Objective To study the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha(HIF-1?) and HIF-1? mRNA after focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion in rats.Methods Adult male SD rats were divided into six groups: sham operation group,5 groups of ischemia/reperfusion(the rats undergoing 2-hour ischemia and then 6-hour,1-day,2-day,3-day and 4-day reperfusion),with 6 rats in each group.Middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) was set up in male SD rats according to Longa' method.The cerebral tissues were analyzed with immunohistochemical methods.The level of HIF-1? protein by immunohistochemical methods and the level of HIF-1? mRNA by in situ hybridization and RT-PCR were detected in the brain tissues.Results HIF-1? protein expression started at 6 h after reperfusion,increased remarkably on day 1,reached the peak on day 3,then declined markedly on day 4.HIF-1? mRNA increased at 6 h after reperfusion,peaked on day 3,then declined on day 4.HIF-1? expression was mainly in the periphery of infarcted area at each time point.Conclusion High expression of HIF-1? during focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in the rat brain tissues,suggests that HIF-1? has neuroprotective effect against cerebral ischemic injury.

Objective To investigate the variations of surface protein genes of avian influenza virus (AIV)before and after infecting mouse.Methods Mouse lung tissue was infected with A/Goose/Guangaong/NH/2003(H5N1)and the virus was isolated 12 hours and 9 days after replication in lung tissue of mouse.The isolated strains were amplified in embryonated chicken eggs,anti the virion RNA was transcribed into cDNA by reverse transeriptase.After amplification and purification,dideoxy-mediated chain termination was performed to detect synthetic oligonucleotide primers and DNA sequence was analyzed.Results The homology of nucleotide sequence for HA gene of three isolated strains was 99.6%-99.8%.and that of amino acid sequences was 99.3%-99.6%.The homology of nucleotide sequence for NA gene of three strains was 99.8%-99.9%.all of them were synonymous mutatinns.No variation was found in M gene.Conclusion After replication in mouse lung tissue,no significant mutation was found in the surface protein genes of AIV except some point mutations in HA genes.

Objective To observe erythropoietin (EPO) and its mRNA expression changes in rats cortical neurons when suffering hypoxia and investigate the endogenous EPO protective effect of hypoxia neuronal cells.Methods Cultured cortical neurons were prepared from hypoxia rats and divided into control,hypoxia 12,24,48,72 h group.Using immunohistochemistry,reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot,we observed EPO and its mRNA expression in cells,and also observe the culture medium containing lactate dehydrogenase to evaluate the activity of neurons in the whole process.Results Immunohistochemistry,RT-PCR and Western blot analysis showed:the EPO (20.79 ± 2.98) and its mRNA (0.78 ± 0.05) at 12 h had a basic expression in hypoxia group,compared with the control group (EPO:17.12 ± 1.99; mRNA:0.39 ± 0.05),and the difference was statistically significant (t =2.51,P ＜ 0.05 ; t =13.51,P ＜ 0.01) ; the strongest expression was observed at 48 h (EPO:28.88 ± 3.41,mRNA:1.45 ± 0.07),the difference was statistically significant (t =7.29,P ＜ 0.01 ; t =33.24,P ＜ 0.01) ; and neuronal activity was strongest.Lactate dehydrogenase activity was significantly decreased after hypoxia 72 h,and also a statistically significant difference was found between the groups at each point.Conclusions The EPO and EPO mRNA expression are increased after hypoxia in neuron cells,and may enhance the activity of neurons.Our study suggests that EPO might be involved in the development process of neuronal hypoxia and play an important role in neuronal hypoxia process.

Objective To acquire the basic information on diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy institutions and the frequency of medical radiation of Hebei province in 2016.Methods A survey was made using questionnaires for basic information on medical X-ray diagnosis,interventional radiology,radiotherapy and clinical nuclear medicine.Values of frequencies were derived for each type of medical X-ray procedure by dividing the total population.Results In 2016 there were 2 951 institutions at province level and 6 966 pieces of equipment involved in diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy treatments.Frequency values were estimated to be 379.25 examinations per 1 000 population in medical X-ay diagnosis,2.31 per 1 000 in interventional radiology,0.55 per 1 000 in radiotherapy and 1.65 per 1 000 in clinical nuclear medicine.The frequency for CT examination was 136.39 per 1 000,accounting for 36％ of the total frequencies in the province,with average annual growth rate of 12.4％.The highest value of frequency in clinical nuclear medicine was from Shijiazhuang among all types of medical procedures in different regions,11 times higher than the lowest value found in Hengshui city.Although the number of tertiary hospitals only accounted for 2.3％ of the total number of institutions,they contributed 25.5％,by examination number,of the medical X-ray diagnosis and 35.3％ of the CT examination.Interventional radiology and radiotherapy contributed more than 70％ of the total frequencies in the province,and clinical nuclear medicine was as high as 97.7％.Conclusions The basic information on diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy institutions and the frequency of medical procedures in Hebei in 2016 have been preliminarily made clear.Medical exposure could maintain a long-term growth trend.The frequency distribution of medical procedures in various regions and medical institutions is highly unbalanced.It is desirable to enhance the macroeconomic regulation and the management of medical radiation protection in order to rationally perform all types of diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy treatments to protect the health and safety of the patients and the examined individuals,and to promote the sustainable development of the health care services.

Objective:To evaluate the oncologic outcomes of different laparoscopic radical hysterectomy.Methods:From January 2011 to December 2014, the laparoscopic operation cases of cervical cancer at stage Ⅰb1, Ⅰb2, Ⅱa1 and Ⅱa2, including the histologic subtypes of squamous-cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma, were collected in five clinical centers. The data were divided into two groups according to the surgical procedures, that is, modified laparoscopic-vaginal radical hysterectomy (mLVRH) and total laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (TLRH). The overall survival rate (OS), disease-free survival rate (DFS) at 5 years were retrospectively analyzed in this study.Results:There were 674 cases in total, including 377 cases of mLVRH, 297 cases of TLRH. (1) The OS at 5 years: the mLVRH was 96.1% and the TLRH was 92.0%, and the mLVRH was higher than that of TLRH （ P=0.010）. Stratify analysis， including stage of disease （Ⅰb1 and Ⅱa1）， histologic subtypes （squamous-cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma）， lymph node metastasis， revealed that, ① Stage of disease: in stage Ⅰb1, the OS at five years of mLVRH was higher than that in TLRH group （98.6% vs 93.6%, P=0.012）. In stage Ⅱa1, there was significant difference between the two groups, the OS at five years of mLVRH and TLRH were 93.6% and 77.6% （ P=0.007）. ② Histologic subtypes: for the OS at five years of squamous-cell carcinoma, mLVRH and TLRH were 96.1% and 92.3%, and there was significant difference （ P=0.046）； for adenocarcinoma, the OS at five years were 91.0% and 88.6%， and there was no difference between two groups （ P=0.230）. ③ Lymph node metastasis： the mLVRH and TLRH with lymph node metastasis, the OS at five years were 98.6% and 96.4%; the mLVRH and TLRH without lymph node metastasis, the OS at five years were 89.3% and 80.8%. There were no significant differences between the two groups,respectively ( P=0.156， P=0.093）. (2) The DFS at 5 years: there was no significant difference between mLVRH and TLRH (94.1% vs 90.9%, P=0.220). Stratify analysis for stage of disease, the mLVRH group was higher than that in the TLRH group in stage Ⅰb1 (97.0% vs 92.8%, P=0.039). However, for stage Ⅱa1, there was no significant difference between mLVRH and TLRH group （88.2% vs 75.8%, P=0.074）. Conclusions:The results of this retrospective study indicated that different laparoscopy surgical procedures had diverse oncologic outcomes. The OS at 5 years of the mLVRH is superior to the TLRH. The DFS at 5 years in Ⅰb1 stage, the mLVRH is higher than the TLRH. Therefore, the modified laparoscopy is still an alternative surgery for early cervical cancer patients when following the principle of no-tumor-exposure.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of preoperative sequential transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) followed by selective portal venous embolization (PVE) in patients with marginally resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).The aim was to find out whether this combined procedure helped to increase the rate of extended radical liver resection.Methods From March 2009 to November 2016,29 patients with HCC which were marginally resectable underwent preoperative TACE combined with PVE were included into this study.All these patients were subsequently assessed to undergo radical hepatectomy.The complications,laboratory results,volume changes of each liver lobe and patient survival were analyzed.Results TACE combined with PVE was successful in all the 29 patients.There were no major complications.After the procedure,the volumes of the tumor and the part of the liver to be resected decreased to certain degree.The remnant liver volume (RLV) increased remarkably.The RLV were (395.4 ±58.7) cm3 and (599.2 ±75.2) cm3 before and after the procedure,respectively.The difference was significant (P ＜ 0.05).19 patients underwent radical hemihepatectomy or trisectionectomy,with a resection rate of 65.5％ (19/29).There were sufficient surgical margins in all the resected tumors.After operation,the 1-,3-,and 5-year survival rates were 58.8％,35.5％ and 17.6％,respectively.Conclusion For HCC patients who had marginally resectable HCC,preoperative TACE combined with PVE efficiently controlled the growth of the tumors,decreased the volume of the liver lobe with tumor,increased the RLV,and made it possible for a planned two-stage radical hepatectomy with sufficient surgical margin and better survival in a significant proportion of patients.

Objective To investigate the number, distribution, and types of radiation of non-medical radiation institutions in Hebei Province, China, and to explore the current radiation protection in the employing units and occupational health management of radiation workers in 2022. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted in the non-medical institutions engaged in nuclear technology application in Hebei Province, and different types of employing units were selected to monitor the radioactivity level in the workplace. Results A total of 681 non-medical institutions engaged in radiation technology application completed the survey, covering all cities with subordinate districts in the province, including 1605 radioactive devices, 2960 active devices, 45 non-uranium metal mines, and 14 non-sealed workplaces. A total of 8617 radiation workers were surveyed, with a personal dose monitoring rate of 70.9%, a radiation protection training rate of 61.1%, and an occupational health examination rate for radiation workers of 59.3%. A total of 614 radiation protection monitoring instruments were provided, with a personal protective equipment allocation rate of 51.1% and a personal dose alarm device allocation rate of 51.8%. The radiation occupational hazardous factor testing was completed for 54 workplaces, and the results were all qualified. Conclusion There are still significant deficiencies in personal dose monitoring in the radiation work units in non-medical institutions and occupational health examination in the radiation work units in our province. The health administrative departments should strengthen health supervision and law enforcement, enhance radiation protection and skill training for employers, and more effectively control the impact of radiation hazards on personnel health.