Objective　To study the relationship between the expression of p16 and nm23-H1 and clinicopathology in the patients with gastric cancer. 　Methods　p16 and nm23-H1 protein in cancer tissue of 65 patients were observed with labelled streptavidin biotin (LSAB) immunohistochemical method.　Results　The total positive rate of p16 and nm23-H1 was 30.8% and 41.5% respectively in gastric cancer tissues. The positive expression rate of p16 was significantly higher in well-differentiated cancer than in poorly-differentiated cancer (P＜0.05). The positive expression rate of p16 and nm23-H1 was higher in patients with lymph node metastasis than in those without lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05，P＜0.01) and in clinical stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ than in stage Ⅲ (P＜0.05，P＜0.01).The 3-year survival rate was higher in positive cases of p16 or nm23-H1 protein expression (45.0%，51.9%）than in negative ones（28.9%、21.1%）(P＜0.05).There was a significants positive correlation between p16 and nm23-H1 protein expression(r=0.041*!5,P＜0.05).　Conclusions　p16 and nm23-H1 may play a role in the development of gastric cancer and be related to partial biological behavior. Expression of p16 and nm23-H1 may serve as a marker for predicting the cancer metastasis and evaluating the prognosis of gastric cancer patients.

Objective　To study the relationship between the expression of p16 and nm23-H1 and clinicopathology in the patients with gastric cancer. 　Methods　p16 and nm23-H1 protein in cancer tissue of 65 patients were observed with labelled streptavidin biotin (LSAB) immunohistochemical method.　Results　The total positive rate of p16 and nm23-H1 was 30.8% and 41.5% respectively in gastric cancer tissues. The positive expression rate of p16 was significantly higher in well-differentiated cancer than in poorly-differentiated cancer (P＜0.05). The positive expression rate of p16 and nm23-H1 was higher in patients with lymph node metastasis than in those without lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05，P＜0.01) and in clinical stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ than in stage Ⅲ (P＜0.05，P＜0.01).The 3-year survival rate was higher in positive cases of p16 or nm23-H1 protein expression (45.0%，51.9%）than in negative ones（28.9%、21.1%）(P＜0.05).There was a significants positive correlation between p16 and nm23-H1 protein expression(r=0.041*!5,P＜0.05).　Conclusions　p16 and nm23-H1 may play a role in the development of gastric cancer and be related to partial biological behavior. Expression of p16 and nm23-H1 may serve as a marker for predicting the cancer metastasis and evaluating the prognosis of gastric cancer patients.

Objective:To identify the risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) after thoracoscopic lung resection and evaluate the predictive value for the development of PPCs.Methods:The perioperative data of patients, aged≥18 yr, of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical statusⅠ-Ⅲ, were obtained through the electronic medical record system.The blood routine within 24 h after surgery was recorded, and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) was calculated.According to the development of PPCs, the patients were divided into non-PPCs group and PPCs group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the variables of which P values were less than 0.05 to identify the risk factors for PPCs, and the receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn to evaluate the predictive value of risk factors. Results:A total of 699 patients were enrolled in this study, including 620 patients in non-PPCs group and 79 patients in PPCs group.The results of logistic regression analysis found that body mass index ≥25 kg/m 2, ASA physical status Ⅲ, lung segmental resection, resection of lobes or above, multi-port thoracoscopic surgery and increased postoperative SII were the risk factors for PPCs ( P<0.05 or 0.01). The AUC (95% confidence interval) of postoperative SII in predicting PPCs was 0.636 (0.599-0.671) ( P<0.05), the cut-off value of SII in predicting PPCs was set at 1 052.3, and the sensitivity and specificity were 68.4% and 57.3%, respectively. Conclusions:Body mass index ≥25 kg/m 2, ASA physical status Ⅲ, lung segmental resection, resection of lobes or above, multi-port thoracoscopic surgery and increased postoperative SII are the risk factors for PPCs.Postoperative SII can predict the occurrence of PPCs to a certain extent in the patients undergoing thoracoscopic lung resection.

The "Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, DOHaD" theory suggests that adverse factors in early life can lead to the occurrence of chronic diseases in adulthood. In recent years, it has been discovered that maternal factors, intrauterine development environment and environmental exposure during pregnancy can mediate the changes of early egg/embryo development, promote the occurrence of reproductive disorders such as polycystic ovary syndrome, diminished ovarian reserve, and endometriosis, and induce intergenerational genetic effects. This article has reviewed the progress of research on maternal factors which may affect the pathogenesis of reproductive disorders, and expounds its mechanism from the perspectives of epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modification and non-coding small RNA (miRNA) modification, with an aim to provide insights for studying the occurrence of adult reproductive disorders in early life and before pregnancy.

ObjectiveTo explore the possible mechanisms of Wenyang Huazhuo Formula （温阳化浊方， WHF） in improving reproductive aging from the perspective of the ovarian mechanical microenvironment. MethodsThe experiment included five groups， 3-month group （20 female mice at 3 months of age）， 6-month group （20 female mice at 6 months of age）， 6-month + WHF group （20 female mice at 5 months of age treated with WHF）， 9-month group （20 female mice at 9 months of age）， and 9-month + WHF group （20 female mice at 8 months of age treated with WHF）. The 6-month + WHF group and 9-month + WHF group were orally administered WHF 41.2 g/（kg·d） once daily for 4 consecutive weeks. The other three groups received no intervention. Reproductive hormone levels were measured by ELISA. HE staining was used to count the numbers of various stages of follicles. Ovarian hyaluronic acid （HA） content and collagen fiber content were measured to evaluate the ovarian mechanical microenvironment. Superovulation was performed to observe the number of eggs obtained， as well as the number of offspring and birth weight to assess fertility. The in vitro fertilization and blastocyst culture of oocytes from female offspring in each group were observed to evaluate the effect of WHF on offspring reproductive potential. ResultsCompared with the 3-month group， the 6-month group and 9-month group showed significantly decreased serum levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH）， follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）， and luteinizing hormone （LH）， decreased ovarian collagen content， and reduced numbers of primordial and secondary follicles. In contrast， the numbers of primary follicles， antral follicles， and atretic follicles increased. The levels of anti-Müllerian hormone （AMH）， ovarian HA content， and the fertilization rate， cleavage rate， and blastocyst formation rate of oocytes from offspring were significantly lower （P＜0.05）. Compared with the 6-month group， the 6-month + WHF group showed significantly reduced serum levels of GnRH， FSH， and LH， with a significant decrease in primary follicles， antral follicles， and atretic follicles as well as increase of AMH levels， ovarian HA content， number of primordial and secondary follicle， egg count， and offspring birth weight （P＜0.05）. Compared with the 9-month group， the 9-month + WHF group exhibited reduced GnRH， FSH， and collagen fiber content， as well as reduced number of primary follicles， antral follicles， and atretic follicles. However， AMH levels， ovarian HA content， number of primordial and secondary follicle， egg count， offspring numbers， birth weight， fertilization rate， cleavage rate， and blastocyst formation rate of oocytes from offspring all significantly increased （P＜0.05）. ConclusionWHF can significantly improve the ovarian reserve， fertility， and reproductive potential in offspring during reproductive mid-life and late-life stages. Its effect may be related to the remodeling of the mechanical microenvironment of aging ovaries. Moreover， the effect on the mechanical microenvironment remodeling of late-stage ovaries and the improvement of the offspring reproductive potential is more significant.

DNA methylation is an important type of epigenetic modification in eukaryotes. In order to research genome-wide methylation levels and patterns in foxtail millet (Setaria italica), the Methylation Sensitive Amplified Polymorphism (MSAP) analysis (employing double digestion with EcoR I and Hpa II/Msp I) was established and applied in two foxtail millet cultivars (Chaogu 58 and Yugu 1). The results showed that 32 pairs of MSAP primers were selected from 100 MSAP primers, and 1 615 and 1 482 clearly distinguishable and reproducible bands were amplified from Chaogu 58 and Yugu 1 respectively, including 3 types of methylation patterns. Cytosine methylation levels of CCGG context in Chaogu 58 and Yugu 1 were characterized as 6.93% and 8.77% respectively. Such different genomic DNA methylation levels between two foxtail millet varieties may provide a preliminary reference for the cultivation of this crop from a novel epigenetic viewpoint.
DNA Methylation ; Genome, Plant ; Genomics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Setaria Plant