OBJECTIVE To explore the drug-resistant situation and patients′ basis condition of clinical isolated Enterococcus from Jan to Dec in 2008 to offer evidence for drug-resistant monitoring and clinical antibiotics usage.METHODS All clinical specimens were isolated and cultured and identification conform to Standard′ Operation.The bacteria were identified by using the automatic microorganism analyzer VITEK-2,and bacteria′s drug susceptibility tests were performed using counterparts panel.RESULTS 273 strains Enterococci were isolated,of which E.faecalis were 158 strains,E.faecium were 109 strains,the others were 6 strains.The isolated HLAR E.faecalis were 80 strains and HLAR E.faecium were 10 strains,the isolated.ratio of HLAR was different(P

Objective To understand the carriage of NDM-1 and other carbapenemases in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacterbaumannii(CRAB)in Jiangxi area,and provide laboratory basis for the prevention and control of healthcare-associated infection (HAI). Methods Sixty-four strains of CRAB isolated from clinical specimens from 3 tertiary first-class hospitals in Jiangxi area from January 2015 to June 2016 were collected,susceptibility to com-monly used antimicrobial agents were detected with Kirby-Bauer method. Carbapenemases and metalloenzyme in CRAB were screened with modified Hodge test and EDTA-disk synergy test respectively,carbapenems gene was de-tected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR),NDM-1-producing Acinetobacterbaumannii (A. baumannii)were per-formed conjugation test.Results The resistance rates of CRAB to ampicillin/sulbactam,ciprofloxacin,gentamicin, and levofloxacin were up to 95.31% ,98.44% ,90.63% ,and 54.69% respectively. The positive rates of modified Hodge test and EDTA-disk synergy test were 76.56% and 96.88% respectively. PCR amplification result showed that 87.50% (n= 56)of CRAB carried OXA-23 and VIM-1 genes,18.75% (n= 12)carried SIM,3.13% (n= 2)car-ried OXA-24,and 26.56% (n= 17)carried NDM-1 . CRAB carrying NDM-1 gene were all from The First Affilia-ted Hospital of Nanchang University,64.70% (11/17)of which were pandrug-resistant strains. Conjugation test re-sult showed that NDM-1-producing strains could transfer NDM-1 gene to recipient strain Escherichiacoli J53,then acquired resistance to imipenem. Conclusion Antimicrobial resistance rates of clinically isolated CRAB in this area are high,OXA-23 and VIM-1 genes are the main carbapenemase genes,NDM-1 gene positive CRAB is detected, and there may be a clonal spread of NDM-1 gene in hospital,effective measures should be taken as soon as possible to prevent and control the spread of NDM-1 positive CRAB.

OBJECTIVE To explore the drug-resistant situation of clinical isolated Escherichia coli in our hospital from Jun to Dec in 2007,the aim is to offer evidence for drug-resistant monitoring and clinical antibiotics usage in our hospital. METHODS All clinical specimens isolated and cultured from patients were identified by using the automatic microorganism analyzer VITEK-2 as well as bacteria's drug susceptibility tests were performed using counterparts panel. RESULTS A total of 352 strains E. coli were isolated. The isolated ratio of extended spectram-?-lactamases (ESBLs) producing E. coli was 66.2% (233/352),no ESBLs producing E. coli was 33.8% (119/352). From them 111 strains E. coli were isolated in sputum and 89 strains were ESBLs producing and 22 strains were no ESBLs producing; 111 strains E. coli were isolated in urine and 62 strains were ESBLs producing and 49 strains were no ESBLs producing. The drug-resistance difference was obvious between them as well as between strains isolated from different sites. Better to select piperacillin/tazobactam,cefotetan,ertapenem,imipenem,amikacin,and nitrofurantoin to cure all isolated E. coli infection.CONCLUSIONS The drug-resistance of ESBLs producing E. coli is severe (66.2%) so that hospital administers should strengthen antibiotics usage management and improve antibiotics rational usage,inorder to decrease occurrance of bacterial resistance.

PURPOSE: C-end rule (CendR) peptides are found to enhance the penetration of chemotherapeutic agents into tumor cells, while GX1 is a peptide that homes to gastric cancer (GC) vasculature. This study aimed to synthesize a novel peptide GX1-RPAKPAR (GXC) and to explore the effect of GXC on sensitizing GC cells to chemotherapeutic agents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Intracellular Adriamycin concentration analysis was applied to conform whether GXC peptide increases the penetration of chemotherapeutic agents into GC cells in vitro. The effect of GXC peptide on sensitizing GC cells to chemotherapeutics was validated by apoptosis assay and in vitro/vivo drug sensitivity assay. The specificity of GXC to GC tissue was validated by ex vivo fluorescence imaging. RESULTS: In vitro, administration of GXC significantly increased Adriamycin concentrations inside SGC-7901 cells, and enhanced the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents by decreasing the IC50 value. In vivo, FITC-GXC specifically accumulated in GC tissue. Moreover, systemic co-injection with GXC peptide and Adriamycin statistically improved the therapeutic efficacy in SGC-7901 xenograft models, surprisingly, without obviously increasing side effects. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrated that co-administration of the novel peptide GXC with chemotherapeutic agents may be a potential way to enhance the efficacy of anticancer drugs in GC treatment.
Apoptosis ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Therapy* ; Heterografts ; In Vitro Techniques ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Optical Imaging ; Peptides ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Stomach Neoplasms*

Objective To understand the molecular characteristics of Streptomycin(SM)resistance in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB)in Jiangxi Province,and to explore the relationship between SM resistant genes(rpsL,rrs and gidB)mutations and SM resistant phenotypes in Beijing genotype TB.Methods 106 non-replicated MDR-TB isolates were collected from Gaoxin Branch of The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University and Jiangxi Provincial Chest Hospital from January to December 2021,and tested for drug-resistance phenotypes,whether they were Beijing genotype or not and the characteristics of rpsL,rrs and gidB gene mutations.Chi-square test was performed to determine whether rpsL,rrs and gidB mutations were related to genotypes and drug-resistance phenotypes.Results Among 106 cases of MDR-TB,76 cases were resistant to SM.A total of 58 cases had rpsL 43A>G mutation,8 cases had 88A>G mutation,5 cases had rrs mutation,and 3 cases had gidB mutation.Statistical analysis showed that the coincidence rate of gene mutation and phenotypic drug-resistance detection was 89.6%,and the specificity and sensitivity were 86.7%and 90.8%,respectively.The isolated rate of Beijing genotype TB was 88.7%,and the drug-resistant gene mutations were mainly concentrated in rpsL and rrs,while the drug-resistant mutations of non-Beijing genotype were mainly concentrated in gidB;in addition,Beijing genotype bacteria were more prone to gene mutations(P = 0.013),but there was no difference in phenotypic drug-resistance.Conclusions Mutations in rpsL,rrs,and gidB genes have a good coincidence rate with phenotypic drug-resistance,and molecular biology can be used to detect directly drug-resistance genes to predict bacterial resistance;TB genotypes are strongly associated with streptomycin resistance characteristics.