The purpose of this is to understand the aspect of human spirituality and its general meaning to nursing practice. This conceptual analysis has been defined thus : 1) spirituality is a basic human attribute 2) spirituality gives meaning to life 3) spirituality is a relationship between the omnipotent and the supernatural. Spirituality assumes these : 1) all human beings possess a spiritual nature 2) it is the source of human power 3) it assumes mutual relationship between the individual and others 4) conviction etc. And the result of spirituality leads to : 1) petition 2) peacefulness 3) hope 4) love between the self and the surrounding others and etc. The experience of the spirituality refers to the relationship between the self, others, and with the environment as well as the relationship with God. And that positive and assertive mentality and attitude will result in a desirable spiritual relationship between the caregiver(the nurse and the receiver.
Hope ; Humans ; Love ; Nursing ; Spirituality*

This study explored the variables to influence the stress of the family caregivers providing care for the hospitalized elderly. The subjects for this study were 104 family caregivers selected from the caregivers in the in patient departments of two major medical centers in Jeonju city. Data were collected from December 18th to 27th, 1995 using a Liker Scale Questionnaire and interview. Data analyses included percentage, mean, standard deviation, t and F-test. Results were following: 1. The mean of this sample is 21.48, and the standard deviation is +/-5.64 in the perceived stress. The major variables to influence on the stress of caregivers for the hospitalized elderly were the stay (16-24hrs/day) in hospital (F=7.99, P=0.006), no other helpers (t=-2.56, P=.012), perceiving severely on illness (F=3.90, P=.0232) perceiving moderately on physical health status (F=6.20, P=.0029). 2. Regarding the perceived social support of the family caregivers, the higher support the group perceived the lower stress (F=3.54, P=.0326).
Aged* ; Caregivers* ; Humans ; Jeollabuk-do ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Statistics as Topic

We observed the patients admitted to the department of pediatrics of Seoul Red Cross Hospital during the past twenty years form Jan. 1971 to Dec. 1990. The results were as follows: 1) The total number of pediatric inpatients during 20 years was 15,800, of which 9,683 were male, 6,117 were female and male to female ratio was 1.58:1. 2) On age distribution, neonates and infants less than 1 year of age were 6,224 cases (39.4%). 3) Monthly distribution of the inpatients showed the highest incidence in October. 4) Infectious and parasitic diseases were 4,759 cases (30.1%) and respiratory tract diseases, 3,556 cases (22.5%) and disease of these two group occupied more than one half of total admission. 5) Major 10 leading causes of hospitalization were diarrheal disease (14.2%), convulsion (7.0%), acute bronchiolitis (6.8%), pneumonia, tuberculosis, URI, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, prematurity and low birth weight infant, acute glomerulonephritis and laryngitis in the order of frequency. 6) There was marked decrease in the number of the admitted patients with typhoid fever, bacillary dysentery, tuberculous meningitis, hepatitis, pyogenic meningitis, rheumatic fever, and acute glomerulonephritis. But the patients with URI, bronchial asthma, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and Kawasaki disease have increased.
Age Distribution ; Asthma ; Bronchiolitis ; Dysentery, Bacillary ; Female ; Glomerulonephritis ; Hepatitis ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Inpatients ; Laryngitis ; Male ; Meningitis ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; Parasitic Diseases ; Pediatrics ; Pneumonia ; Red Cross ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; Rheumatic Fever ; Seizures ; Seoul ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal ; Typhoid Fever

PURPOSE: This descriptive correlation study was done to investigate adolescent behavior that promotes health and to identify factors influencing this behavior. METHOD: The participants (702) were a conveniently selected sample of second grade high school students. Data were gathered by self-administered questionnaires and the collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression with the SPSS program. RESULTS: 1) The score for health-promotion behavior was 2.49 (total possible score = 4). By subcategories, emotional support was the highest (3.02). 2) Of the factors influencing health-promotion behavior, self-efficacy was found to account for 37.5% of the variance, followed by family function, social support, perceived health status and internal health locus of control. Overall, these factors accounted for 50.6% of the variance. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study showed that health-promotion behavior in adolescents was slightly above average. As self-efficacy and family function were identified as major factors in predicting health-promotion behavior, there is a need to consider interventions that will improve self-efficacy and family function.
Adolescent Behavior ; Adolescent* ; Humans ; Internal-External Control ; Statistics as Topic ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Chorionic Gonadotropin* ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Humans*

No abstract available.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Humans ; Statistics as Topic*

No abstract available.
Hypertension, Renovascular*

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the trends in domestic and foreign studies on the various effects of parental phubbing behavior on adolescent children. Methods: This scoping review was conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) protocol. Literature published in five foreign databases and four domestic databases was searched. Two researchers independently reviewed and selected the literature, and the extracted data included the author, publication year, country of study, research methodology, study participants, independent variables and tools used, dependent variables, and influencing factors. Results: A total of 575 articles were identified, and 43 articles were finally included in the analysis. The publication years ranged from 2018 to 2022, and most studies were cross-sectional studies. The dependent variables were broadly classified into cognitive-behavioral, psychological, and social variables, with smartphone addiction and depression being the most commonly reported. Conclusion This study represents a significant attempt to investigate the trends in domestic and foreign research on the effects of parental phubbing on adolescent children, and is expected to be utilized as a foundation for developing programs to promote mental health, including interpersonal relationships for adolescents.

PURPOSE: The staging of bladder carcinoma is a major determinant of operative management. CT of bladder carcinoma has been widely used to diagnose external extension (pT3b and over), but tumors confined to the bladder wall (from pT1 to pT3a) are poorly delineated. The authors describe CT findings of the superficial bladder carcinoma (below T1, stage A) in thin section CT with air insufflation technique (air insufflation-CT) to facilitate early detection and to aid correct staging of the superficial bladder carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The materials consisted of proved 24 cases (1'9 patients, single tumor: 16 patients, multiple tumors :3 patients) of stage A bladder carcinomas. Air insufflation-CT was performed by the infusion of approximately 200 mL of air into the bladder via a Foley catheter. After the routine pelvic CT, bladder tumors were re-scanned with 1.5 to 5 mm thickness and intervals. RESULTS: The superficial bladder carcinomas were detected as nodular(5 cases, 20.8%), papillary(15 cases, 62.5%), pyramidal(2 cases, 8.3%), and domed(2 cases, 8.3%) forms on air insufflation CT. These tumors were classified into three types according to the size of the tumoral neck:type I(pedundulated polypold tumor:4 cases, 16.6%), type II(polypid tumor with short neck :13 cases, 54.2%), and type Ill(sessile tumor :7 cases, 29. 2%). The mean size(tumoral width x height x base o, neck/stalk) of the tumors was 22 x 20 x 16mm. The average tumoral sizes according to each type of the superficial tumors were type 1:22 x 25 x 6mm, type 11:23 x 22 x 18mm, and type III :18 x 15 x 18mm. The mean width of the type I--II tumoral necks was 15mm. The mean length of the type I tumoral neck(pedicle) was 2.5mm. Papillary fronds of the tumors were seen in 10 cases(41.7%) of 24 superficial tumors. Outer margin of the involved bladder wall was smooth in all cases. CONCLUSION: Thin-sectin CT with air insufflation technique for bladder carcinoma was useful in tumoral demonstration, and characteristics of the superficial bladder carcinomas were small polypold tumors had a short neck mostly and smooth outer wall of the involved bladder wall.
Catheters ; Humans ; Insufflation* ; Neck ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder*

The current socioeconomic climate has meant more children spend more time alone at home even for dining. This study was performed to characterize modem Korean childrens' food ecology based on mealtime atmosphere. A total of 705 elementary school students, 347 girls and 358 boys took part in the study. They were chosen evenly from the Seoul metropolitan areas, provincial cities, or rural areas, and were asked to fill out a questionnaire. The questionnaire was categorized to determine various factors related to food ecology, life styles, and health related symptoms. The average age of the study subjects was 11.5 years. The average height, weight, body mass index, and Rohrer index were 143.2 cm, 37.6 kg, 18.2 and 127.2 respectively. A significant number of children(39.2%) answered their bed time was between 11 and 12 pm. Only 28.3% answered that the whole family has breakfast together, and 47.7% have dinner together. A considerable number of children, 17.8% for breakfast and 6.9% for dinner, answered they eat alone. Most of the children answered they like to have dinner with the whole family. Half of the children answered they do not feel hungry before having breakfast. Proportions of children for their favorite meal time were 66.8%, and 25.4% and 7.8% for dinner, school lunch, and breakfast respectively. The largest proportions of children, 53.3% and 68.7%, have breakfast and dinner at home. Most of the children(75.2%) never purchase their dinner. Forty two% of the children answered they like school lunch, however, 60% of children answered they leave portions of lunch uneaten occasionally or always. Only 38.0% and 46.2% of the children have nutritionally adequate diet for breakfast and dinner. Children having more meals with the whole family possessed a more positive attitude towards breakfast compared to the children who eat with the whole family less frequently. In conclusion, Korea children are exposed to different health threatening food ecology problems related to changing environments, and consistent concern and support from community nutritionists are required.
Atmosphere ; Body Weight ; Breakfast ; Child* ; Climate ; Diet ; Ecology ; Female ; Humans ; Korea* ; Life Style ; Lunch ; Meals ; Modems ; Nutritionists ; Seoul ; Surveys and Questionnaires