of benzene induced aplastic anemia in mice,then we studied pathology of aplastic anemia and the pr evention of amifostine on the model.(1) CD1 male mice were injected subcutaneou sly with benzene +corn oil three times a week,and randomly assigned to four gro ups according to the dose of benzene administrated:B1group(0.5ml/kg),B2group( 1.0ml/kg),B3group(1.5ml/kg),B4 group(2.0ml/kg),C group (injected intraperi toneally with 200mg/kg amifostine 30min before benzene administrated on the basi s of the aplastic anemia model as amifostine treated group),while A group treat ed with only corn oil as control,all the groups were complement with corn oil t o 4ml/kg;Before and 2 days after benzene were administrated 10,15,20 and 25 t imes respectively,all the groups mice were killed respectively ,the parameters tested were as following:general condition,peripheral blood smear,histopatho logy of bone marrow 、liver,spleen and PCNA,TUNEL.Results Compared with the control group,some parameters were changed in each model group,but only the pa rameters in B4 group were significantly different from the control group.After 25 times of benzene administration,compared with the control group (A group),B4 group mice showed 18.51% body and 63.86% spleen weight loss (P

Objective To investigate the expression of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α in rat brain neurons and the intervention of β-sodium aescinate after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC).Methods Sixty SD adult rats were randomly (random number) divided into 3 groups (n =20),namely experiment group,control group and sham operation group.(1) The rats of experiment group were injected intraperitoneally with β-sodium aescinate (5 mg/kg) immediately after ROSC.(2) The rats of control group received normal saline injected intraperitoneally instead of β-sodium aescinate solution.(3)The rats of sham operation group did not have cardiac arrest and β-sodium aescinate intervention.Cardiac arrest rat model was established by using asphyxiation and intra-venous potassium chloride solution.Blood samples were taken 1 h,6 h,12 h and 24 h after ROSC,and subsequently rats were sacrificed and their brain tissues were harvested.The expressions of HIF-1 α mRNA,vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)mRNA and erythropoitin (EPO) mRNA and their protein levels in rat brain neurons were detected by using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry,and the levels of serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100β proteins were determined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The t test or one-way ANOVA was used to assess overall differences among groups for each of the variables,followed by Bonferroni test for multiple comparisons.Pearson method was used for correlation analysis.Results Compared with the sham operation group at intervals of 1 h,6 h,12 h and 24 h after ROSC,levels of serum S100β and NSE proteins were significantly increased in rats of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,the expressions of HIF-1 α mRNA,VEGF mRNA and EPO mRNA and their protein levels in rat brain neurons were significantly increased in the control rats (P ＜0.05).Compared with the control group at intervals of 1 h,6 h,12 h and 24 h after ROSC,levels of serum NSE and S100β proteins were significantly decreased in rats of the experiment group (P ＜ 0.05).Whereas,the expressions of HIF-1 α mRNA,VEGF mRNA and EPO mRNA and their protein levels in rat brain neurons were significantly increased in rats of the experiment group (P ＜0.05).HIF-1 α mRNA was positively correlated with EPO mRNA and VEGF mRNAs (r =O.866,P ＜0.05 ; r =0.952,P ＜ O.01).Conclusions The expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α is increased in rat brain cells after ROSC,and β-sodium aescinate up-regulates the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor1 α mRNA and protein levels.The up-regulated expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α improves the resistance of brain cells to ischemia and hypoxia contributing neuronal protection,which might be due to upregulated EPO and VEGF expressions induced by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α.

Objective To investigate the relationships between vascular factors and plaque morphology in the patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS). Methods lntravascular ultrasound(IVUS) was performed on 56 consecutively enrolled patients with ACS. Cytometric bead array for seven vascular factors(sPE,t-PA, MCP-I, IL-8,IL-6,sVCAM-1, and sCD40L) was measured by cytometry. The others biomarkers were tested by ELISA or biochemistry. Differences in bio-factors were compared between vulnerable plaque and non- vulnerable plaque groups, accte myocardial infarction (AMI) and ustable angina (UA) patients, and occurring plaque rupture. The relationship between the parameters of morphology and vascular factors was analyzed. Results There were positive correlations between sVCAM-1sPE, sVCAM-1-sCD40L, sCD40L-sPE, IL-6-IL8,IL8-MCP4, and MCPI-sVCAM-1; CRP (18.868±4.907mg/L vs 5.806±3.553 mg/L)and IL-6 (19.5 pg/ml [9.2±44.6 pg/ml]vs 5.3 pg/ml [2.3～ 13.4 pg/ml])were elevated in the vulnerable plaque group(P <0.05). sCD40L(473.82±126.11 vs 237.94±34.78 pg/mi),sPE (107.214±39.90 vs 49.06±5.61 μg/L) and MCP-1(132.42±17.85 vs 127.174±13.27 pg/ml) were increased in the plaque rupture group(P < 0.05);There was correlation between tPA and plaque morphology(P < 0.05). Increases in sCD40L, MCP-1, sPE, and TC were independent factors for plaque rupture. Conclusions IL-6 and CRP may be biomarkers for vulnerable plaque and for diagnosis ofAMI, sCD40L, MCP-1 and sPE are potential markers when for plaque rupture patient present with severe ACS.

Amifostine ; pharmacology ; Anemia, Aplastic ; chemically induced ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Animals ; Benzene ; toxicity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Male ; Mice

Objective:To analyze the clinical features, treatment and prognosis of asymptomatic patients with retinoblastoma.Methods:A retrospective series of case study. Eight asymptomatic patients (11 eyes) with the diagnosis of retinoblastoma by screening enrolled in Department of Ophthalmology of The Eye-ENT Hospital of Fudan University from January 2006 to March 2019 were included. There were 6 males and 3 females ranging from 2 days to 20 months, with a median age of 6 months. Five patients were unilateral retinoblastoma while 3 patients were bilateral. Based on the International Classification of Intraocular Retinoblastoma, 4 eyes were stage A, 3 eyes were stage B and 4 eyes were stage C. One patient had family history. Four patients were evaluated the Rb1 mutation. Routine ophthalmic examinations and ultra-wide field fundus imaging were performed on the 16 parents and 3 siblings of the 8 patients. Systemic intravenous chemotherapy was performed using the Carboplatin, Vincristine, Etoposide protocol, intra-arterial chemotherapy using Carboplatin and Melphalan, and local treatment involved cryotherapy and transpupillary thermotherapy. The mean follow-up time is 47.25 months.Results:None of the 8 children had any ocular symptoms. Six patients received intravenous chemotherapy (5-6 times), 1 patient received intra-arterial chemotherapy (3 times), and 1 patient just received local treatment. Among the 11 eyes, 9 eyes were treated with local cryotherapy and 8 eyes were treated with transpupillary thermotherapy. During the follow-up period, 2 patients had new tumor, and the average time was 6.3 months after the last chemotherapy. At the last follow-up, the tumor disappeared in 11 eyes, remained stable in 11 eyes. The eye protection rate was 100% (8/8) for patients without eyeball excision. The best corrected visual acuity was 0.1 for 3 eyes and 1.0 for 5 eyes. Three eyes were not found. One heterozygous mutation of Rb1 gene [1c.35_69del (p.T12fs)] was identified in 1 patient, and the other 3 patients were not detected. One had bilateral bulbar tuberculosis of the 16 parents, 1 had bilateral RB of the 3 siblings. They were the mother and brother of a child with bilateral RB.Conclusions:Fundus screening is helpful for the detection of early RB. The eye protection rate is high and the long-term vision prognosis is good after systemic or topical chemical drugs (IVC, IAC) and ocular topical treatment (cryopreservation and transpupillary thermotherapy).

Objective To explore the relationship of the level of serum selenium and infantile diarrhea,provide foundation for establishing the therapeutic criteria.Methods Seventy-eight diarrhea children was enrolled in this study,6 -24 months old.Thirty children with acute diarrhea (AD group),26 children with persistent diarrhea (PD group) and 22 children with chronic diarrhea (CD group).The level of serum selenium was measured and compared with another 30 healthy children (control group) of matched sex and age.The level of serum selenium of CD group was compared before and after the recovery.Results The level of serum selenium in AD group and PD group had no significant difference compared with control group [ (51.34 ± 4.84),(48.14 ± 3.05 ) μ g/L vs.(55.08 ± 5.59 ) μ g/L ] (P＞0.05 ).But the level of serum selenium in CD group was significantly lower than that in control group [ (42.13 ± 5.16) μ g/L vs.(55.08 ±5.59) μg/L] (P＜0.05).After treatment for 1 month,the level of serum selenium in CD group was significantly increased than before treatment [ (53.76 ± 8.38 ) μ g/L vs.(42.13 ± 5.16) μ g/L ] (P＜0.05 ).Conclusions The nosogenesis of chronic diarrhea may relate with the level of serum selenium decrease.Therapeutic selenium supplement is important in children with chronic diarrhea.

BackgroundThe study of myopia development is always the hotspot worldwide. Recently,scientist found that some growth factor secreted by retinal nerve epithelium cells and retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)cells are associated with the development of myopia. Whenever, the absorption of RPE cells to different wave-length lights is different. ObjectiveThis study was to investigate the effects of different wave-lengths lights on the proliferation of human RPE cells, and explore the influence of different wave-lengths lights on RPE cells secreting hepatocyte growth factor(HGF) ,basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β).Methods The fourth to fifth passages of human embryonic RPE cells were exposed to blue light( λ =480 nm),red light( λ =775 nm) and white light. The cells of control group were harvested in normal condition. The proliferation and growth of RPE cells were assayed by MTT,and the ultrastructure of cells was examined under the transmission electron microscopy at 48 hours after light exposure of RPE cells. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was adopted to determine the concentrations of HGF,bFGF and TGF-β in the culture medium in 12,24,48,72 hours. The expression of HGF mRNA in RPE cells was detected by RT-PCR. This study was approved by Ethic committee of Fudan University. ResultsThe A490 values of the cells exposed to blue light,red light,white light and white light were 0. 0218±0. 0014 ;0. 0353±0. 0025 ;0. 0371 ±0. 0024 and 0. 0445 +0. 0046 respectively with the significant difference among 4 groups ( F =12. 579, P＜0.05 ), and A490 value in blue light group, red light group were significantly lower than that of the control group ( t =2.043 ; t =2.024, P＜0.05 ). ELISA showed that the concentrations of HGF and TGF-β in culture medium were evidently elevated as the prolongation of light exposure in various light exposure groups in 72 hours(HGF) and 48 hours(TGF-β) compared with 12 hours with a predominating rise in the control group. The statistically significant differences were found in the concentrations of HGF and TGF-β between control group and blue light group or red light group in the( all P＜0. 05 ). The bFGF level was decreased with the time increase of various light exposure with the significant differences in 72 hours compared with 12 hours( P＜0.05 ). RT-PCR revealed the considerable difference about expression of HGF mRNA in RPE cells among these four groups( P＜0. 05 ), and the lest expression in HGF mRNA was in the blue light group compared with control group( t =3. 972,P＜0.05 ). Thinning of the chromatin, decreasing of organelle and loss of cellular membrane were seen in the blue light group, but no obvious change of ultrastructure of human embryo RPE cells was found in the ret and white light groups. ConclusionsThe irradiation of different wave-length light can effect the growth and proliferation and secretion of HGF,bFGF and TGFβ in human RPE cells in vitro,implying myopia formation is associated to exposure of different wave-length light.

0.05).The average rate of three times NI prevalence surveys was 5.23% and that of NI prospective overall(monitoring) method in the same months was 6.60%,the statistical difference between them was found(P