No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae* ; Mycoplasma* ; Pneumonia* ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma*

A myolipoma is an extremely rare benign neoplasm, occurring most frequently in adults in the deep soft tissue of the abdomen or retroperitoneum. We experienced a case of an anal myolipoma occurring in a 30-year-old woman, and it was surgically resected. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a myolipoma arising from the anus, so such a possibility needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis.
Abdomen ; Adult ; Anal Canal ; Angiomyolipoma ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Endocrine Cells* ; Gastrointestinal Tract* ; Goats*

No abstract available.
Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Light

Adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder is Characterized by hyperplastic changes including overgrowth of the mucosa, thickening of the muscle wall, and intramural diverticula, crypts, or sinus tracts(Rokitaasky-Aschoff sinuses). The main diagnostic test for the detection of this disease is oral cholecystography but it's use is being decreased. Recently, Ultrasound, ERCP, and CT have been used for diagnosis. We present a report of case in whom ademomyomatosis of gallbladder was disgnosed on ultrasound and ERCP and confirmed by surgery. The essential feactures of ultrasound and ERCP diagnosis are discussed.
Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Cholecystography ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Diverticulum ; Gallbladder* ; Mucous Membrane ; Ultrasonography

An experimental ischemic model in cats is described in which we have attempted to produce acute cerebral ischemia by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery(MCA) through the orbit. The main objectives of this experiment were:to observe the effect of thiopental in the tophographic distribution of infarct;the size of the infarct;histological changes of ischemic nerve cells following occlusion of a major cerebral artery;to investigate the best timing of the administration and dosage of thiopental after the occlusion. 80 adult cats weighing 2.7 to 4.0kg, were used in this study. The components of the pathophysiological responses, systemic changes, cerebral infarct size and histopathological ischemic neuronal changes were studid in these groups of animals. We observed the protective effect of the thiopental on acute focal cerebral ischemia in 40 cats by effecting permanent occlusion of MCA. The EEG was monitored continuously using bifrontal electrodes from the time of administration of thiopental(10mg/kg). The animals were divided into 4 groups of 20 cats each. The 4 different groups were used to investigate the effects of thiopental on focal ischemia according to different time interval. The time intervals were 6 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours after occlusion of MCA. Each animal group were divided into two groups, which one was control(n=10) the other, thiopental treated group(n=10). The results obtained were as follows: 1) Blood gases, artrial pressure, body temperature, and intracranial pressure differed among groups only as follows: (a) Normal blood pressure was maintained but pulse rate was slightly fast in each control group. (b) Blood pressure and pulse rate in the thiopental treated groups were significantly lower than in the control groups. In the thiopental treated groups, the value of PaO2 was significantly higher than control groups, however, PaCO2 was not significantly higher in the thiopental treated groups as compared to the control group. 2) In the control groups, severe contralateral hemiplegia(grade III) developed in the early stage of MCA occlusion, however the neurological deficit progressively improved to the state of abnormal climbing(neurological grade II) 48 hours to 72 hours after the occlusion. In the thiopental treated groups, minimum to mild neurological deficit significantly developed in the early stage of MCA occlusion and in one case walking ability was regained. 3) The size and distribution of the infarct significantly decreased to 60% in the thiopental treated groups(p<0.01). The value of the size of the size of the infarct in the thiopental treated groups 72 hours after occlusion was minimized to 0.3+/-0.6%(p<0.01). In 80 percent of the control group cases severe extensive ischemic neuronal damage(score 3 or 4), was observed, 70 percent in the thiopental treated groups showed mild ischemic nerve cell changes(score 1 or 2) when the histological examination was given. Although the severity of the ischemic neuronal damage was gradually improved from 6 hours to 72 hours after occlusion of the MCA in the control, the thiopental treated group was not significantly affected to the time factor. 4) Significantly reduction of experimentally induced acute focal cerebral ischemia was associated in the cat model with the administration of thiopental at 5 minute, 30 minute, and one hour postocclusion. Also we have defined the best barbiturate, best does, and best timing of administration to protect the acute focal ischemia.
Adult ; Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Body Temperature ; Brain Ischemia ; Cats ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Electrodes ; Electroencephalography ; Gases ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Intracranial Pressure ; Ischemia ; Middle Cerebral Artery* ; Neurons ; Orbit ; Thiopental* ; Time Factors ; Walking

OBJECTIVES: Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a syndrome defined as the cessation of ovarian function before the age of 40 years that is characterized by amenorrhoea associated with elevated gonadotropin levels. The aim of this study was to compare clinical manifestation of primary amenorrhea and secondary amenorrhea group. METHODS: This study was designed as a retrospective multicenter study of 262 women with premature ovarian failure. Sixty eight women with primary amenorrhea and 194 women with secondary amenorrhea were evaluated and hormonal level, lipid profile, bone mineral density, and pregnancy rates were compared. RESULTS: The estradiol level was markedly lower in primary amenorrhea than secondary amenorrhea. The pregnancy rate of 43.3% before the diagnosis in secondary amenorrhea was markedly higher than the rate of 0% in primary amenorrhea. The pregnancy rates after treatment was 5.9% in primary amenorrhea, but 1.0% after diagnosis and 2.8% after treatment in secondary amenorrhea. The pregnancy rate after hormonal treatment was 3.7% in total, 8.3% in primary amenorrhea, and 2.8% in secondary amenorrhea. In nine cases of pregnancy, seven cases were after estrogen-progestin (EP), one case was after clomiphene citrate and one case was after EP/human menopausal gonodotropin (hMG). And In nine cases of pregnancy, six cases resulted from oocyte donation. The prevalence of osteopenia/osteoporosis was markedly higher in primary amenorrhea than in secondary amenorrhea. CONCLUSION: Premature ovarian failure has negative influences on the physical and psychological health of young patients. Effective management should include earlier diagnosis and intensive medical intervention to relieve symptoms of estrogen deficiency and to treat long-term disease such as osteoporosis and in assisted pregnancy by oocyte donation.
Amenorrhea ; Bone Density ; Clomiphene ; Estradiol ; Estrogens ; Female ; Gonadotropins ; Humans ; Oocyte Donation ; Osteoporosis ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Prevalence ; Primary Ovarian Insufficiency ; Retrospective Studies

There have been few case reports on giant sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA). We report a case of a giant unruptured right coronary SVA that was confused with a pericardial cyst by transthoracic echocardiography.
Aneurysm ; Aortic Aneurysm ; Coronary Sinus ; Echocardiography ; Mediastinal Cyst ; Sinus of Valsalva

There have been few case reports on giant sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA). We report a case of a giant unruptured right coronary SVA that was confused with a pericardial cyst by transthoracic echocardiography.
Aneurysm ; Aortic Aneurysm ; Coronary Sinus ; Echocardiography ; Mediastinal Cyst ; Sinus of Valsalva

BACKGROUND: Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are excellent candidates for biomedical imaging because of unique characteristics like enhanced colloidal stability and excellent in vivo biocompatibility. Over the last decade, material scientists have developed IONPs with better imaging and enhanced optical absorbance properties by tuning their sizes, shape, phases, and surface characterizations. Since IONPs could be detected with magnetic resonance imaging, various attempts have been made to combine other imaging modalities, thereby creating a high-resolution imaging platform. Composite IONPs (CIONPs) comprising IONP cores with polymeric or inorganic coatings have recently been documented as a promising modality for therapeutic applications. METHODS: In this review, we provide an overview of the recent advances in CIONPs for multimodal imaging and focus on the therapeutic applications of CIONPs. RESULTS: CIONPs with phototherapeutics, IONP-based nanoparticles are used for theranostic application via imaging guided photothermal therapy. CONCLUSION: CIONP-based nanoparticles are known for theranostic application, longstanding effects of composite NPs in in vivo systems should also be studied. Once such issues are fixed, multifunctional CIONP-based applications can be extended for theranostics of diverse medical diseases in the future.
Colloids ; Iron ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Multimodal Imaging ; Nanoparticles ; Optical Imaging ; Polymers ; Theranostic Nanomedicine ; Ultrasonography