Objective:To evaluate the effect of intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine before induction of anesthesia on concentrations of blood potassium and blood glucose in the patients with gastrointestinal tumors.Methods:One hundred and twenty patients, irrespective of gender, aged 18-75 yr, with body mass index of 18-28 kg/m 2, of American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification Ⅰ-Ⅲ, scheduled for elective radical gastrointestinal tumor surgery, were divided into 3 groups ( n=40 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg group (group D 1), and dexmedetomidine 1.0 μg/kg group (group D 2). Dexmedetomidine 0.5 and 1.0 μg/kg were intravenously infused prior to anesthesia induction over 10 min in D 1 and D 2 groups, while the equal volume of normal saline 20 ml was intravenously infused instead in group C. Before intravenous infusion (T 0), at 15 min after intravenous infusion (T 1), and at 30 min after intravenous infusion (T 2), blood samples from the radial artery were collected for blood gas analysis, and concentrations of blood potassium and blood glucose were recorded. The occurrence of complications such as hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, hyperkalemia, hypokalemia, hypotension, hypertension, tachycardia and bradycardia was also recorded. Results:Compared with C group, the blood glucose concentrations were significantly increased at T 1 in D 1 and D 2 groups and at T 2 in D 2 group ( P<0.05). The blood glucose concentrations were significantly higher at T 1, 2 in D 2 group than in D 1 group ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in blood potassium concentrations at T 0-T 2 among the three groups ( P>0.05). No patients presented with complications such as hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, hyperkalemia, hypokalemia, hypotension, hypertension, tachycardia and bradycardia. Conclusions:Intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine before induction of anesthesia exerts no marked effect on blood potassium concentrations and can increase glucose concentrations to a certain extent, but the elevation has no clinical significance in the patients with gastrointestinal tumors.

Heart failure is the leading cause of death worldwide. Compound Danshen Dripping Pill (CDDP) or CDDP combined with simvastatin has been widely used to treat patients with myocardial infarction and other cardiovascular diseases in China. However, the effect of CDDP on hypercholesterolemia/atherosclerosis-induced heart failure is unknown. We constructed a new model of heart failure induced by hypercholesterolemia/atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and LDL receptor (LDLR) dual deficient (ApoE^-/-LDLR^-/-) mice and investigated the effect of CDDP or CDDP plus a low dose of simvastatin on the heart failure. CDDP or CDDP plus a low dose of simvastatin inhibited heart injury by multiple actions including anti-myocardial dysfunction and anti-fibrosis. Mechanistically, both Wnt and lysine-specific demethylase 4A (KDM4A) pathways were significantly activated in mice with heart injury. Conversely, CDDP or CDDP plus a low dose of simvastatin inhibited Wnt pathway by markedly up-regulating expression of Wnt inhibitors. While the anti-inflammation and anti-oxidative stress by CDDP were achieved by inhibiting KDM4A expression and activity. In addition, CDDP attenuated simvastatin-induced myolysis in skeletal muscle. Taken together, our study suggests that CDDP or CDDP plus a low dose of simvastatin can be an effective therapy to reduce hypercholesterolemia/atherosclerosis-induced heart failure.

Unrestrained inflammation is harmful to tissue repair and regeneration. Immune cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles have been proven to show promise as inflammation targets and multitargeted inflammation controls in the treatment of severe inflammation. Prevention and early intervention of inflammation can reduce the risk of irreversible tissue damage and loss of function, but no cell membrane-camouflaged nanotechnology has been reported to achieve stage-specific treatment in these conditions. In this study, we investigated the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of fibroblast membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles for topical treatment of early inflammation (early pulpitis as the model) with the help of in-depth bioinformatics and molecular biology investigations in vitro and in vivo. Nanoparticles have been proven to act as sentinels to detect and competitively neutralize invasive Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (E. coli LPS) with resident fibroblasts to effectively inhibit the activation of intricate signaling pathways. Moreover, nanoparticles can alleviate the secretion of multiple inflammatory cytokines to achieve multitargeted anti-inflammatory effects, attenuating inflammatory conditions in the early stage. Our work verified the feasibility of fibroblast membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles for inflammation treatment in the early stage, which widens the potential cell types for inflammation regulation.
Escherichia coli ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Inflammation/drug therapy* ; Nanoparticles