BACKGROUND: Desflurane is a new inhaled anesthetic with the lowest blood/gas partition coefficient and enflurane is one of the major anesthetics in these days. But the effect of volatile anesthetics and the site of action on the blood vessel are still controversial. Since Furchgott (1980) discovered endothelium derived relaxing factor (EDRF) from endothelium, many investigators have studied about the relationship between the EDRF and the effect of the volatile anesthetics on blood vessels. In this study, we evaluated that the effect and the action site of enflurane and desflurane on isolated aortic rings of the rabbit. METHODS: Each of obtained thoracic aorta from rabbits (1.5~2.5 kg) was divided into 4~6 mm rings, and a half of that were denuded. All of the aortic rings were preconstricted with phenylephrine 1.5 10-7 Mole in warm organ bath filled with modified Krebs' solution, and then LNAME (inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, 3 10-4Mole) was administered to one group of aortic rings. MB (inhibitor of soluble guanylyl cyclase, 2 10-5Mole) was administered to another one group and neither of LNAME nor MB was administered to the other group. And then enflurane (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%) or desflurane (6%, 9%, 12%) was administered to all of aortic rings. The polygraph recorded the changes of tension of aortic ring which was transmitted through the force transducer. RESULTS: It was proved that basal EDRF was released from endothelium by the fact that intact aortic rings were more constricted after LNAME or MB administration. The intact aortic rings were constricted in all concentration of enflurane and both intact and denuded rings were maintained from control tension in all concentrations of desflurane. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that enflurane in all concentrations has an endothelium-mediated vasoconstriction effect and desflurane in all concentrations has no effect on isolated aortic rings of rabbit.
Anesthetics ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Arginine* ; Baths ; Blood Vessels ; Endothelium ; Endothelium-Dependent Relaxing Factors ; Enflurane* ; Guanylate Cyclase ; Humans ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Phenylephrine ; Rabbits ; Research Personnel ; Transducers ; Vasoconstriction

BACKGROUND: The distribution of Malassezia yeasts on normal human skin was varied according to the age and race of the volunteers and the methodologies used. In Korea, most reports of Malassezia yeast distribution have relied on direct skin smears rather than culture methods. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work was to perform a comprehensive survey of the distribution of Malassezia yeasts on normal human skin to provide a base line for a companion study of Malassezia yeasts in patients with various dermatoses. METHODS: Malassezia yeasts were cultured using the swabbing technique from the scalp, forehead, chest, upper back, upper arm and upper thigh in 137 subjects, infancy to 80 years of age. RESULTS: Malassezia yeasts were present in the lowest incidence(0-30%) on six sites of infants and present in 60.0-66.7% on the sebum-rich sites (scalp, forehead, chest, upper back) of children aged 1-9. Malassezia yeasts were present in 80.0-86.7% on the sebum-rich sites of the elderly group(over 60 years of age), about the same frequency as in the middle-aged groups. The population density of these organisms was significantly higher on the upper back than on the forehead, chest, upper arm and upper thigh in all age groups except the infant group and the group aged 1 to 9 (p<0.05). There were no regular quantitative variations in the distribution of Malassezia yeasts on a given site between age groups. On Leeming and Notman media, besides three morphotypes of Malassezia yeasts reported by Cunningham et al(1990), one additional type was identified. CONCLUSION: The results showed regional variations in the distribution of Malassezia yeasts in all ages except infancy and no regular age variations on a given site. Additionally, four colony types of Malassezia yeasts were found. The findings of our study coold help to investigate the role of Malassezia yeasts in related disorders.
Aged ; Arm ; Child ; Continental Population Groups ; Forehead ; Friends ; Humans* ; Infant ; Korea ; Malassezia* ; Population Density ; Scalp ; Skin Diseases ; Skin* ; Thigh ; Thorax ; Volunteers ; Yeasts*

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous vasculitis associated with viral hepatitis seems to occur as a hypersensitivity reaction against the circulating viral antigens. Hepatitis B virus(HBV)-encoded X antigen(HBxAg) is known to participate in the carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) by the inactivation of p53. However, HBxAg has been found in chronic infiammatory lesions without the overexpression of p53. Accordingly, not only EBsAg and HBcAg but also HBxAg may be involved in HCC-associated cutaneous vasculitis, regardless of the alteration of p53. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to investigate the expression of HBV-encoded antigens in cutaneous vasculitis accompanied by HBV hepatopathy. Additionally, we have compared the expression of 3 HBV antigens and p53 between vasculitic patients with HCC and in others showing HCC-non-associated vasculitis. METHODS: Immunohistochemically, we examined the expression of HBsAg, HBcAg, and HBxAg in the tissue specimens taken from the vasculitic lesions of the 33 HBsAg-positive enrolled patients with cutaneous vasculitis proven by skin biopsy. RESULTS: 1. The immunohistochemical positivity rate to HBsAg in vasculitic patients with HBV hepatopathy was 66.7% overall. It was 90% in HCC-associated vasculitic subjects and 56.5% in the vasculitic subjects without HCC, respectively. 2. We found the expression of HBxAg in 80% of the vasculitic subjects showing HCC. The vasculitic patients without HCC showed 17,3% of the positivity rate to HBxAg. 3. We could not find the overexpression of p53 in the vasculitic tissue specimens of the HCC patients without the cutaneous metastasis from primary HCC. CONCLUSION: HBsAg, HBcAg and HBxAg may participate in the pathogenesis of cutaneous vasculitis with HBV hepatopathy, regardless of tumorigenesis.
Antigens, Viral ; Biopsy ; Carcinogenesis ; Hepatitis ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis B Core Antigens ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Humans* ; Hypersensitivity ; Malassezia* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Skin* ; Vasculitis ; Yeasts*

Trimazosin Hydrochloride is a new orally active antihypertensive agent derived from the Quinazoline family, related chemically and pharamacologically to parazosin, but unlike its precedecessor, no first-dose syncope has been note, and no tolerance in the management of long term hypertensive patients. The antihypertensive effect of Trimazosin was observed from Oct. 1984 to Mar, 1985 at hospital of Chung-Ang Univesity as outpatient base involving a total 25 patients(Male;16, Female;9)with mild to moderate Hypertension(Diastolic B, P> or =90mmHG but< or =110mmHg). And the average age was 51.5 year(39-66yrs.) Our data demonstrate that 1) Trimazosin is an effective antihypertensive agent for controlling both systolic(166mmHg to 135.7mmHg)and diastolic(102.8mmHg to 85.3mmHg)pressure, and the mean arterial pressure was decreased from 123.8mmHg to 102.1mmHg(P%0.001). 2) We achieved significant sustained reduction in blood pressure with Trimazosin alone in 10 patients, Trimazosin plus Thoazide diuretics in 4 patients, Trimazosin plus-Beta-blocker in 5 patients, and with above triple regimensin 5 patients. 3) Side effects observed during Trimazosin theraphy(mean 3.8 months)appear to be minor and are reflection of its hemodynamic effects, (fatigability 2, dizziness 3, nausea 3 and headache 3) except one had to stop due to severe pounding headache.
Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Diuretics ; Dizziness ; Headache ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Nausea ; Outpatients ; Syncope

Fatty tumours are,the most common soft tissue tumours whereas they are among the rarest tumours in bone. Dahlin quoted an incidence of 1 in 1, 000 of all bone tumours, and fatty tumours in bone are almost single intraosseous lipoma and of four types; I. Soft tissue lipomata or liposarcomata, secondarily affecting bone. 2. Parosteal lipomata. 3. Intraosseous lipomata. 4. Liposarcoma of bone. Here we report a case of multiple intraosseous lipomas in a 23 year old woman.
Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lipoma ; Liposarcoma

Ten cases of fracture of the carpal scaphoid analysed clinically and treated by admission at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Police Hospital during the period of 1975 to 1980. The results were summerized as follows: 1. The mode of the injury were consist of 3 in football game, 2 in judo, 2 in army training and 1 in fallen from height, 1 in slipping down, 1 in direct blow and almost falling down by outstretched hand. 2. Of the 10 cases, there were 9 male and 1 female patients. This result showed marked predominence of male over female patients and most commonly occured between 20 and 29 of age. 3. In 8 cases, the fracture was found on the waist of the carpal scaphoid. 4. Nonunion of the carpal scaphoid were noticed in 8 cases. 5. 2 cases of the recent fracture, there were appeared by rechecking X.-ray after 2 weeks. 6. The good results were obtained by bone graft according to method of Russe.
Accidental Falls ; Clinical Study ; Female ; Football ; Hand ; Humans ; Male ; Martial Arts ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Police ; Transplants

We developed an animal model to recreate the condition of an open fracture in communication with the maxillary sinus. We then studied wound healing of the sinus wall structures following fracture in the presence of autogenous bone and alloplastic implant. This model is designed to simulate the repair of an orbital floor fracture in humans. The New Zealand White rabbit was used as the animal model. Standardized 8mm defects were made bilaterally in the maxillary sinuses to include bone and mucosa in 36 rabbits. Two different implants and autogenous calvarial bone graft were placed in the soft-tissue pockets to obturate the defects, exposing one surface of the implant to the open sinus. Medpor porous polyethylene, silicone and calvarial bone implant were compared. Animals were killed at 1, 2 and 8 weeks after implantation. Gross examination of the specimens for the amount of mucosal closure and implant tissue fixation was performed. Histological sections were evaluated for bone and soft-tissue morphology juxtaposed to the implant. Complete closure of the mucosal defect was demonstrated with each type of implant. Medpor implants showed both vascular and soft-tissue ingrowth into pores by week 1. Bone ingrowth was seen by week 2. Closure of the Medpor obturated defects occurred more rapidly than in the silicone group. The Medpor implants and calvarial bone demonstrated bone and soft-tissue fixation, callus formation and maturation, while mature overlying mucosa was reconstituted over the defects. Silicone implants demonstrated a fibrous tissue reaction within 1 week of implantation and they never became fixed to bone or soft tissue. Maxillary sinus wall regeneration occurred in all defects. This study supports clinical observations of maxillary sinus wall regeneration in humans.
Animals ; Bony Callus ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; Models, Animal ; Mucous Membrane ; New Zealand ; Orbit ; Polyethylene ; Rabbits ; Regeneration ; Silicones ; Tissue Fixation ; Transplants ; Wound Healing

No abstract available.
Cardiac Catheterization* ; Cardiac Catheters* ; Echocardiography* ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis*

The treatment of pain in the back and extremities remains empirical. The application of surface electrodes to the dorsal columns of the spinal cord has been used by Shealy. The rationale. for dorsal column stimulation has been the “gate control theory” of pain proposed by Melzack and Wall. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is well recognized for its effectiveness in pain relief. The authors studied 48 cases of group A (physiotherapy, medication) and compared them with 43 cases of group B(physiotherapy, medication 'and diadynamic current), in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University Hospital, from April, 1983, to June, 1984. The results were as follows: 1. Significant relief of pain was noted in group B in long term follow up of acute pain in the back and extremities. 2. In long term follow-up of group B, there was more improvement than in group A, especially when there was radiating pain in the extermities with or without back pain. 3. In long term follow-up according to the causes of the pain, there was more improvement in group B than in group A in cases of herniated nucleus pulposus and low back syndrome. From a consideration of these studies, it was concluded that satisfactory results were obtained from diadynamic current treatment for the patient with pain in the back and extremities.
Acute Pain ; Back Pain ; Electrodes ; Extremities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Orthopedics ; Spinal Cord ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation

No abstract available.
Child* ; Dehydration* ; Humans