OBJECTIVE： To observe the changes of insoluble particles of shuanghuanglian in quantity after mixed with benzylpenicillin,cefradine and dexamethasone in normal saline.METHODS： Using ZWF-4D particle counter,the number of insoluble particles in sizes of ≥ 2.0μ m,≥ 5.0μ m,≥ 10.0μ m and ≥ 25.0μ m was counted and compared before and after mixed with above-mentioned three drugs.RESULTS： The insoluble particles of Shuanghuanglian were obviously increased after mixed with benzylpenicillin,the particles in sizes of ≥ 5.0μ m,≥ 10.0μ m and ≥ 25.0μ m increased twice,23 and 94 times respectively.The insoluble particles were also increased after mixed with cefradine or dexamethasone,however,the increase rate was lower in comparison with that mixed with benzylpenicillin.CONCLUSION： Shuanghuanglian,used in combination with above-mentioned drugs,should be put into separate infusion bottle to avoid the increase of insoluble particles and ADRs.

AIM:To investigate matrine-induced apoptosis of human medulloblastoma D 341 cells and the ex-pression of Bax , Bcl-2, serine/threonine kinase Akt and phosphorylated Akt ( p-Akt) in vitro.METHODS: D341 cells were divided into experimental groups ( added with matrine at different concentrations ) and control group ( under the same conditions without matrine).The proliferation of D341 cells was analyzed by CCK-8 assay.Apoptosis was detected by An-nexin V-FITC/PI double staining and the expression of Bax , Bcl-2, Akt and p-Akt was detected by Western blotting .RE-SULTS:Matrine significantly inhibited the proliferation of D 341 cells and increased the apoptosis in a dose-and time-de-pendent manner .The cell apoptosis was characterized by chromatin condensation with margination of chromatin to the nu -clear membrane , increased when and larger cytoplasmic vacuoles , and formation of apoptotic body after treatment with ma-trine.The expression of Bax increased , while the expression of Bcl-2 and p-Akt decreased when the drug concentration gradually increased .CONCLUSION:Matrine induces the apoptosis of human medulloblastoma D 341 cells in vitro by acti-vation of Bax, down-regulation of Bcl-2 and reduction of p-Akt expression level in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Objective To observe the effects of Bushen Huoxue Formula on free radical metabolism and p16 protein expression in heart of aged rats; To discuss its protective mechanism to the heart of aged rats.Methods One hundred were divided into young control group, the natural aging group,Bushen HuoxueFormula high-, medium- and low-dose groups, with 20 rats in each group. Each medication group was given relevant medicine for gavage, once a day for 16 weeks. 1 hour after the last administration, after the rats were sacrificed, serum and heart were taken. The contents of NO and MDA and activities of CAT and SOD in serum and myocardial,β-galactosidase enzyme and p16 protein expression in myocardial tissue were detected.ResultsCompared with the natural aging group, NO content and SOD activity in the serum of rats inBushen Huoxue Formula high-dose group increased significantly (P<0.05) and MDA content in allBushen Huoxue Formula groups decreased (P<0.01); NO content, CAT and SOD activity in the myocardial tissue of rats inBushen HuoxueFormula high-dose group increased significantly, and MDA content decreased significantly (P<0.05). CAT activity in allBushen HuoxueFormula groups increased (P<0.05,P<0.01).β-galactosidase enzyme and p16 protein expression in myocardial tissue in allBushen Huoxue Formula groups decreased.Conclusion Bushen Huoxue Formula can in hibit the aging of myocardial-aged rats, and the mechanism might be related to its anti-oxidative damage and inhibition of tumor suppressor gene p16 expression.

Objective To compare laparoscopic appendectomy to conventional operation for the treatment of appendicitis.Methods In this study 1558 patients diagnosed as appendicitis were divided into group A(laparoscopic appendectomy)and group B(conventional operation)according to the random numbers.In group A,779 patients were treated with laparoscopic appendectomy.In group B,779 patients were treated with conventional open appendectomy.The inhospital data and that of followed-up were compared.Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS11.5 for Windows.Comparisons between categorical variables and continuous variables were analyzed using the X~2 test and t test.Results The operation was successfully performed in all 1558 patients.The operating time in group A and B were(30±2.2)min versus(30±1.6)min(t=0.00,P>0.05),the blood loss were(15±2.9)ml versus(29±5.2)ml(t=65.62,P<0.05),the bed off activity time were(26±3.1)h versus(51±2.1)h(t=69.95,P<0.05),the bowels'move time were(29±1.6)h versus(52±4.6)h(t=10.92,P<0.05),the hospital stay were(3±0.9)d versus(7±1.2)d(t=74.42,P<0.05),the inhospital cost was (6591±41)yuan versus(4860±32)yuan(t=-12.19,P<0.05),the incision infection rate was 0 and 2.8%(X~2=25.40,P<0.05).Postoperative analgesics were needed in 3.8% and 31.4% (X~2=30.63,P<0.05).All the patients were followed-up from 4.5 years to 9.8 years(average 6.8 years).The development of incision hernia in group A and B was 0 versus 0.64% (X~2=5.01,P<0.05).Conclusions Laparoscopic appendectomy is a therapy of choice for patients with acute appendicitis with advantages of minimal invasion,early recovery,few complications and short hospital stay.

Foundations of Oriental Medicine (FOM) is one of the mandatory examinations for the Diplomate of Oriental Medicine (Dipl.OM.), Chinese Herbology (Dipl.CH.), or Acupuncture (Dipl. Ac.) by American National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (NCCAOM). In the light of NCCAOM Certification Handbook, Foundations of Oriental Medicine Expanded Content Outline,and Foundations of Oriental Medicine Study Guide, the authors introduced the examination pattern and examination-related contents including: Clinical diagnostic methods; assessment, analysis, and pattern-differentiation based upon Oriental Medicine theory and treatment principle and strategy.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of prone flexed posture lumber CT/MRI examination for lumber disc herniation. Methods Supine posture CT/MRI (SPCT/MRI) and prone flexed posture CT/MRI (PFPCT/MRI) examinations were performed on 1200 patients with lumber disc herniation.The imaging findings on SPCT/MRI and PFPCT/MRI of each case were compared. According to the CT/MRI diagnostic criteria for encapsulated lumber disc herniation ( HLDH ), adhered lumber disc herniation (ALDH) and ruptured lumber disc herniation ( RLDH), the 1200 cases were divided into three groups. On the basis of PFPCT/MRI findings, 868 cases were selected for percutaneous lumbar diskectomy (PLD) with half to twelve years follow up. Treatment effects of PLD on HLDH, ALDH and RLDH were analyzed with x2test. Results Among 249 ALDH cases diagnosed by SPCT/MRI 35 were identified as HLDH by PFPCT/MRI. Among 163 RLDH cases diagnosed by SPCT/MRI, 9 HLDH and 17 ALDH were identified by PFPCT/MRI. In 868 cases treated with PLD, the effective rate of HLDH ( n = 832), ALDH ( n = 25 ), RLDH ( n =11 ) were 825/832 (99. 2% ), 13/25, and 1/11 respectively. The effective rate of HLDH is significantly different from that of ALDH and RLDH ( x2 = 369. 69, P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion PFPCT/MRI may change the grouping result of lumber disc herniation made by SPCT/MRI and can be used to objectively select patients for PLD.

To study the expression and distribution of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and long leptin receptor (OB-Rb) in the gastrointestinal tract of giant panda, samples of three animals were collected from the key laboratory for reproduction and conservation genetics of endangered wildlife of Sichuan province, China conservation and research center for the giant panda. Paraffin sections of giant panda gastrointestinal tissue samples were observed using hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) and strept actividin-biotin complex immunohistochemical staining (IHC). The results show that the intestinal histology of three pandas was normal and no pathological changes, and there were rich single-cell and multi-cell mucous glands, long intestinal villi and thick muscularis mucosa and muscle layer. Positive cells expressing NPY and OB-Rb were widely detected in the gastrointestinal tract by IHC methods. NPY positive nerve fibers and neuronal cell were widely distributed in submucosal plexus and myenteric plexus, especially in the former. They were arranged beaded or point-like shape. NPY positive cells were observed in the shape of ellipse and polygon and mainly located in the mucous layer and intestinal glands. OB-Rb positive cells were mainly distributed in the mucous layer and the laminae propria, especially the latter. These results confirmed that NPY and OB-Rb are widely distributed in the gut of the giant panda, which provide strong reference for the research between growth and development, digestion and absorption, and immune function.
Animals ; China ; Intestines ; metabolism ; Neuropeptide Y ; genetics ; metabolism ; Receptors, Leptin ; genetics ; metabolism ; Ursidae ; genetics ; metabolism

Performance evaluation of administrative personnel is challenging for performance reform of public hospitals. Constructing a reasonable performance evaluation plan for such personnel is conducive to promoting the high-quality and efficient development of hospitals. Hospital H has been exploring the implementation of performance evaluation reform for administrative personnel since 2019. Firstly, it clarified the responsibilities of various administrative management positions throughout the hospital and adopted the Hay position evaluation method for job value evaluation. Secondly, based on this, a performance evaluation index system covering common indexes, personality indexes, and implicit ability indexes was constructed, and the calculation and distribution methods of performance bonuses were clarified. The development of common indexes was based on the hospital′s " 14th Five Year Plan" , while individual indexes were used as key performance evaluation points of each department formulated according to the hospital′s annual key work breakdowns and the " 14th Five Year Plan" . The implicit ability index was constructed based on the competency model to guide and promote the personal development of employees. Finally, the hospital established a feedback and monitoring mechanism to ensure the steady operation of the performance evaluation plan. Thanks to the performance reform of administrative personnel based on job value evaluation, Hospital H has eliminated the phenomenon of " egalitarianism" in the distribution of administrative personnel performance, played a guiding and motivating role in performance evaluation for employees, and achieved better implementation of the hospital′s strategic goals. This can provide reference for the performance reform of administrative personnel in other medical institutions.

Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a recently discovered parvovirus, which is suspected to be an etiologic agent of respiratory disease and gastrointestinal disease in human. In the present study, we screened 941 nasopharyngeal aspirates collected from hospitalized children with lower respiratory tract infections from October 9, 2007 to March 20, 2009 in the Children's Hospital of Hubei Province. Our results showed that 33 of 941 samples (3.51%) were detected positive for HBoV. To obtain a full-length HBoV clone, three segments which covered the nearly full-length genome were amplified by PCR from HBoV positive samples separately and cloned into pBluescript SK II vector, and the resulting plasmid was designated as pWHL-1 (GenBank Acession No. GU139423). We constructed the both EGFP and luciferase reporter gene vectors under the control of the HBoV unique promoter, respectively. Our data demonstrated that the HBoV promoter exhibited very high activity in all mammalian cells tested by fluorescent microscopy observation of the EGFP and luciferase activity assay and its strength was 4-5 fold higher compared to that of the CMV promoter. This work provided an excellent tool for further study of the mechanism of transcription and expression of the viral genome.
Base Sequence ; Child, Preschool ; Cloning, Molecular ; Female ; Genome, Viral ; genetics ; Human bocavirus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Pneumonia ; virology ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

Objective To compare the clinical effects of combined anterolateral and posterolateral approach,lateral incision via double intermuscular spatia approach,and posterolateral transfibular approach in the treatment of fractures of anterolateral and posterolateral columns of tibial plateau.Methods A retrospective analysis was done of the 18 patients with fracture of anterolateral and posterolateral columns of tibial plateau who had been treated at our hospital from January 2012 to January 2015.They were 10 men and 8 women,aged from 28 to 58 years (mean,35.5 years).They were divided into 3 equal groups.Group A was treated with combined anterolateral and posterolateral approach,group B with lateral incision via double intermuscular spatia approach and group C with posterolateral transfibular approach.Operation time,surgical blood loss and complications were recorded.At the final follow-ups,Rasmussen score was used to evaluate the fracture reduction and Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee score to assess functions of the involved knees.Results The 18 patients were followed up for 10 to 18 months (average,13.3 months).No such early complications as incision infection or deep vein thrombosis occurred.The operation time (89.5 min and 79.3 min,respectively) and surgical blood loss (151.7 mL and 207.8 mL,respectively) for groups A and B were obviously less than those for group C (102.5 min;260.2 mL);the incision length for group A (10.5 cm) was shorter than that for group B (17.4 cm) and for group C (16.3 cm);group C had more cases of excellent reduction (6) than groups A and B (4 for both).There were no obvious differenc es between groups A,B and C in the Rasmussen score (16.8,17.0 and 16.3) or HSS score (86.3,86.0 and 85.7).One case of delayed incision healing due to partial necrosis occurred in group B.At the final follow-ups in group C,the varus stress test showed 2 cases of laxation of degree Ⅱ and 2 cases of laxation of degree Ⅰ.Conclusions In the treatment of fractures of anterolateral and posterolateral columns of tibial plateau,all the 3 approaches can lead to good exposure,fine reduction,rigid fixation and satisfactory outcomes.Although the combined anterolateral and posterolateral approach and lateral incision via double intermuscular spatia approach can lead to similar exposure ranges and fixation effects,the latter is easier in operation while the former exposes the anterior and posterior spatia more fully,allowing the anterior and posterior plates to be better positioned.The posterolateral transfibular approach can lead to the largest exposure range and more precise reduction,but it has risks of damage to the lateral ligamentous structure,greater invasion,postoperative lateral instability and injury to the common peroneal nerve.