Additional a case of ectopic kidney with a literatural review was presented. Right kidney was located at the level of 4th lumbal spine and shortening of the right ureter. Left one was normal.
Kidney* ; Spine ; Ureter

No abstract available.
Chondrosarcoma*

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: This study was to evaluate effect of an educational program based upon experiment for smoking prevention in middle school students. METHOD: A quasi-experimental design was used. The participants were 107 middle school students (53 in the experimental group, 54 in the control group). Students in the experimental group participated in three 45-minute educational programs over a period of 2 weeks. The dependent variables were measured before and 2 & 4 weeks after the treatment. The data were analyzed using 2 test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA. SPSS was used to aid analysis. RESULTS: 1) The experimental group showed higher levels of knowledge of smoking prevention compared to the control group. However this program did not affect their attitude towards smoking. 2) There was a higher possibility of smoking in the future among the students who had smoked than those who had not. 3) The majority (84.9%) of the experimental group said that the program was effective. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of smoking for the experimental group was increased, so it is assumed that the program itself had a positive effect on the students. To change attitudes regarding smoking, smoking prevention programs need to be conducted repeatedly, not just temporarily.
Humans ; Smoke* ; Smoking*

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Humans ; Muscles* ; Shoulder*

No abstract available.
Pneumonectomy*

Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant tumor showing smooth muscle differentiation, and it accounts for 2% to 8% of soft tissue sarcoma. Clinically, substantial mortality and morbidity are related to the propensity for distant metastasis and local recurrence, respectively. Microscopic findings characteristically reveal intersecting bundles of spindle-shaped cells having fibrillar cytoplasm and blunt-ended nuclei. Immunohistochemistry for intermediate filaments is helpful in establishing a definitive diagnosis. We experienced a case of large protruding leiomyosarcoma that developed on an old burn scar of the medial calf of a 45-year-old man. On preoperative evaluation, we recommended amputation due to a distant metastasis to the lung(stage IV). As the patient refused amputation of his lower leg, the tumor was radically excised and immediate reconstruction was done using free latissimus dorsi muscle flap and skin graft. Four months after excision despite adjuvant chemotherapy, amputation was performed due to local recurrence.
Amputation ; Burns ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Cicatrix ; Cytoplasm ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Intermediate Filaments ; Leg ; Leiomyosarcoma* ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Muscle, Smooth ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Sarcoma ; Skin ; Superficial Back Muscles ; Transplants ; Ulcer*

No abstract available.
Heart Valve Prosthesis* ; Heart Valves*

No abstract available.
Echocardiography* ; Echocardiography, Doppler, Color ; Ligation*