Objective To investigate the clinical effects of montelukes in treatement of wheezing infants with viral infections. Methods 90 wheezing infants with viral infections were divided into oral Montelukas treatment( Group A) 50 cases and inhaled corticosteroid treatment (Group B) 40 cases, Group B were treated with conventional therapy plus glucocorticoids, Group A in addition to therapy with Montelukast 4mg/time at a draught quaque nocte for 10 days. The clinical effect 、improvement of symptoms 、 pulmonary function, blood gas analysis and the side effects were observed for the infants in both groups. Results The viral infections-positive with first break in 70 cases (77. 7% ) were significantly higher than that recurrent break in 20 cases (22.2% ) (x2 =6. 65, P ＜ 0.01) ; The scores of PaO2 after treatment were significantly higher than before treatment in two groups( t = 2. 542,2.533,all P ＜ 0. 05 ) ; A total effective rate was 88. 0% in group A which was significantly higher than that 72. 5% in group B( x2 = 3. 751 ,P ＜ 0.05) ;The adverse reactions incidence 4. 0% (2/50) in group A was significantly lower than the B group 10. 0% (4/40) in group B(x2 =3.857,P＜0.05). Conclusion Montelukast had definitely effect for infant wheezing with virus infection, and had less side effects.

Objective To prepare the Polyporus umbellatus polysaccharides (PUPS) long cirrculating liposomes (LCLs) and to study the quality control of PUPS LCLs. Methods The PUPS LCLs were prepared by chloroform infusion combined with the ammonium sulphate gradient method. The content and encapsulation efficiency of PUPS in LCLs were determined by UV-Sephadex method. Results Mean diameter of the PUPS LCLs was 100 nm, with the encapsulation efficiency of 55.3%. Conclusion The LCLs with high encapsulation efficiency and small particle size could be prepared by chloroform infusion combined with the ammonium sulphate gradient method. UV-Sephadex method is suitable for the quality control of PUPS LCLs and the results are reliable.

Objective To study the relationship between the medial artery calcification and expression of core-binding factor alpha 1 (Cbf α-1) and collagen Ⅱ (Col Ⅱ) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5 patients.Methods Pieces of radial arteries were taken from 40 patients with CKD stage 5 during internal arteriovenous fistula operation.Ten patients with subtotal gastrectomy and normal renal function were chosen as control.The vessels were examined for calcification by von Kossa stain and for the presence of Cbfα-1 and Col Ⅱ by immunohistochemistry.According to von Kossa stain,CKD stage 5 patients were divided into no calcification group,mild-moderate calcification group and severe calcification group.Other related factors including serum calcium,phosphate,intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH),C-reactive protein (CRP),triglyceride(TG),cholesterol(TC) and lowdensity lipoproteins(LDL) were also detected.Results Seventeen (42.5％) of CKD Stage 5 patients showed vascular calcification,while calcification was not found in controls.Most calcification occurred in medial layer.Positive immunohistochemical staining of core-binding factor and Col Ⅱ was found in the smooth muscular cell plasma of medial layer in the vessels with calcification.However,above positive staining was also observed in 78.3％ of no calcification group.But there was little staining in control group.Positive staining score of Cbfα-1 and Col Ⅱ in severe calcification group was significantly higher than that in no calcification group.Same findings were obtained in mild-moderate calcification group,but the difference between them was not statistically significant.CRP and Ca × P were positively correlated with staining score of Cbfα-1 and Col Ⅱ.Serum phosphate was positively correlated with Cbfα-1 (r=0.786,P＜0.01) and Col Ⅱ (r=0.785,P＜0.01) respectively.Conclusions 42.5％ of CKD stage 5 patients in our group shows vascular calcification,which occurrs mainly in medial layer.High expression of Cbfα-1 and Col Ⅱ can be observed in vascular calcification of radial arteries,which is earlier than vascular histological changes.Cbfα-1 and Col Ⅱ may be involved in the development of vascular calcification.

This study compared a new type of polysaccharide-coated magnetic nanoparticles (in which the polysaccharide is derived from Angelica sinensis) with the dextran magnetic nanoparticles in terms of preparation, biocompatibility and tissue distribution in vivo and in vitro in order to examine the potential application of Angelica polysaccharide as a novel carrier in magnetic drug targeting (MDT). Magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by chemical co-precipitation. Their physical and chemical properties were determined by using the transmission electron microscope (TEM), laser particle size analyzer (DLS) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and their purity and structure by using X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The atomic absorption spectrometric method was performed for quantification of the iron content in different tissues. Histological sections were stained by Prussian blue staining to observe the disposition of magnetic nanoparticles in the liver and kidney. The results showed that both kinds of magnetic nanoparticles possessed small particle size, good dispersion and good magnetic properties. XRD showed the main component of the two magnetic nanoparticles was Fe(3)O(4) crystals, and FTIR proved Fe(3)O(4) was successfully coated by each polysaccharide, respectively. In vivo, Fe(3)O(4)-dextran accumulated in the liver, spleen and lung and Fe(3)O(4)-Angelica polysaccharide only in the spleen and lung. It was concluded that Angelica polysaccharide may be applied as a novel carrier in the preparation of magnetic nanoparticles.

In this paper,a pulsed magnetic fields stimulation instrument is designed and realized,which provides a pulsed magnetic field with the range of maximal intensity from 0.01~2T,frequency from 0.2~100Hz and time width of pulse from 0.01~1ms.The instrument,controlled by the hand,foot or itself,can display stimulus intensity and times and output trigger signals with different waveforms to make measuring devices operate synchronistically.

The author thinks the key to the problem is to prepare lessons wholeheartedly. The contents includes preparing teaching contents and preparing for students.The secondary problem is the skill of classroom teaching,which consists of how to attract the students’attention and mo-bilize their enthusiasm and how to apply body language,etc.

This study compared a new type of polysaccharide-coated magnetic nanoparticles (in which the polysaccharide is derived from Angelica sinensis) with the dextran magnetic nanoparticles in terms of preparation, biocompatibility and tissue distribution in vivo and in vitro in order to examine the potential application of Angelica polysaccharide as a novel carrier in magnetic drug targeting (MDT). Magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by chemical co-precipitation. Their physical and chemical properties were determined by using the transmission electron microscope (TEM), laser particle size analyzer (DLS) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and their purity and structure by using X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The atomic absorption spectrometric method was performed for quantification of the iron content in different tissues. Histological sections were stained by Prussian blue staining to observe the disposition of magnetic nanoparticles in the liver and kidney. The results showed that both kinds of magnetic nanoparticles possessed small particle size, good dispersion and good magnetic properties. XRD showed the main component of the two magnetic nanoparticles was Fe(3)O(4) crystals, and FTIR proved Fe(3)O(4) was successfully coated by each polysaccharide, respectively. In vivo, Fe(3)O(4)-dextran accumulated in the liver, spleen and lung and Fe(3)O(4)-Angelica polysaccharide only in the spleen and lung. It was concluded that Angelica polysaccharide may be applied as a novel carrier in the preparation of magnetic nanoparticles.
Angelica sinensis ; chemistry ; Animals ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; chemical synthesis ; Liver ; chemistry ; Lung ; chemistry ; Magnetite Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; ultrastructure ; Male ; Materials Testing ; Organ Specificity ; Particle Size ; Polysaccharides ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spleen ; chemistry ; Surface Properties ; Tissue Distribution

Objective:To investigate the normal reference values of spinal bone mineral density measured by quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and the differences of bone mineral density (BMD) in different regions of in Chinese adult males.Methods:Men who underwent low-dose CT lung scan for cancer screening in regions of Northeast, North, East, South, Central and Southwest of China from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected. And the lumbar vertebrae BMD values in the male subjects were measured by the QCT system (Mindways Software, Inc.). The mean BMD values and their decline rates were calculated at an age interval of 10 years, and the prevalence of osteoporosis was calculated according to the American College of Radiology spine QCT osteoporosis diagnostic criteria.Results:A total of 50 682 males with a mean age of (50.22±12.79) years (ranged 20 to 98 years) were included in this study. The peak BMD of (173.11±28.56) mg/cm 3 in the healthy Chinese adult male population appeared in the age group of 20 to 29 years and then declined with age. Before the age of 70 years, the BMD was relatively higher in males in South China, and it was lower in Central China and Southwest China, and it was intermediate in Northeast, North and East of China, with statistically significant differences. There was no significant differences in BMD in the males in the two age groups of 70 to 79 years and 80 and older among the regions in China. The overall decline rate of spinal BMD in Chinese males under QCT was about 46.92% over the lifetime, and it declined obviouslyin the 40-49 age group. The overall prevalence of osteoporosis in Chinese male population aged 50 years and above was approximately 11.42%, with the highest prevalence in Southwest China and Central China (14.72% and 13.87%, respectively) and the lowest in North China and South China (8.53% and 7.71%, respectively). Conclusions:A reference of lumbar spine BMD values for healthy males in China based on QCT is established. BMD values were highest in South China and Lowest in Central China.

Objective:To establish the normal reference value of lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) under quantitative CT (QCT) in Chinese healthy adult females and to explore the regional differences.Methods:Total of 35 431 healthy women who met the inclusion criteria of Chinese health quantitative CT big data program were selected in this study. The BMD of the central plane of L 1 and L 2 vertebrae was measured by Mindways′s QCT system, and the mean value was taken. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the BMD differences of lumbar vertebrae in women of different ages and regions. The subjects were grouped by an age interval of 10 years, and the level of BMD in different regions of the same age group were compaired. Results:The peak BMD of Chinese healthy adult women appeared in the age group of 20-29 years (Northeast China(183.01±24.58) mg/cm 3, North China (188.93±24.80) mg/cm 3, East China (187.54±27.71) mg/cm 3, South China (186.22±33.72) mg/cm 3, Central China (176.33±24.91) mg/cm 3, Southwest China(182.25±28.00) mg/cm 3), and then it decreased with age. The level of BMD in different regions decreased with the age. Before the age of 70 years, BMD in Central and Southwest China was always at a low level((176.23±24.91) to (90.38±28.12) mg/cm 3, 182.25±28.00 to (88.55±25.68) mg/cm 3), lower than those in Northeast China ((183.01±24.58) to (99.69±27.85) mg/cm 3), North China ((188.93±24.80) to (95.89±26.12) mg/cm 3), East China ((187.54±27.71) to (95.65±27.86) mg/cm 3). After 70 years of age, BMD tended to be the same in different regions ( P>0.05). The BMD values in Central China and Southwest China were similar in the age group of 40-60 years ( P>0.05). The BMD values in the health adult femles in the age group of 60 years in different regions of Chinawere all lower than those of bone mass abnormality (all P<0.05). The detection rate of osteoporosis in females over 50 years was the highest in Southwest China (25.65%) and it was the lowest in North China (17.30%). Conclusions:This study establishes reference values of BMD under QCT in healthy Chinese women, which can be used as a reference basis for identifying women with low BMD who are at risk of osteoporosis. The BMD value is the lowest in Southwest China and the highest in South China.

Objective:To use quantitative computed tomography (QCT) technology to measure the bone mineral density of the spine of the Chinese healthy population, and to explore its correlation with hemoglobin and serum albumin.Methods:The data in this study came from the China Health Quantitative CT Big Data Project (China Biobank). The spine bone density was measured by using QCT Pro Image Analysis System and all cooperating centers used the European spine phantom (NO.145) for quality control. Total of 50 053 healthy persons who met the criteria for entry were selected as the research subjects. The subjects were divided into 7 groups according to age. The general data, spine bone density, serum albumin, hemoglobin of the subjects were collected. The single-factor analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis and multi-classification logistic regression model were applied to analyze the correlation between bone density and hemoglobin and serum albumin.Results:The bone mineral density of healthy people decreased with age ( P<0.05), and there were significant differences in hemoglobin, serum albumin and body mass index (BMI) among different age groups (all P<0.05). Linear correlation analysis showed that there were positive correlation between bone mineral density and hemoglobin in healthy males in different age groups ( r=0.086, 0.101, 0.076, 0.090, 0.072, 0.123, 0.100, all P<0.01). There were negative correlation between bone mineral density and hemoglobin in certain age groups in women (40-49 years group: r=-0.027; 70-79 yearsgroup: r=-0.077; both P<0.05). And corelation were found between bone mineral density and serum levels of albumin in certain age groups of healthy subjects (among men, 30-39 years group: r=-0.048; 40-49 years group, r=-0.027; 70-79 years group, r=-0.051; among women, 30-39 years group: r=-0.044; 40-49 years group, r=-0.042; 50-59 years group, r=-0.086; 70-79 years group, r=-0.070; all P<0.05). After adjusting for age and BMI, the multi-category logistic regression analysis showed that the hemoglobin level was protective factor of normal bone density ( OR=1.022, 95% CI:1.017-1.027) and decreased bone density ( OR=1.012, 95% CI:1.007-1.016) in healthy males, and the serum albumin was risk factor for normal bone density ( OR=0.926, 95% CI:0.905-0.948) and decreased bone density ( OR=1.006, 95% CI:0.951-1.011) in healthy women. Conclusion:There is a correlation between bone mineral density and hemoglobin and serum albumin in Chinese healthy population. Hemoglobin is a protective factor for bone mineral density in men, and serum albumin is a risk factor for bone mineral densityin women.