[Objective]Primarily discuss cases selection and operation skill of hip joint superficial substitution.[Method]From Oct.2004 to Feb.2007,10 hip joints of 8 cases were made superficial substitution,paying attention on cases selection and operation skill.[Result]All cases had no such complications as femur neck fracture,infection,joint dislocation,vessel or nerve injury,deep vein embolism or ectopic ossification in early stage.The patients' score increased to 93~99 and average 95 from 35~56 and 45 before operation,the unequal limbs were corrected for DDH cases.On X-ray measurement:40?~50?for acetabula abduction angle,44?in average;134?~143?,139?for short-handle eversion angle of femur lateral;average off-set rate was 0.20 for femur neck;no loose prosthesis or narrow femur neck,no bright zone around short-handle.[Conclusion]Hip joint superficial substitution is very fit for young people with much sports,but we should pay attention to case selection and operation skill.

Objective To study the ultrasonic image characteristics of the displaced femoral shaft fracture before and post reduction,and to explore its clinical significance in guiding the closed reduction and intramedullary nail fixation.Methods Ultrasonic imaging features of 21 cases of femoral shaft fractures were observed.Closed reduction was completed under ultrasound monitoring,and the characteristics of ultrasonic imaging after fracture reduction were observed.Fixation of femoral fractures with intramedullary nails after closed reduction was completed.Results On the long axis of the femoral shaft,the ultrasonograms displayed a gap between two hyperechoic bands(step sign).On the cross section,two short arc hyperechoic bands can be seen(double short arc sign).After the completion of closed reduction,the step sign and double short arc sign disappeared.In the front and rear of the femoral shaft,there were 2 echo lines connected to a straight line.The line in front of the femoral parallel to the rear(continuous parallel sign).Continuous parallel sign indicated that reduction was achieved,the intramedullary nail guide pin could be successfully inserted into the femoral shaft,to complete the intramedullary nail fixation.Conclusions Ultrasound imaging shows step sign and double short arc syndrome when femoral shaft fracture displaced.Post fracture reduction,the imaging shows continuous parallel sign.Observing ultrasonic image characteristics of the displaced femoral shaft fracture is effective in assisting closed reduction and intramedullary nailing for femoral shaft fractures.

Insulin like growth factor-1(IGF-1) has been found to be a cell proliferation regulator that promotes cell differentiation and proliferation.In recent years, IGF-1 has been found to play an important role in infectious diseases, participating in the occurrence and development of a variety of infectious diseases.This review briefly summarized the research progress on IGF-1 in infectious diseases, providing new ideas for the application of IGF-1 in clinical diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases.

ObjectiveTo investigate the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPS) in the coding regions of the human ABCA2 gene and to determine the association of some of these SNPs with gallstone disease in a Chinese population. MethodsThe exons and part of the introns of the ABCA2 gene were sequenced using a fluorescent labeling automatic method in 24 patients with gallstone disease to identify and characterize the SNPs in a Chinese population. For SNPs in the exons, case-control studies were performed on patients and controls. ResultsTwelve SNPs were found within a 16911 bp region of the ABCA2 gene. Among them, two were in the exons, ten in the introns and five were novel SNPs. There was no significant difference in the SNPs genotype between the patients and the controis. ConclusionsThere is an important ethnic difference in the SNPs distribution of the human ABCA2 gene. The distribution of SNPs in the coding regions of the human ABCA2 gene is not significantly different between the patients and the controls.

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of IL-6 affecting the expression of CD73 on human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) and regulating their migration, adhesion and proliferation.Methods:Flow cytometry (FCM) and Western blot were used to analyze the effects of exogenous IL-6 or IL-6 secreted by hPMSCs on the expression of CD73 on hPMSCs. The influence of IL-6 on the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3) in hPMSCs was detected by monoclonal antibody blocking test and Western blot. Real-time cellular analysis (RTCA) was used to analyze the changes in the migration, adhesion and proliferation of hPMSCs after knockdown of CD73 expression or APCP pretreatment.Results:FCM and Western blot showed that both exogenous and autocrine IL-6 from hPMSCs promoted the expression of CD73 on hPMSCs ( P<0.001, P<0.01). Moreover, CD73 expression decreased significantly with the presence of IL-6R inhibitor ( P<0.01). IL-6 could up-regulate the levels of both p-STAT3 and CD73 in hPMSCs ( P<0.05, P<0.01), while CD73 expression decreased after adding STAT3 inhibitor ( P<0.01). RTCA showed that knockdown of CD73 expression on hPMSCs significantly inhibited the adhesion and proliferation ability of hPMSCs( P<0.01, P<0.05), but promoted the migration ability of hPMSCs ( P<0.05). Similarly, inhibiting the hydrolase activity of CD73 on hPMSCs by APCP also resulted in a significant decrease in the adhesion and proliferation capacities of hPMSCs, and an increase in the migration capacity of hPMSCs ( P<0.05). Conclusions:IL-6 enhanced the expression of CD73 on hPMSCs via the JAK/STAT3 pathway, thus affecting the migration, adhesion and proliferation of hPMSCs.

Objective:Through the analysis of the ancient books for pectoral stuffiness pain, to explore the relevant Chinese herbal medicine prescriptions, the main syndrome factors corresponding to the prescriptions and the content of medication nursing.Methods:We used the database of Chinese Medical Code (5th Edition) as the data source, and established a database, extracted relevant contents. In the end we carried out statistical analysis and discussion.Results:Four main syndrome factors were extracted from the 102 kinds of prescriptions, which were cold coagulation, qi stagnation, blood stasis and turbid phlegm. The corresponding medication nursing measures mainly contained five aspects, including the temperature, time, frequency, solution of taking medicine and medication taboo. Among them, the temperature of taking medicine was mainly warm and hot; the time of taking medicine was mainly before eating, after eating, empty stomach, before breakfast, at noon, Before sleep and regardless of the time; the frequency of taking medicine was mainly two times a day, three times a day, three times a day and once a night; the solution of taking medicine was mainly wine, porridge, ginger decoction, orange peel decoction, Chen-pi decoction, vinegar decoction and so on; the medication taboo was mainly onions, pork, cold, cabbage, mutton and so on.Conclusion:The study of medication nursing for pectoral stuffiness pain based on the theory of syndrome factors is beneficial to promote the theoretical and clinical research for the disease. It can promote the standardization of medication nursing, improve the nursing staff's ability of syndrome differentiation nursing, and provide a reference for clinical medication nursing of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Objective:To understand the research status and research hotspots of syndrome differentiation nursing of pectoral stuffiness pain(coronary disease), analyze its existing problems, and provide reference for the development of related research in the future.Methods:The China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) database was used as a data source to search for relevant literatures. We analyzed the authors, institutions and keywords with CiteSpace 5.3.R8 software, and drew the distribution map of the number of literature published by the related authors and institutions with GraphPad Prism 6.07 software.Results:A total of 356 articles were included in the study. The research power in the field of syndrome differentiation nursing of pectoral stuffiness pain(coronary disease) was mainly concentrated in the Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The researchers were mainly Lin Xiaoli and Yang Yuzhu. After clustering 58 keywords, 6 research hotspots of syndrome differentiation nursing for pectoral stuffiness pain(coronary disease) were discovered: importance of emotional nursing; exploration of different nursing forms; study of prognostic significance; embodiment of clinical application value; syndrome differentiation nursing of integrating Chinese and Western medicine; application of characteristic nursing technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Conclusions:Among the six research hotspots, the emotional nursing, syndrome differentiation nursing of integrating Chinese and Western medicine and application of characteristic nursing technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine are the research hotspots in recent years(2011-2018). In addition, in order to promote the progress and development of this field, it is necessary to strengthen cooperation and exchanges between authors and institutions, and conduct more in-depth research on the basis of existing research, constantly explore new research directions, and further improve the system of syndrome differentiation nursing.

Objective:To evaluate the role of hsa_circ_0025853 in hypothermia-induced reduction of oxygen-glucose deprivation and restoration (OGD/R) injury to neuroblastoma cells (SK-N-SH cells). Methods:SK-N-SH cells were cultured in vitro to the logarithmic phase and divided into 4 groups ( n=20 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), group OGD/R, hypothermia group (group H) and hsa_circ_0025853 small interfering RNA (siRNA) plus hypothermia group (group S+ H). The cells were cultured in normal culture atmosphere in group C. The cells were subjected to OGD for 3 h followed by restoration of oxygen-glucose supply for 24 h in group OGD/R.The cells were subjected to OGD for 3 h followed by restoration of oxygen-glucose supply for 24 h at 32 ℃ in group H. The cells were transfected with siRNA at 48 h before establishing OGD/R model, and the other treatments were similar to those previously described in group H. At 24 h of restoration of oxygen-glucose, cell viability was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8, apoptosis rate were measured by flow cytometry.the expression of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) mRNA and hsa_circ_0025853 was detected by quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction, and the expression of Drp1 protein was detected by Western blot. Results:Compared with group C, the cell viability was significantly decreased, the apoptosis rate of cells was increased, the expression of hsa_circ_0025853 was down-regulated, and the expression of Drp1 protein and mRNA was up-regulated in the other 3 groups ( P<0.05). Compared with group OGD/R, the cell viability was significantly increased, the apoptosis rate of cells was decreased, the expression of hsa_circ_0025853 was up-regulated, and the expression of Drp1 protein and mRNA was down-regulated in H and S+ H groups ( P<0.05). Compared with group H, the cell viability was significantly decreased, the apoptosis rate of cells was increased, the expression of hsa_circ_0025853 was down-regulated, and the expression of Drp1 protein and mRNA was up-regulated in group S+ H ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The mechanism by which hypothermia alleviates the OGD/R injury to SK-N-SH cells is related to the up-regulation of hsa_circ_0025853 expression, thus reducing the expression level of Drp1.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of hypothermia on the polarization of microglia and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway during oxygen-glucose deprivation/restoration (OGD/R).Methods:BV2 microglia were cultured in vitro and divided into 3 groups ( n=18 each) using the random number table method: control group (group C), group OGD/R and OGD/R plus hypothermia group (group OGD/R+ HT). Group C was cultured normally for 24 h. In group OGD/R, the cells were exposed to 5% CO 2-1% O 2 at 37 ℃ for 2 h in a glucose-free medium, followed by restoration of glucose and oxygen for 24 h. In group OGD/R+ HT, the high-glucose medium was replaced with a glucose-free medium, the cells were exposed to 5% CO 2-1% O 2 for 2 h in a 33 ℃ cryostat, followed by restoration of glucose and oxygen for 24 h. The cell survival rate was measured by CCK-8 assay.The expression of M1 microglia markers CD32 and iNOS protein and mRNA and M2 microglia markers CD206 and Arg-1 and mRNA was detected by immunofluorescence and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.The expression of TLR-4 and NF-κB in cells was detected by Western blot, and the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB mRNA in cells was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.The concentrations of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) in the cell supernatant were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results:Compared with group C, the cell survival rate was significantly decreased, the expression of CD32, iNOS, CD206, Arg-1, TLR4 and NF-κB protein and mRNA was up-regulated, and the concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 in supernatant were increased in OGD/R and OGD/R+ HT groups ( P<0.05). Compared with group OGD/R, the cell survival rate was significantly increased, the expression of CD32, iNOS, TLR4 and NF-κB protein and mRNA was down-regulated, the expression of CD206 and Arg-1 protein and mRNA was up-regulated, the concentrations of TNF-α and IL-1β in supernatant were decreased, and the concentration of IL-10 was increased in group OGD/R+ HT ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Hypothermia can significantly inhibit microglia polarization toward M1 phenotype, increase microglia polarization toward M2 phenotype and inhibit the development of inflammatory responses during OGD/R, and the mechanism may be related to inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Microglia are widely present in the central nervous system and participate in various pathophysiological processes.They play an important role in degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease.In recent years, the study of exosomes produced by microglia activation involved in the pathophysiological processes of various diseases has attracted extensive attention, but the role of exosomes has not been fully clarified.This article reviewed the characteristics and functions of microglia, the characteristics and functions of microglia-derived exosomes and their roles in central neurodegenerative diseases.