The effects of various supplements of amino acids on calcium balance in rats receiving a rice diet were reported.The nitrogen retention of rats fed with rice diet supplemented with L-lysine (0.2%) and L-threonine (0.12%) (total N 1%) was significantly increased. Rice diets supplemented with various amino acids to FAO pattern or egg pattern showed no effect on the balance fo nitrogen and calcium.Rice diet supplemented with L-lysine and L-threonine as compared with basal diet showed an elevated phosphorus retention whereas the percentage of absorption of phosphorus was not altered.

Objective T o detect diatom in the organs of drow ners by enzym e com bined w ith strong acid digestion m ethod, and evaluate its application value. Methods A total of 40 cases w hich have been identified as drow ning in local region w ere collected. Sam ples of the lung, liver, kidney, and the w ater of the scene w ere also gathered from each case. Strong acid digestion m ethod, enzym e com bined w ith strong acid digestion m ethod, and enzym ic digestion m ethod w ere respectively perform ed to detect the diatom in the sam ples. T he com parative analysis w as m ade on digestion tim e, digestive pow er and de-tection rate of diatom , etc. Results E nzym e com bined w ith strong acid digestion m ethod w as significant-ly better than enzym ic digestion m ethod on digestion tim e and digestive pow er;enzym e com bined w ith strong acid digestion m ethod w ere obviously superior to strong acid digestion m ethod on the detection rate of diatom . Conclusion E nzym e com bined w ith strong acid digestion m ethod com bines the advan-tages of strong acid digestion m ethod and enzym ic digestion m ethod. It has the characters of operation safety w ith little pollution to environm ent, w hich is w orthy of further popularization and practice.

Objective To evaluate the association between R353Q polymorphism of the coagulation factor Ⅶ gene and cerebral infarction in Chinese Han people. Methods Restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) methods was adopted to detect FⅦR353Q genotype and R、Q allelomorphie gone frequency of 100 cerebral infarction(CI) patients and 106 healthy people. Results There was FⅦR353Q polymorphism in the CI patients and healthy subjects. RR and RQ genotype could be found in the control group and CI group. RR and RQ genotype dis-position consistented with Hardy-weinberg equilibrium. In CI group,RR genotype was in 91 cases,RQ was in 9 cases and QQ in 0 case(the distribution frequencies were 91.00% ,9.00% and 0), and in the healthy subjects, those are 94 cases, 12 cases and 0 case(88.70% ,11.30% and 0). In the control group and CI group,R allele genotype fre-quencies were 94.33% and 95.50%, and Q were 5.67% and 4.50%. There was not significantly different in the R353Q polymorphism (χ20.3027, P=0.5822);Q allele genotype was not significantly different between the cases of control group and CI patients(χ20.2865, P=0.5925). Conclusion There are the FⅦR353Q polymorphism in Han population,however,the idea that the Q allele is a protective factor in CI is not supported.

[Objective]To investigate the prophylactic effects of intra-articular injection of salvia miltiorrhiza on joint adhesion. [Methods]Twenty-four Japanese male rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups.All right hind knees were made in this way: the auterior wall of suprapatellar bursae was scraped, the posterior wall of suprapatellar bursae and the infrapatellar fat pad were cut off. Each knee was injected with physiological saline 0.3 ml for group A, sodium hyaluronate injection 0.3 ml for group B, and salvia miltiorrhiza injection 0.3 ml for group C. All right hind knees were immobilized in the extension position with a long leg plaster cast for 4 weeks, and injected weekly.[Results]After 4 weeks, the joint movement range in group B or C was larger than that in group A (P<0.01), and there was no significant difference (P>0.05)compared to group B and group C. The scoring of joint adhesions in group B or C was smaller than that in group A (P<0.01), and there was no significant difference(P>0.05)compared to group B and group C. The scoring of histological changed of the synovial membrane in group B or C was smaller than that in group A (P<0.01), and there was no significant difference(P>0.05)compared to group B and group C.Total collagens content of the synovial membrane in group B or C was smaller than that in group A (P<0.01), while that of group C was less than in group B(P<0.01). [Conclusion]Similarly to sodium hyaluronate, salvia miltiorrhiza can effectively prevent joint adhesions.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of adult's chronic constipation in Tianjin city and to find out its associated pathogenetic factors. Methods During Aug. 2002 to Mar. 2003 the survey of chronic constipation in 7220 subjects aged≥18 in different part of the city and countryside were carred out by nine hospitals based on the clustering, randomly stratified sampling method. There were 118 items investigated in this survey including the possible factors associabed with pathogenesis of chronic constipation. The data were analyzed by Logistic regression. Results The prevalence of chronic constipation was 11.6% in total of 7220 cases which was significantly higher in females than in male(13.4% vs 9.7%, P =0.000) . The prevalence of chronic constipation increased with growing of age and related with occupation, exercises, psychological pressure, the habit of intake food and water. In addition,the chronic constipation was associated with reflux esophagitis and chronic gastritis. Conclusion The measures of changing life style, drinking more water, taking more vegetables and having a good habit of bowel evacuation may decrease the prevalence of chronic constipation.

Objectives To evaluate the values of notched on R wave in inferior leads of electrocardiogram in infant with secundum atrial septal defect. Methods To observe and compare the prevalence of notch on R wave in inferior leads combined with incomplete right bundle branch block (IRBBB) in 162 cases with secundum atrial septal defect (group I) and 162 cases without heart disease (group II). Results The prevalence of notch on R wave in all the three inferior leads, in at least one inferior lead with IRBBB and in all the three inferior leads with IRBBB were 27.16%, 14.20%and 10.49%respec-tively in group I, and were 3.09%, 1.85%and 0.62%in group II respectively, and the differences between two groups were statistically significant (P<0.005). The specificities of notch on R wave in diagnosis of atrial septal defect were 96.91%, 98.15% and 99.38% respectively. Conclusions Notch on R wave in inferior leads is an independent electrocardiographic sign of secundum atrial septal defect in infants, and thus can be used as a diagnostic parameter.

BACKGROUND:Adipose-derived stem cels are regarded as the potential seed cels for tissue engineering. Colagenase digestion is used to isolate adipose-derived stem cels from fat pads currently. However, there are some problems, such as cumbersome operation and high cost.
OBJECTIVE: To study the basic biological characteristics of adipose-derived stem cels by tissue explants culture and to explore the differentiation potential into osteoblasts, adipocytes and endothelial progenitor cels in vitro.
METHODS:Adipose-derived stem cels were isolated by tissue explants technique from the bilateral groin fat pads of rats under aseptic conditions, and cultured in vitro. Cel counting kit-8 was used to detect the proliferative activity, and flow cytometry was employed to analyze the expression of cel surface markers. Passage 4 adipose-derived stem cels were cultured in osteogenic medium, adipogenic medium and endothelial progenitor cel medium for 2-3 weeks, and then the cels were identified.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Adipose-derived stem cels that were isolated by tissue explants culture were easily cultured, and after subculture, cels were mainly spindle-shaped and grew in clone-like manner with swirling arrangement. Cels that experienced repeated subcultures stil kept stronger proliferative ability and the cel growth curve was shaped as a parabola. Immunochemical staining analysis revealed that adipose-derived stem cels were positive for CD44, CD90 and CD29, but negative for CD31, CD45. After adipogenic/osteogenic induction, the cels were respectively positive for oil red O staining and alizarin red staining. Induced endothelial progenitor cels were identified with CD34 and the ability to uptake Dil-ac-LDL and FITC-UEA. These findings indicate using the using tissue explants culture, high-purity adipose-derived stem cels easy to proliferate can be harvested, highly express stem cels-related antigens, and have the ability to differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes and endothelial progenitor cels, which meet the needs of seed cels in tissue engineering research.

A rapid, sensitive and convenient LC-MS/MS method was developed for the determination of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in human plasma. d2-γ-Aminobutyric acid (d2-GABA) was synthesized as internal standard (IS). After extraction from human plasma by protein precipitation with acetonitrile, all analytes were separated on a Luna HILIC column (100 mm x 3.0 mm, 3 μm) using an isocratic mobile phase of water: acetonitrile: formic acid (20 : 80 : 0.12) with a flow rate of 0.5 mL x min(-1). Acquisition of mass spectrometric data was performed in multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM) in positive electrospray ionization using the transitions of m/z 104 --> 69 for GABA and m/z 106 --> 71 for d2-GABA. The method was linear in the concentration range of 5.00 to 1 000 ng x mL(-1). The intra- and inter-day precisions were within 9.9%, and accuracy ranged from 99.1% to 104%, within the acceptable limit across all concentrations. The method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of GABA tablets in healthy Chinese volunteers.
Chromatography, Liquid ; Humans ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; blood