Objective To discuss the influence of dental occlusion on mandibular movements. The characteristic tracings of mandibular movements at the condyle of unilateral posterior crossbite patients were investigated using a computerized axiography. The differences between patients with normal occlusion and unilateral posterior crossbite were compared by some recordings of condylar movements in three dimensions. Methods Seven unilateral posterior crossbite patients (at least two posterior teeth were crossbite) were chosen as experiment group, and five with normal occlusion without signs or symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) were chosen as controls. By computer-aided axiography (CADIAX) and gamma dental software for windows 2.3.2.22 (GDSW) from Grbh company (Germany), the tracings of condylar movements in right and left parasagittal planes during opening/closing were recorded, and the data were input into the computer and analyzed using GDSW software. The drifts in X, Y and Z coordinated with condylar movements, respectively, and the transverse condylar inclination from the orbital axis line and the horizontal condylar inclination were calculated, respectively. Results The lengths of the axiographical in opening/closing movement were significantly shorter in the experiment group than that in normal occlusion group; the bilateral condylar tracing of opening/closing movement was symmetric in younger cases but asymmetric in older cases; the lateral deviation of opening/closing movement was significantly larger in unilateral posterior crossbite than that in control group. Conclusion The condylar tracings of envelope of movement in unilateral posterior crossbite patients are significantly different in the patients with normal occlusion. With age increasing, tracings of the affected side and contralateral side vary from symmetry to asymmetry. The results suggest that the functional opening movements are limited in the patients with the unilateral posterior crossbite.

The association between psychogenic illness and human endogenous viruses (HEVs), including human endogenous retrovirus and Borna disease virus, remains unclear. As the component of human genome, HEVs may become the joint of various pathogenic factors of schizophrenia (SZ), such as heredity, environment, and immunity. In this review, we strive to uncover the clinical and laboratory evidence for the roles and possible pathogenic mechanism of HEVs in the development of SZ.
Animals ; Environment ; Humans ; Schizophrenia ; etiology ; genetics ; immunology ; virology ; Viruses ; genetics

Objective To develop a model of be nzene induced aplastic anemia in mice and to observe pathology of aplastic anemi a induced by benzene;Methods we tried to establish a model of benzene induced aplastic anemia in mice,then we studied pathology of aplastic anemia and the pr evention of amifostine on the model.(1) CD1 male mice were injected subcutaneou sly with benzene +corn oil three times a week,and randomly assigned to four gro ups according to the dose of benzene administrated:B1group(0.5ml/kg),B2group( 1.0ml/kg),B3group(1.5ml/kg),B4 group(2.0ml/kg),C group (injected intraperi toneally with 200mg/kg amifostine 30min before benzene administrated on the basi s of the aplastic anemia model as amifostine treated group),while A group treat ed with only corn oil as control,all the groups were complement with corn oil t o 4ml/kg;Before and 2 days after benzene were administrated 10,15,20 and 25 t imes respectively,all the groups mice were killed respectively ,the parameters tested were as following:general condition,peripheral blood smear,histopatho logy of bone marrow 、liver,spleen and PCNA,TUNEL.Results Compared with the control group,some parameters were changed in each model group,but only the pa rameters in B4 group were significantly different from the control group.After 25 times of benzene administration,compared with the control group (A group),B4 group mice showed 18.51% body and 63.86% spleen weight loss (P

Amifostine ; pharmacology ; Anemia, Aplastic ; chemically induced ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Animals ; Benzene ; toxicity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Male ; Mice

0.05).The average rate of three times NI prevalence surveys was 5.23% and that of NI prospective overall(monitoring) method in the same months was 6.60%,the statistical difference between them was found(P

Microglial cells are the resident immune cells of brain. The activated microglia produces a range of deleterious substances, which plays an important role in the inflammation of post-stroke, such as superoxide, nitric oxide, matrix metalloproteinases, etc. The activa-tion of microglia may involve triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1, Toll-like receptors 4, peroxisome proliferator-activated re-ceptors, purinergic receptors, etc. Intervention targeted to microglial receptor is becoming a new strategy for ischemic stroke.

BackgroundThe study of myopia development is always the hotspot worldwide. Recently,scientist found that some growth factor secreted by retinal nerve epithelium cells and retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)cells are associated with the development of myopia. Whenever, the absorption of RPE cells to different wave-length lights is different. ObjectiveThis study was to investigate the effects of different wave-lengths lights on the proliferation of human RPE cells, and explore the influence of different wave-lengths lights on RPE cells secreting hepatocyte growth factor(HGF) ,basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β).Methods The fourth to fifth passages of human embryonic RPE cells were exposed to blue light( λ =480 nm),red light( λ =775 nm) and white light. The cells of control group were harvested in normal condition. The proliferation and growth of RPE cells were assayed by MTT,and the ultrastructure of cells was examined under the transmission electron microscopy at 48 hours after light exposure of RPE cells. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was adopted to determine the concentrations of HGF,bFGF and TGF-β in the culture medium in 12,24,48,72 hours. The expression of HGF mRNA in RPE cells was detected by RT-PCR. This study was approved by Ethic committee of Fudan University. ResultsThe A490 values of the cells exposed to blue light,red light,white light and white light were 0. 0218±0. 0014 ;0. 0353±0. 0025 ;0. 0371 ±0. 0024 and 0. 0445 +0. 0046 respectively with the significant difference among 4 groups ( F =12. 579, P＜0.05 ), and A490 value in blue light group, red light group were significantly lower than that of the control group ( t =2.043 ; t =2.024, P＜0.05 ). ELISA showed that the concentrations of HGF and TGF-β in culture medium were evidently elevated as the prolongation of light exposure in various light exposure groups in 72 hours(HGF) and 48 hours(TGF-β) compared with 12 hours with a predominating rise in the control group. The statistically significant differences were found in the concentrations of HGF and TGF-β between control group and blue light group or red light group in the( all P＜0. 05 ). The bFGF level was decreased with the time increase of various light exposure with the significant differences in 72 hours compared with 12 hours( P＜0.05 ). RT-PCR revealed the considerable difference about expression of HGF mRNA in RPE cells among these four groups( P＜0. 05 ), and the lest expression in HGF mRNA was in the blue light group compared with control group( t =3. 972,P＜0.05 ). Thinning of the chromatin, decreasing of organelle and loss of cellular membrane were seen in the blue light group, but no obvious change of ultrastructure of human embryo RPE cells was found in the ret and white light groups. ConclusionsThe irradiation of different wave-length light can effect the growth and proliferation and secretion of HGF,bFGF and TGFβ in human RPE cells in vitro,implying myopia formation is associated to exposure of different wave-length light.

0.05). In the group of pirenzepine, the RBF, velocity and volume significantly increased at 0.5 h and 1 h after injection compared with that before injection (P0.05). Conclusion These results suggest that pirenzepine could increase RBF and oxygen in blood with the peak time at 0.5 h and 1 h after intravitreous injection.

Objective To explore the relationship of the level of serum selenium and infantile diarrhea,provide foundation for establishing the therapeutic criteria.Methods Seventy-eight diarrhea children was enrolled in this study,6 -24 months old.Thirty children with acute diarrhea (AD group),26 children with persistent diarrhea (PD group) and 22 children with chronic diarrhea (CD group).The level of serum selenium was measured and compared with another 30 healthy children (control group) of matched sex and age.The level of serum selenium of CD group was compared before and after the recovery.Results The level of serum selenium in AD group and PD group had no significant difference compared with control group [ (51.34 ± 4.84),(48.14 ± 3.05 ) μ g/L vs.(55.08 ± 5.59 ) μ g/L ] (P＞0.05 ).But the level of serum selenium in CD group was significantly lower than that in control group [ (42.13 ± 5.16) μ g/L vs.(55.08 ±5.59) μg/L] (P＜0.05).After treatment for 1 month,the level of serum selenium in CD group was significantly increased than before treatment [ (53.76 ± 8.38 ) μ g/L vs.(42.13 ± 5.16) μ g/L ] (P＜0.05 ).Conclusions The nosogenesis of chronic diarrhea may relate with the level of serum selenium decrease.Therapeutic selenium supplement is important in children with chronic diarrhea.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics and risk factors of nosocomial infection(NI) in patients with hematological malignancies(HM),and provide the bases for making the controlling measures of NI.METHODS Using the targeted monitoring to study NI in patients with HM,and recording 14 factors such as the time of hospitalization,chemotherapy,count of leukocyte and absolute neutrophil count(ANC) and so on.The data were analyzed with unifactorial ?2 test and multifactorial Logistic-regression analysis.RESULTS Among 242 patients with HM the prevalence of NI was 35.5%(86/242) and the prevalence of NI time-cases was 52.9%(128/242).Among 86 patients of NI there were 27 patients occurred multiple sites NI(31.4%).The main infection sites were upper respiratory tract,gastrointestinal tract,lower respiratory tract,oral cavity and blood.66.7% Of NI happened in the period of chemotherapy and 7 days after chemotherapy.The time of hospitalization and ANC were independent risk factors of NI in patients with HM.CONCLUSIONS The patients with HM are susceptible population of NI,and NI often occurs in the period of chemotherapy and 7 days after chemotherapy.So medical staff should strengthen monitoring,and shorten the time of patient hospitalization and of recovery of ANC to reduce the prevalence of NI efficiently.