1.Bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of rice bran fermented with lactic acid bacteria
Nur Yuhasliza Abd Rashid ; Dang Lelamurni Abd Razak, Anisah Jamaluddin ; Shaiful Adzni Sharifuddin ; Kamariah Long
Malaysian Journal of Microbiology 2015;11(2):156-162
Aims: Rice bran has been documented as a rich source of bioactive compounds such as gamma-oryzanol, phenolic
acids, phytic acid, β-sitosterol and vitamin E, which offer beneficial health properties and confer antioxidant activity
related benefits. The objective of this research is to evaluate the bioactive compounds content of fermented rice bran
such as organic acids, ɣ-oryzanol, α- tocopherol and phenolic acids using three lactic acid bacteria (LAB), namely
Pediococcus acidilactici, Lactococcus lactis and Pediococcus pentoseous in a solid state fermentation.
Methodology and results: High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyze the concentration of
the active compounds in rice bran. The most abundant organic acids detected in fermented rice bran samples were
lactic acid and acetic acid, which showed significant improvement after fermentation. Fermentation of rice bran with P.
acidilactici showed a two-fold increment in ɣ-oryzanol and α-tocopherol compared to unfermented rice bran. A higher
concentration of ferulic acid was observed in rice bran fermented with P. acidilactici compared to other strains.
Meanwhile, coumaric acid concentration in all fermented samples decreased significantly upon fermentation.
Conclusion, significance and impact of study: These results indicated that the fermentation with LAB could enhance
certain bioactive compounds production and antioxidant activity of rice bran. Therefore, improved rice bran has the
potential to be used as an ingredient in functional food and cosmetic formulation.
Keywords: Rice bran; bioactive compounds; fermentation, lactic acid bacteria; antioxidant activity
Fermentation
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Oryza
2.Cytotoxic activity of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed extract and oil against human cancer cell lines
Wong Hua Yu ; Tan Yan Wai ; Tan Ping Chin ; Long Kamariah ; Nyam Lin Kar
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014;(z1):510-515
Objective: To examine the cytotoxic properties of both the kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed extract and kenaf seed oil on human cervical cancer, human breast cancer, human colon cancer and human lung cancer cell lines.Methods:kenaf seed oil on human cancer cell lines was evaluated by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and sulforhodamine B assays. Cell morphological changes were observed by using an inverted light microscope.Results:The in vitro cytotoxic activity of the kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed extract and cancer cell lines. Morphological alterations in the cell lines after KSE and KSO treatment were observed. KSE and KSO possessed effective cytotoxic activities against all the cell lines been selected.Conclusions:KSE and KSO could be potential sources of natural anti-cancer agents. Further The kenaf seed extract (KSE) exhibited a lower IC50 than kenaf seed oil (KSO) in all of the investigations on using kenaf seeds for anti-proliferative properties are warranted.
3.Cytotoxic activity of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed extract and oil against human cancer cell lines.
Yu Hua WONG ; Wai Yan TAN ; Chin Ping TAN ; Kamariah LONG ; Kar Lin NYAM
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014;4(Suppl 1):S510-5
OBJECTIVETo examine the cytotoxic properties of both the kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed extract and kenaf seed oil on human cervical cancer, human breast cancer, human colon cancer and human lung cancer cell lines.
METHODSThe in vitro cytotoxic activity of the kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed extract and kenaf seed oil on human cancer cell lines was evaluated by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and sulforhodamine B assays. Cell morphological changes were observed by using an inverted light microscope.
RESULTSThe kenaf seed extract (KSE) exhibited a lower IC50 than kenaf seed oil (KSO) in all of the cancer cell lines. Morphological alterations in the cell lines after KSE and KSO treatment were observed. KSE and KSO possessed effective cytotoxic activities against all the cell lines been selected.
CONCLUSIONSKSE and KSO could be potential sources of natural anti-cancer agents. Further investigations on using kenaf seeds for anti-proliferative properties are warranted.
4. Anti-hypercholesterolemic effect of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed on high-fat diet Sprague dawley rats
Ng Shy KAI ; Tee Ai NEE ; Elaine Lai Chia LING ; Nyam Kar LIN ; Tan Chin PING ; Long KAMARIAH
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2015;8(1):6-13
Objective: To determine the antihypercholesterolemic effects of kenaf seed samples and compare with the commercial hypocholesterolemic drug on serum lipids profiles and malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the rat. Methods: Kenaf seed oil (KSO), microencapsulated kenaf seed oil (MKSO), kenaf seed extract (KSE) and defatted kenaf seed meal (DKSM) were prepared and phytochemicals screening on these samples were done prior in vivo study. Phenolic compounds in KSE were quantified using high performance liquid chromatography. There were 40 (divided in eight diet groups of 5) male Sprague dawley rats adapted to normal standard diet or hypercholesterolemic diet (HD) with or without the treatment of these kenaf samples for 32 days. Results: All the kenaf samples exhibited to contain most of the major phytochemicals. KSE possessed gallic acid, tannic acid, catechin, benzaldehyde, benzoic acid, syringic acid, sinapic acid, ferulic acid, naringin acid, and protocatechuic acid. The significant higher (. P<0.05) serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and MDA levels in HD group without treatment than the normal control group suggested the hypercholesterolemia was induced by the incorporation of cholesterol into diet. KSE exhibited higher cholesterol-lowering properties due to the significant lower (. P<0.05) in serum triglycerides, total cholesterol and MDA levels. KSE showed the highest efficiency of cholesterol-lowering activity, followed by KSO, MKSO and DKSM. Conclusions: DKSM, MKSO, KSO and KSE appeared to have comparable anti-hypercholesterolemic effect with the commercial hypocholesterolemic drug. Hence, kenaf seed could be used as an alternative natural source to replace the synthetic hypocholesterolemic drugs.