No abstract available.
Pulmonary Embolism* ; Pulmonary Infarction*

168 patients with osteomyelitis who were admitted and operated in Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital between January in 1972 and December in 1976 ware reviewed and analized. The following results were obtained. 1. 138 strains of bacteria were isolated from 167 pus culture in osteomyelitis, about 82.6% 2. Of these, 112 strains are staphillococcus aureus. (81.2%). 3. Degrees of Sensitivity to antibiotics were as follows: in sensitive order, cephalothin was 99.0%, gentamycin 98.0%, cloxacilnli 94.5%, lincocin 92.0%, kanamycin 86.3%, streptomycin 81.2%, and chloramphenicol 80.6% was resulted, 4. Resistant rate to antibiotics were as follows: in resistant order, penicillin 88.8%, oxytetracycline 79.6%, tetracycline 76.2%, and ampicillin 72.2% was resulted.
Ampicillin ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria ; Cephalothin ; Chloramphenicol ; Gentamicins ; Humans ; Kanamycin ; Lincomycin ; Orthopedics ; Osteomyelitis ; Oxytetracycline ; Penicillins ; Seoul ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Staphylococcus ; Streptomycin ; Suppuration ; Tetracycline

The depth of wound level is as important as the level of the tendon injury itself. And the timing of the operative procedure is an important factor. As a rule, tendons injured outside of the flexor sheath yield much better results than those injured within the sheath. The nutritional supply of the flexor tendons is not completely understood. Many elaborate studies have outilned the vascular anatomy of these tendons, and not all authors are in agreement. It is now clear that synovial fluid within the sheath supplies nutrition to the tendon much as synovial fluid in a joint supports cartilage. With this in mind, the present study was designed to determine the effect of exposing tendons for varying periods of time on the viability of the tendon and sequential morphological changes. The results are as follows: 1. Twelve hours after tendon sheath removal, collagen fibrillar dissociation and irregular surface of the tendon sheath were noted on the chicken flexor tendons by electronmicroscopy. 2. Superficial tenocyte necrosis was created after 24 hours of tendon exposure. 3. At 3 days, inflammatory cell infiltration and thickening of the outer synovial layer were noted. After 7 days, fibrosis of the degenerated tendon started from the exposed surface. 4. The fibrous connective tissue and new blood vessel infiltration into the tendon were progressed after 7 days. From these morphological results, any interference with the synovial environment leads to a regressive change of the flexor tendons immediately. It is suggested that delayed primary wound covering procedure within three days an after exposed tendon injury is ideal, and it should by done at least 7 days after tendon exposure.
Blood Vessels ; Cartilage ; Chickens ; Collagen ; Connective Tissue ; Equipment and Supplies ; Fibrosis ; Joints ; Necrosis ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Synovial Fluid ; Tendon Injuries ; Tendons ; Wounds and Injuries

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch* ; Streptococcal Infections*

There is still discussion concerning the methods for treating Tossy type 3 dislocations of the acromioclavicular joint. Since 1995, the authors have treated 10 patients of type 3 dislocations by arthroscope-assisted modified Weaver and Dunn operation with favorable results. The operation consisted of diagnostic shoulder arthroscopy, arthroscopic resection of acromial end of coracoacromial ligament with bone block, excision of distal end of clavicle, bone block transfer of coracoacromial ligament into the medullary canal of clavicle, and augmentation between coracoid process and resected distal end of clavicle with the Mersilene tape. The advantages of this arthroscope-assisted modified Weaver and Dunn operation are as follows: (1) Using the shoulder arthroscope, associated patholgy in the shoulder joint can be found and treated appropriately. (2) Arthroscopic resection of the acromial end of coracoacromial ligament can give the small incision and least damage to the deltoid muscle so that immediate post-operative range of motion exercise can be possible. (3) Bone block transfer of coracoacromial ligament and augmentation between coracoid process and resected clavicular end can prevent displacement of the resected clavicular end.
Acromioclavicular Joint ; Arthroscopes ; Arthroscopy ; Clavicle ; Deltoid Muscle ; Dislocations ; External Fixators* ; Hand* ; Humans ; Ligaments ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Shoulder ; Shoulder Joint

BACKGROUND: According as old aged people have an increased interest in early detection of disease and health promotion, old aged people who take health examinations are increased. So this study is aimed to survey common problems about geriatric health in community and their frequency by way of investigation on diagnosis in health examination data and to evaluate the effects of health risk factors on each disease patterns. METHODS: The medical records of the clients who have taken health examinations for the first time from March 1995 to February 2000 at a health examination center of a university hospital in Seoul were reviewed. The category and number of judged diagnosis, sociodemographic factors are compared and analyzed. RESULTS: The selected medical records accounted to 22,393. The study subjects consist of 11,544(51.6%) male. Mean age is 52.0+/-10.5 years(range 16~90). 65 years or more old aged people of them are 2,612(11.7%), the number of judged diagnosis per one old person is 4.84+/-2.22(range 0~9) and young people took less diagnosis is 35.7%, functional diagnosis is 7.9%. The common diagnoses are liver disease(7.07%), decreased physical strength(6.68%), hyperlipidemin(6.53%),obesity(5.90%), osteoporosis or postmenopausal syndrome(4.72%), need for immunization against viral hepatitis(4.69%), hypertension(4.20%) functional gastrointestinal disease(3.93%). The number of total diagnosis and organic diagnosis is larger in older age, no exercise, female,smoker, no-spouse, lower education(p<0.05). The number of other diagnosis is larger in no exercise, smoker, female, younger age(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: According to health examination, total diagnosis and organic diagnosis are more in old aged group than in young. Functioinal diagnosis and other diagnosis is less in old aged group than in young.
Diagnosis* ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Immunization ; Liver ; Male ; Medical Records ; Osteoporosis ; Risk Factors ; Seoul

The present study was performed to provide an anatomical basis of the coracoacromial (CA) arch and the articular surfaces of the scapula which can be applied to the diagnosis and treatment of some common shoulder problems. The standard dimensions and the range of variation of the CA arch, the acromial articular surface and the glenoid cavity were investigated in 114 dry scapulae obtained from 57 (male, 35 ; female, 22) Korean cadavers ranging in age from 18 to 97 years (average age of 67). The results were as follows : 1. The length (46.3mm), width(25.2mm), thickness (8.2mm) and height (4.5mm) of the acromion were measured. The length, width and thickness were significantly larger in the males. The slope of the acromion was 51.5°, and the slope of the scapular spine was 118.5°. 2. The height (13.5mm), slope of the root (138.4°) and the horizontal part (25.3°) of the coracoid process, and the angle between the root and the horizontal part (106.6°) were measured. There were no significant differences between sexes and sides in all morphometric values related to the coracoid process. 3. The length (67.6mm) and height (24.7mm) of the CA arch, the height of the CA ligament from the supraglenoid tubercle (13.1mm), and length of the CA ligament (27.6mm) were measured. Both the length and height of the CA arch and the length of the CA ligament were significantly larger in the males. The slope and anterior and posterior angles of the CA arch were 16.8°, 42.2°, and 34.7°, respectively. 4. The long (13.8mm) and short (8.0mm) diameters of the acromial articular surface were measured, and both diameters were significantly longer in the males. The acromial articular surface was 8.4mm away from the tip of the acromion and extended 1.4mm inferiorly below the inferior surface of the acromion. 5. The long (34.8mm) diameter, and superior (15.0mm), middle (19.5mm), and inferior (25.6mm) short diameters of the glenoid cavity were measured. The long and both superior and inferior short diameters were significantly longer in the males.
Acromion ; Cadaver ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Glenoid Cavity ; Humans ; Ligaments ; Male ; Scapula* ; Shoulder ; Spine

BACKGROUND: The distribution of Malassezia yeasts on normal human skin was varied according to the age and race of the volunteers and the methodologies used. In Korea, most reports of Malassezia yeast distribution have relied on direct skin smears rather than culture methods. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work was to perform a comprehensive survey of the distribution of Malassezia yeasts on normal human skin to provide a base line for a companion study of Malassezia yeasts in patients with various dermatoses. METHODS: Malassezia yeasts were cultured using the swabbing technique from the scalp, forehead, chest, upper back, upper arm and upper thigh in 137 subjects, infancy to 80 years of age. RESULTS: Malassezia yeasts were present in the lowest incidence(0-30%) on six sites of infants and present in 60.0-66.7% on the sebum-rich sites (scalp, forehead, chest, upper back) of children aged 1-9. Malassezia yeasts were present in 80.0-86.7% on the sebum-rich sites of the elderly group(over 60 years of age), about the same frequency as in the middle-aged groups. The population density of these organisms was significantly higher on the upper back than on the forehead, chest, upper arm and upper thigh in all age groups except the infant group and the group aged 1 to 9 (p<0.05). There were no regular quantitative variations in the distribution of Malassezia yeasts on a given site between age groups. On Leeming and Notman media, besides three morphotypes of Malassezia yeasts reported by Cunningham et al(1990), one additional type was identified. CONCLUSION: The results showed regional variations in the distribution of Malassezia yeasts in all ages except infancy and no regular age variations on a given site. Additionally, four colony types of Malassezia yeasts were found. The findings of our study coold help to investigate the role of Malassezia yeasts in related disorders.
Aged ; Arm ; Child ; Continental Population Groups ; Forehead ; Friends ; Humans* ; Infant ; Korea ; Malassezia* ; Population Density ; Scalp ; Skin Diseases ; Skin* ; Thigh ; Thorax ; Volunteers ; Yeasts*

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous vasculitis associated with viral hepatitis seems to occur as a hypersensitivity reaction against the circulating viral antigens. Hepatitis B virus(HBV)-encoded X antigen(HBxAg) is known to participate in the carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) by the inactivation of p53. However, HBxAg has been found in chronic infiammatory lesions without the overexpression of p53. Accordingly, not only EBsAg and HBcAg but also HBxAg may be involved in HCC-associated cutaneous vasculitis, regardless of the alteration of p53. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to investigate the expression of HBV-encoded antigens in cutaneous vasculitis accompanied by HBV hepatopathy. Additionally, we have compared the expression of 3 HBV antigens and p53 between vasculitic patients with HCC and in others showing HCC-non-associated vasculitis. METHODS: Immunohistochemically, we examined the expression of HBsAg, HBcAg, and HBxAg in the tissue specimens taken from the vasculitic lesions of the 33 HBsAg-positive enrolled patients with cutaneous vasculitis proven by skin biopsy. RESULTS: 1. The immunohistochemical positivity rate to HBsAg in vasculitic patients with HBV hepatopathy was 66.7% overall. It was 90% in HCC-associated vasculitic subjects and 56.5% in the vasculitic subjects without HCC, respectively. 2. We found the expression of HBxAg in 80% of the vasculitic subjects showing HCC. The vasculitic patients without HCC showed 17,3% of the positivity rate to HBxAg. 3. We could not find the overexpression of p53 in the vasculitic tissue specimens of the HCC patients without the cutaneous metastasis from primary HCC. CONCLUSION: HBsAg, HBcAg and HBxAg may participate in the pathogenesis of cutaneous vasculitis with HBV hepatopathy, regardless of tumorigenesis.
Antigens, Viral ; Biopsy ; Carcinogenesis ; Hepatitis ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis B Core Antigens ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Humans* ; Hypersensitivity ; Malassezia* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Skin* ; Vasculitis ; Yeasts*