Gastric cancer is the most common malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in Korea. Age-adjusted annual incidence of gastric cancer per 100,000 persons is 62.8 for male and 25.7 for female. The proportion of early gastric cancer among surgically treated gastric cancer patients was 28.6% in 1995, 32.8% in 1999, and 47.4% in 2004. Screening upper endoscopy is quite commonly performed in Korea, and the proportion of early gastric cancer in the screened population is almost 75%. Gastric adenoma is considered to be a very important precancerous lesion. Gastric adenomas are actively treated in Korea, and at least 1/3 of the gastric adenomas with high grade dysplasia show cancerous focus when endoscopically resected. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori is decreasing in Korean population, which may lead to the decreased incidence of gastric cancer in the near future. Paradigms of the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer are rapidly changing in Korea. Efforts to establish robust scientific data for new approaches are strongly required. The proportion of early gastric cancer among all gastric cancers has been and will be more increased in Korea.
Adenoma ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Prevalence ; Stomach Neoplasms

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Ascorbic Acid* ; Lymphocytes* ; Macrophages, Peritoneal* ; Phagocytosis*

Multiple, reticulated, dark brown colored, macules and patches suddenly developed on the fac, and neck of a 48-year-old Korean woman two days after a traffic accident. On physical examination and laboratory tests including serum melanocyte-stimulating hormone, estrogen and progesterone level, no abnormalities were found except cervical pain. Histological examination of hematoxylin-eosin stained sections revealed increased melanin pigmentation in the basal layer, but the number of melanocytes was not changed in DOPA stained section. Topical application of 2% hydroquinone and 20% azelaic acid ointments had been applied successively for two months each without any apparent improvement. Herein we present a case of reticulate hyperpigmentation on the face and neck, which is very acute and whose causative factors are not certain.
Accidents, Traffic ; Dihydroxyphenylalanine ; Estrogens ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation* ; Melanins ; Melanocytes ; Middle Aged ; Neck Pain ; Neck* ; Ointments ; Physical Examination ; Pigmentation ; Progesterone

No abstract available.
Crowns* ; Glass*

Tolerance to contact hypersensitivity was induced by feeding of different DNCB doses in mice. A total of 40 mice were divided into 4 groups(control group, 6 mg feeding group, 10 mg feeding group, 14 mg feeding group) in experiment I, Degree of tolerance to contact hypersensitivity was rneasured by incremert rate of ear swelling after challenge with DNFB. Experiment 2 was performed in the same method of cxperiment: I with addition of 3 mg DNCB feeding group. The increment ratee were significantly decreased in DNCB feeding groups in experirnent 1 and 2(p<0.0l). But there were no differences statisticalIy between increment rates of DNCB feeding groups.
Animals ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Dinitrochlorobenzene* ; Dinitrofluorobenzene ; Ear ; Mice*

The structures forming the shoulder joint are very complex and the biomechanical effects of them on the joint are not clearly lunderstood. Frequently the long head of the biceps brachii muscle is dislocated naturally and it has been said that the supratubercular ridge, the depth, and angle of medial wall of the intertubercular groove are important. And the angles between the long axis of the humerus and the axis of head and neck are important clinically. So the authors studied them in the 105 specimens of the Korean adults humerus. The results are as follows: 1. The complete type of the supratubercular ridge was present in 22.9% and the partial type was in 53.3% 2. If the ridge was present, the spur of the lesser tubercle was present in 67.5% and if not present, the spur was in 8%. 3. The angle of medial wall of the intertubercular groove was variable, and the angle less than 45 was 13.41°. 4. The angles between the long axis of the humerus and the axis of head and neck were much greater in male than female (P<0.05). 5. The average diameter of the head of the humerus was 4.42±0.4cm in male and 4.4±0.4cm in female (P < 0.05).
Adult ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Humerus ; Joints ; Male ; Neck ; Shoulder Joint

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Dual isotope myocardial SPECT, rest thallium-201/dipyridamole stress Tc-99m sestamibi is used to diagnose coronary artery disease. We examined predictive value of myocardial SPECT for the prognosis of patients having or suspected coronary artery disease. MATERIALS AND METHOD: We examined 692 patients referred for dipyridamole stress myocardial perfusion SPECT. Cardiac events (hard and soft events) were followed up with medical record review and telephone interview. Survival analysis and multivariate Cox proportional hazard model were used to find significant predictors and the incremental predictive value of myocardial SPECT. Patients with coronary angiography (n=246) were analyzed in separate group. RESULTS: There were 4 hard events and 3 soft events in 341 normal SPECT group (1.20%/yr). There were 5 hard events and 21 soft events in 351 abnormal SPECT group (4.69%/yr). Survival curve was separated between normal SPECT group and abnormal SPECT group (p<0.01). In univariate analysis, smoking, history of myocardial infarction, typical chest pain and SPECT findings were important variables. In multivariate analysis, SPECT result was the single most independent predictor. Large reversible perfusion abnormality predicted worse prognosis. In patients with coronary angiography, SPECT did not add statistically significant predictive value to the coronary angiography. CONCLUSION: Dipyridamole stress Tl-201/ MIBI dual isotope myocardial perfusion SPECT provided excellent prognostic information. Extent of reversible perfusion decrease was the independent predictor of future cardiac events.
Chest Pain ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Dipyridamole ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Medical Records ; Multivariate Analysis ; Myocardial Infarction ; Perfusion ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

BACKGROUND: Mechanisms of secondary injury (post-ischemic injury) in the central nervous system have cently reported in a vast of amount of experiments. Among many factors which give rise to post-ischemic neuronal damage, glial deterioration probably mediated by calcium paradox, could be another of the aggravating deleterious factars to the already ischemic neurophil. METHODS: Here we have designed experiment to investigate calcium paradox in astroglial cell line, humsn asttocytoma U1242MG. Intracellular calcium alterations in experimental cells were monitored by using calcium indicating dye fura-2 and epifluorescent photometry system. RESULTS: Intracellular free calcium changes during reperfusion phase after exposure to low calcium led to a prampt increase in intracellular calcium level after 10 and 30 minutes. The way of calcium entry during the reperfusion phase was mediated by the revase mode of Na+/Ca(2+) exchanger. Cells that had a reduction of reperfusate calcium to 10 uM increased cell viability. Also we observed an inverse relationship between major enzymatic activity in the astrocytoma cells (i.e., glutamine synthetase activity) and the duration of reperfusion in the the same protocols. CONCLUSIONS: A relatively small amount of intracellular calcium increase by the reverse mode of Na+/Ca(2+) exchanger during the reperfusion period is related to a limitation of enzyme activity and viability 24 hours later.
Anesthesia* ; Astrocytoma ; Brain ; Calcium ; Capnography* ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; Central Nervous System ; Fura-2 ; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase ; Ions ; Neuroglia ; Neurons ; Photometry ; Reperfusion

Torsion of a mucocele of the vermiform appendix is an extremely rare condition and also a rare cause of an acute abdomen with a clinical presentation that is indistinguishable from acute appendicitis, and thus, the condition is diagnosed during operation. Here, the authors describe the case of a 78-year-old female, who presented with intermittent abdominal pain. The appendix had a pelvic position and the torsion was counterclockwise. In addition, the torsion was associated with mucocele of the appendix, which was considered a secondary factor of torsion. Appendectomy and drainage were performed.
Abdomen, Acute ; Abdominal Pain ; Aged ; Appendectomy ; Appendicitis ; Appendix ; Drainage ; Female ; Humans ; Mucocele ; Torsion Abnormality