No abstract available.
Candidiasis* ; Diabetes Mellitus*

Glutathione S-transferase (28GST) with molecular mass of 28 kDa is an antioxidant enzyme abundant in Clonorchis sinensis. In adult C. sinensis, 28GST was localized in tegumental syncytium, cytons, parenchyma, and sperm tails examined by immunoelectron microscopy. C. sinensis 28GST was earlier found to neutralize bioreactive compounds and to be rich in eggs. Accordingly, it is suggested that 28GST plays important roles in phase II defense system and physiological roles in worm fecundity of C. sinensis.
Animals ; Clonorchis sinensis/*enzymology ; Glutathione Transferase/*metabolism/physiology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Microscopy, Immunoelectron ; Molecular Weight ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

No abstract available.
Humans ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary* ; Ulcer*

Invasion of enteric bacteria, such as Salmonella and invasive E. coli, into intestinal epithelial cells induces proinflammatory gene responses and finally epithelial cell apoptosis. In this study, we asked whether invasive bacterial infection of human intestinal epithelial cells could upregulate cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene expression and whether increased COX-2 expression could influence intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis. Expression of COX-2 mRNA and prostaglandin (PG) E production were upregulated in HT-29 colon epithelial cells which were infected with S. dublin or invasive E. coli, as examined by quantitative RT-PCR and radioimmunoassay. Inhibition of COX-2 expression and PGE2 production using NS-398, a specific COX-2 inhibitor, showed a significant increase af epithelial cell apoptosis and caspase-3 activation in HT-29 cells infected with invasive bacteria. However, the addition of valerylsalicylate, a specific COX-1 inhibitor, did not change apoptosis in S. dublin-infected HT-29 cells. These results suggest that upregulated COX-2 expression and PGE2 production in response to invasive bacterial infection could contribute to host defense by inhibiting apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells.
Apoptosis* ; Bacteria ; Bacterial Infections* ; Caspase 3 ; Colon ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; Dinoprostone ; Enterobacteriaceae ; Epithelial Cells* ; Gene Expression ; HT29 Cells ; Humans ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases* ; Radioimmunoassay ; RNA, Messenger ; Salmonella

Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is a significant cause of death in the hospitalized patient in the western and developed countries. The development of PTE and venous thrombi is associated with many and various factors, including that physicians fail to provide adequate prophylaxis to the high risk patients. The authors studied 74 legal autopsy cases performed from 1996 to 2000 at the Headquarters of National Institute of Scientific Investigation, Seoul, Korea. We learned that ceasarian section was the most common precedong trauma in PTE death in legal cases. Excluding Ceasarian section cases, major mechanical injuries, male gender and aging were common factors associated with PTE. Obesity was a common factor in all kinds of trauma. Deep vein thrombi were documented in majority cases and ambulation was a critical triggering cause for the thrombi making PTE. Clinical diagnosis was not so satisfactory.
Aging ; Autopsy* ; Cause of Death ; Developed Countries ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Obesity ; Pulmonary Embolism ; Seoul ; Veins ; Walking

Uterine papillary serous carcinoma is a morphologically distinct variant of endometrial carcinoma that is associated with an aggressive behavior with rapid progression and high recurrence, and poor response to salvage treatment. The most common type of malignancy developing in the uterus after radiation therapy is the malignant mixed mullerian tumor, however, the papillary serous carcinomas have rarely been reported.Here we report a case of uterine papillary serous carcinoma which had developed 7 years after radiation therapy for invasive cervical cancer.
Endometrial Neoplasms ; Female ; Recurrence ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; Uterus

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare disease of which incidence is 10-15 % of bartholins gland carcinoma. The clinical presentation is characterized by a vulval mass that existed for a prolonged period to the onset of symptoms, usually infection, pain, and burningsensation Histologically, this tumor is characterized by cribriform pattern cell growing and perineural invasion. The obtaining of clear surgical margins is the most important aspect of treatment. Here we report a case of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the Bartholins gland with a brief review of literature.
Adenoids* ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic* ; Incidence ; Rare Diseases

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is introduced as a marker of disease. At present, a variety of method may be used to quantify expression of this protein. Antigen capture-ELISA is a sensitive and accurate quantification method previously used with ovine, rat, and human IL-6 proteins. However, it has never been reported to quantify porcine IL-6 protein using capture ELISA. In this study, we generated and characterized a set of IgY and mono-specific polyclonal antibodies to recombinant porcine IL-6 (rpIL-6), and combining these with a sensitive and specific capture-ELISA for a diagnostic purpose. cDNA encoding the mature protein coding region of porcine IL-6 was cloned and expressed with pQE-30UA expression vector. rpIL-6 was then expressed and purified by using Ni-NTA resin. Protein mass of 24 kDa was found with SDS-PAGE and the identity of the protein was confirmed by Western-blot. Production of polyclonal antibodies against rpIL-6 was performed using the purified rpIL-6 in mice and hens. An antigen capture-ELISA was developed with the antibodies after their extraction. To compare the IL-6 level in the different sanitary state of farms, pig sera were randomly collected and concentration of IL-6 in the sera was measured with the antigen capture-ELISA. The capture-ELISA with the optimal concentration of antibodies, in this study, was able to detect about 10 ng/ml of rpIL-6. IL-6 levels determined with the capture-ELISA in pig sera showed positive correlation with the sanitary states of the farms. These results suggested that the developed antigen capture-ELISA could be a good tool for the screening of microbial infection in pig farms.
Animals ; Biological Markers/blood ; Blotting, Western/veterinary ; Chickens ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary/genetics/isolation&purification ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel/veterinary ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods/*veterinary ; Female ; Immunoglobulins/*blood ; Interleukin-6/*immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Recombinant Proteins/immunology ; Swine/*immunology

BACKGROUND: To explore an interaction(s) of endothelin with other blood pressure regulating systems, effects of either a high concentration of sodium chloride vehicle or pretreatment with atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on the pressor response to endothelin were investigated in rats. METHOD: Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with thiopental (50mg/kg, IP) and were cannulated into left lateral cerebral ventricle. The left femoral artery and vein were also catheterized to measure blood pressure and to serve as an infusion route, respectively. Endothelin (10pmol) dissolved in either normal (0.15M) or high concentration (3.0M) of NaCl vehicle with ANP (1 nmol, ICV). For intravenous (IV) infusion, endothelin(1pmol/min) dissolved either in normal or high concentration of NaCl vehicle was infused for 20min. RESULT: ICV endothelin caused an increase of arterial pressure, in which the NaCl did not affect but ANP-pretreatment significantly attenuated the pressor magnitude. IV endothelin also increased the arterial pressure, which was potentiated by NaCl, ie, the maximum increase caused by the IV endothelin in the high NaCl vehicle was greater than the sum of that induced by endothelin (infused in normal NaCl vehicle) and that induced by high NaCl vehicle only. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that endothelin has separate central and peripheral pressor actions, in which the former is not affected by high NaCl but is attenuated by the ANP system and the latter is potentiated by high NaCl.
Animals ; Arterial Pressure ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor ; Blood Pressure ; Catheters ; Cerebral Ventricles ; Endothelins* ; Femoral Artery ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium Chloride* ; Sodium* ; Thiopental ; Veins

As gastroduodenoscopy performed more frequently, case reports of human echinostomiasis are increasing in Korea. A Korean woman presented at a local clinic with complaints of abdominal pain and discomfort that had persisted for 2 weeks. Under gastroduodenoscopy, two motile flukes were found attached on the duodenal bulb, and retrieved with endoscopic forceps. She had history of eating raw frog meat. The two flukes were identified as Echinostoma hortense by egg morphology, 27 collar spines with 4 end-group spines, and surface ultrastructural characters. This report may prove frogs to be a source of human echinostome infections.
Animals ; Duodenal Diseases/*parasitology ; Duodenum/*parasitology ; Echinostoma/*isolation & purification ; Echinostomiasis/*diagnosis ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Middle Aged