Objective:To evaluate the effect of sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) for STC by receptor tyrosine kinase c-kit.Methods:Wistar rats were fed with diphenoxylate to make slow transit constipation(STC) rat model.Sacral nerve stimulation(SNS) for the SNS Rat Group.The studied animals were allocated into three experimental groups:STC Rat Group;SNS Rat Group;Normal Rat Group;Every group included 10 rats.The c-kit of ICC in the subserosal layer of rats were analyzed by immunohistochemistry,western blot and RT-PCR.Results:The morphological characteristics of STC Rat Group were not comparable to those of the multipolar c-Kit positive ICC seen in the subserosa of colon of normal rat.In the colon of rat,c-kit protein and c-kit gene in SNS rat group and Normal rat group was significantly higher than STC rat group detecting by western blot.Statistical differences between STC Group and SNS Rat Group were found (P＜0.05);statistical differences between STC Group and Normal Rat Group were also found (P＜0.05).There was not statistical differences between SNS rat group and Normal Rat Group.Conclusion:SNS has effective treatment for the STC rat.

Objective To discuss the relativity of dyschesia with the change of puborectalismuscle.Methods 68 patients with dyschesia were compared with 68 healthy volunteers at lithotomy position undergoing 3D ultrasonography on resting,contracting and maximum exertion phase respectively.Three dimensionally reconstructed images were reconstructed and pubo-rectal angle and the thickness of puborectalis muscle at 6 o'clock position were measured.Results The pubo-rectal angle of the study group and control group had no significant differences at either resting [(86 ± 8) ° vs.(86 ± 8)°] or contracting phases [(88 ± 9) ° vs.(86 ± 7) °] (t =-0.145,t =0.434,P ＞ 0.05).While at maximum exertion the differences were significant [(80 ± 6) °vs.(95 ± 5) °,t =-5.397,P ＜ 0.05].The d-value of pubo-rectal angle between maximum and resting exertion statistically different [(6 ± 3) °,(-9 ± 7) °,t =5.551,P ＜ 0.05].The thickness of puborectalis muscle between the two groups differed statistically significant only at maximum exertion phase [(4.60 ± 0.60) mm vs.(3.97 ± 0.32) mm,t =6.872,P ＜ 0.05].The d-value of the thickness of puborectalis muscle between maximum and resting exertion were statistically different (t =-11.474,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The pubo-rectal angle of the study group is smaller at maximum exertion than the control group.The thickness of puborectalis muscle at six o'clock (lithotomy position) in study group is larger at maximum exertion than the control group.And the severity of constipation changed with the variation of angle.

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference of intra-abdominal infection between intracorporeal anastomosis (IA) and extracorporeal anastomosis (EA) in patients undergoing laparoscopic right hemicolectomy within postoperative 30 days.

METHODSClinical date of right colon cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic right hemicolectomy at the Department of Colorectal Surgery, PUMCH from January 1st, 2013 to October 31st, 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with stage IV cancers which could not be radically resected, emergency operation and conversion to open surgery were excluded. The intracorporeal anastomosis and extracorporeal anastomosis were compared in the items of operation time, postoperative infection and postoperative hospital stay.

RESULTSA total of 194 patients were enrolled in the study, including 73 patients with IA and 121 patients with EA. No significant differences were found in gender, age, previous operation history, tumor site and T stage of the tumor between two groups (all P>0.05). There were also no significant differences in mean operative time (162.4 minutes vs. 167.7 minutes, P=0.257), time to first flatus (3.3 days vs. 3.4 days, P=0.744), number of harvested lymph nodes (30.3 nodes vs. 33.8 nodes, P=0.071) and postoperative hospital stay (7 days vs. 7 days, P=0.067) between two groups. The incidence of intra-abdominal infection in patients with IA was significantly higher than that in those with EA [13.7%(10/73) vs. 1.7%(2/121), P=0.001], while the differences of the incidence of wound infection [1.4%(1/73) vs. 3.3%(4/121), P=0.652], respiratory infection [1.4%(1/73) vs. 3.3%(4/121), P=0.652] and urinary tract infection [2.7%(2/73) vs. 0.8%(1/121), P=0.558] were not significant.

CONCLUSIONCompared with EA, IA may increase the risk of intra-abdominal infection in patients undergoing laparoscopic right hemicolectomy.

At present, fatigue state monitoring of upper limb movement generally relies solely on surface electromyographic signal (sEMG) to identify and classify fatigue, resulting in unstable results and certain limitations. This paper introduces the sEMG signal recognition and motion capture technology into the fatigue state monitoring process and proposes a fatigue analysis method combining an improved EMG fatigue threshold algorithm and biomechanical analysis. In this study, the right upper limb load elbow flexion test was used to simultaneously collect the biceps brachii sEMG signal and upper limb motion capture data, and at the same time the Borg Fatigue Subjective and Self-awareness Scale were used to record the fatigue feelings of the subjects. Then, the fatigue analysis method combining the EMG fatigue threshold algorithm and the biomechanical analysis was combined with four single types: mean power frequency (MPF), spectral moments ratio (SMR), fuzzy approximate entropy (fApEn) and Lempel-Ziv complexity (LZC). The test results of the evaluation index fatigue evaluation method were compared. The test results show that the method in this paper has a recognition rate of 98.6% for the overall fatigue state and 97%, 100%, and 99% for the three states of ease, transition and fatigue, which are more advantageous than other methods. The research results of this paper prove that the method in this paper can effectively prevent secondary injury caused by overtraining during upper limb exercises, and is of great significance for fatigue monitoring.
Electromyography/methods* ; Fatigue ; Humans ; Muscle Fatigue ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Upper Extremity

AIM: To observe the changes of macular retinal structure and microcirculation in patients with pituitary adenoma(PA)by optical coherence tomography(OCT)and optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS: Cross-sectional study. A total of 40 PA patients treated at the department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University from September 2021 to March 2023 were included as PA group, and 42 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers were selected as normal control group. All patients underwent visual field, OCT and OCTA examinations, and the correlation of ocular parameters in PA patients was analyzed.RESULTS:The vessel density(VD)of each retinal layer in the macular area of the PA group was lower than that of the normal control group, and the superficial vascular complex(SVC)-VD in the macular area was positively correlated with the thickness of the macular ganglion cell complex(mGCC)(except the nasal side of the inner ring and the lower part of the outer ring; P<0.05). The thickness of mGCC in each quadrant of the macular area and the thickness of the circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(CP-RNFL)in each quadrant were negatively correlated with the mean defect(MD)value of the visual field(P<0.05), and the area of the foveal avascular zone(FAZ)was positively correlated with the MD value(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The combination of OCT and OCTA can fully understand the microscopic changes of retinal structure and microcirculation function in PA patients, which is of great value in evaluating the preoperative visual function of PA patients.