Intracompartmental pressure of leg was measured by the slit catheter technique in one hundred fifty compartments of one hundred cases; fifty were from healthy young male adults, the others were from tibial fractured patients during three years from March 1983 to Fobruary 1986. The results were as follows; 1. Slit-catheter technique was found as a accurate method for continuous pressure monitoring. 2. The range of normal pressure was from zero to six millimeters of mercury(1.45mmHg±0.85). 3. Tissue pressure was 0–15mmHg(4.03mmHg±1.83) in unaffected side of fractured patients, 4–35mmHg(14.65mmHg±2.05) in affected side of fractured patients.
Adult ; Catheters ; Clinical Study ; Humans ; Leg ; Male ; Methods

It is generally accepted that the integrity of posterior cruciate ligament plays a major role in knee stability. The rotatory movement is around a point to the back of center of joint where the posterior cruciate ligament lies, and it is a structure which is just as important as the other ligaments. Methods of reconstruction have been described, using semitendinosus tendon, gracilis tendon, popliteus tendon, patellar tendon, iliotibial band, and medial meniscus. We have successfully used the semitendinosus tendon in two patients who sustained neglected rupture of posterior cruciate ligament.
Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Ligaments ; Menisci, Tibial ; Patellar Ligament ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; Rupture ; Tendons

Among multple injured patients, the incidence of head injuries combined with long bone fracture is high. In adults who present with long bone fracture and concomitant head injury, the exuberant callus at fracture site was formed. The authors analyzed 26 cases of lower extremity fracure with severe head injury from January 1987 to December 1988. For the control group, we analyzed each 20 patients of only femur and tibia fractures. The results of this study are as follows:1. The mean age of experimental and control group were 38.4 yrs old and 40.1 yrs old, respectively. The sex ratio between male and female of experimental and control group were 2.3:1 and 2.7:1, respectively. 2. The initial level of consciousness by Glasgow coma scale was mild impairement 12%, moderate impairement 65% and severe impairement 23%. 3. Serum calium and phosphate level were no specific difference between the head injury with lower extremity fractured patients and only lower extremity fractured patients, but there was increment of serum alkaline phosphatase level on post-trauma 1 month in head injury cases. 4. The pattern of callus formation in experimental group was different compared with control group. 5. The formation of callus was exuberant in the severe head iniury with femur fracture. 6. In experimental group, there was evidence of early bony union time compared with control group, but there was no statistical significance (p<0.05). In conclusion, the callus formation was exuberant in the head injury with femur fractured patient, there was different healing response compared with control group.
Adult ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Bony Callus ; Consciousness ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Extremities ; Female ; Femur ; Fractures, Bone ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Sex Ratio ; Tibia

Rectovagianl fistula(RVF) is a congenital or acquired communication between the two epithelial-lined surface of the rectum and the vagina. We present our experience with 62 patients with RVF. There were various etiologies and repair methods of rectovaginal fistula. The purpose of this study was to retospectively review the clinical course of the patients we treated and to evaluate the efficacy of various treatment options. The mean age was 40.5 yr, The type of RVF was classified to one of two(simple and complex), according to their location, size and etiology. RVF was developed most commonly after radiotherapy due to cervical cancer(n=17), then after pelvic surgery due to malignancy(n=16), obstetric trauma after episiotomy at delivery(n=7), congenital malformation(n=4), inflammatory bowel disease(n=1), Bechet's disease(n=1), infections such as perianal fistula or abscess(n=2), direct invasion of carcinoma(n=3), after chemotherapy(n=1), and idiopathic(n=6). Three cases of them associated with rectovesicovaginal fistula. Surgical therapeutic option was divided to local repair, abdominal approach and tissue transposition by the type of RVF. Most simple RVFs were repaired with local approach through the vagina or rectum. Most complex RVFs were repaired through abdominal approach or tissue transposition. With an average follow up of 20 months, the treatment results were as follows: completely healed(n=36, 58.1%), persistent symptom(n=6, 9.7%), recurrence after repair(n=5, 8.1%), loss of search or death(n=15, 24.1%). Therefore we assist that the management of RVF depends on size, location, and cause. anal sphincter function and overall health status of the patient. Careful preoperative assessment of the fistula, surrounding tissues, and anal sphincter and exclusion of associated disease are essential. With through evaluation, thoughtful consideration of treatment options, and meticulous operative technique, patient can be assured of an optimal outcome.
Anal Canal ; Episiotomy ; Female ; Fistula ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Radiotherapy ; Rectovaginal Fistula* ; Rectum ; Recurrence ; Vagina

No abstract available.
Knee Joint* ; Knee* ; Tuberculosis*

OBJECTIVE: To report the prevalence of lupus anticoagulants and anticardiolipin antibodies in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion and infertility. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Lupus anticoagulants and anticardiolipin antibodies were analyzed by Diluted Russell's Viper Venom Test (DRVVT) and solid phase enzyme immunoassay, respectively. RESULTS: In 200 patients with infertility, there were 6 cases (3%) with positive lupus anticoagulants or anticardiolipin antibodies. Of these, 3 patients (1.5%) showed positive lupus anticoagulants and anticardiolipin antibodies, respectively. In 120 patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion, there were 13 cases (10.8%) of positive lupus anticoagulants or anticardiolipin antibodies. Of these, one patient (1%) showed lupus anticoagulants and 12 patients (10%) showed anticardiolipin antibodies. But in two groups, there was no cases with positive lupus anticoagulants and anticardiolipin antibodies. CONCLUSION: Lupus anticoagulants and anticardiolipin antibodies are definite cause of recurrent spontaneous abortion. There has been a speculation that they might be associated with infertility and repeated IVF failures. But it was found that the role of lupus anticoagulants and anticardiolipin antibodies in these cases are not clear.
Abortion, Spontaneous* ; Antibodies, Anticardiolipin* ; Anticoagulants* ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Infertility* ; Pregnancy ; Prevalence ; Russell's Viper ; Venoms

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to compare the PET and CT findings for patients with a pulmonary lymphangitic metastasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the PET and CT findings of seven patients diagnosed with a pulmonary lymphangitic metastasis between May 2005 and May 2007. RESULTS: All patients had interstitial thickening, as seen on a CT scan, while the PET scans showed abnormal findings in only three patients. In these three patients, one patient had interlobular septal thickening of more than 10, another patient had interlobular septal thickening of more than 5 but less than 10, and another patient had interlobular septal thickening of less than 5. All of the patients had bronchovascular bundle thickening. However, among the four patients that had normal FDG uptake, no patient had interlobular septal thickening of more than 10, two of the patients had interlobular septal thickening of more than 5 but less than 10, and the remaining patients had interlobular septal thickening of less than 5. Only two of the patients had bronchovascular bundle thickening. CONCLUSION: All patients with pulmonary lymphangitic metastasis have typical CT findings, but some of the patients had FDG uptake, as seen in the PET scans. Thus, CT is a more useful modality for diagnosis for pulmonary lymphangitic metastases.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

A case of foreign body (a piece of wood) in the bladder by penetrating perineal injury was presented in a 13 years old Korean boy and reported with review of literature.
Adolescent ; Foreign Bodies* ; Humans ; Male ; Urinary Bladder*

A Comparative study was retrospectively performed with 374 infants in order to find protective effect of breast feeding for infection. This study shows that breast feeding protect infant against gastrointestinal and respiratory infection. Breast feeding offers advantage by reducing gastraintestinal and respiratory infection when they should maintain breast feeding for at least three months. 1) First year morbidity increased with extent of artificial feeding and was nearly two fold for babies not breast-fed. 2) Prescence of older sibling, low birth weight and male sex are associated with increased morbidity. 3) Infant illness from 0~3 months, 4~6 months, 7~10 months, 11~12 moths was analyzed. Compared with the 108 bottle fed babies, the babies who had been partially (40) or fully (136) breast fed had significantly lower rate of gastrointestinal illness at 7~10 month (p<0.05), 11~12 month (p<0.005) and respiratory illness at 7~10 month (p<0.05). 4) Between the early weaning group (90) and the bottle group (108) showed no siggnificant difference. 5) Among the babies observed throughout the first year of life, 35 (9%) and 46 (12) were admitted to hospital with gastrointestinal and respiratory infection. Babies who were breast fed for more than 3 month had significant lower rate for hospital admission due to gastrointestinal and respiratory infection when compared with bottle fed babies. Breast feeding durning more than 3 month of life confers protection against gastrointestinal and respiratory infection.
Breast Feeding* ; Breast* ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Moths ; Nutritional Support ; Retrospective Studies ; Siblings ; Weaning

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the factors associated with symptoms from job stress among Korean dental laboratory technicians. METHODS: We collected the data of 786 technicians for life-style, job stressor, social support, self-esteem, personality, and various dimension of stress symptoms included roomatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, and hostility by self-administerd questionnaire. Global severity index of dental technician (GSID) was calculated by total sum of sub-dimension. RESULTS: We used 80 percentile as a cut-off point, and got the 81.5 % of sensitivity, 86.1 % of specificity by receiver operating characteristic curve. The odds ratios of various factors in high group of GSID compared with low group were 1,49(95 % Cl 1.00-2.00) for smoker, 1,53 (1.06-2.21) for unhealthy group, 6,69 (4.74-9.44) for work overload, 8.34(5.82-11.97) for work demand, 9.89 (6.76-74.94) for work process, 8.27 (5.80-11,79) for work environment, 5.82 (4.04-8.39) for interpersonal relationship, 8.34 (5.82-11.97) for occupational conflict, 5.70 (4.04-8.04) for labor remuneration, 7.58 (5.37-10.71) for role conflict, but 0.39 (0.27-0.57) for social support, 0.41 (0.29-0.60) for self-esteem. By multiple logistic regression, factors were significantly associated with GSID were age, working area, role overload, work demand, work procedure, physical environment, occupational conflict, role conflict, social support, personality traits. CONCLUSIONS: Factors associated with symptoms from stress were role overload, work demand, work procedure, occupational conflict, interpersonal relationship, labor remuneration and role conflict in Korean dental laboratory technicians. It is suggested that health promotion program to reduce job stress and to enforce social support and self-esteem should be developed.
Anxiety ; Dental Technicians ; Depression ; Health Promotion ; Hostility ; Humans ; Laboratories, Dental* ; Logistic Models ; Odds Ratio ; Questionnaires ; Remuneration ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity