Objective To compare the differences of event-related potentials (ERP) of left and right cerebral hemispheres and behavioral characteristics in the mental arithmetic practice between ADHD and normal children,and to explore the neural mechanisms of mental arithmetic by ADHD children.Methods ERP and behavioral data of 32 ADHD and 32 normal children in mental arithmetic,to illustrate,simple addition,subtraction and multiplication within 20 were recorded.Results ERP:① The differences of N2 amplitudes in ADHD children 's left and right cerebral hemispheres while doing mental arithmetic,such as,addition,subtraction and multiplication were not statistically significant (addition:(-6.2±7.3) μV,(-6.6± 8.1) pV ; subtraction:(-5.5±6.4) μV,(-5.8± 6.5) μV ; multiplication:(-5.9± 8.2) μV,(-6.0± 8.6) μV ; all P＞0.05).However,normal group's N2 amplitude of left hemisphere(F3) were obviously higher than those of the right hemisphere (F4),considered to be statistically significant difference (addition:(-6.8±4.0) μV,(-5.9±4.3) μV ; subtraction:(-7.5±4.8) μV,(-6.3±4.4) μV ;multiplication:(-6.9±3.7)μV,(-5.7±4.4)pV ; all P＜0.05).② ADHD group's N2 amplitude of subtraction practice was significantly lower than that of addition and multiplication,while normal control group was the opposite.③There were not statistically difference between N2 incubation of left and right hemisphere while addition,subtraction,and multiplication were done (P＞0.05).Behaviorism:① ADHD group's reaction time towards answer making were much longer than those of the normal control group (addition:(983± 183) ms,(833± 164) ms ; subtraction:(1005±160)ms,(859±170)ms;multiphcation:(975±180)ms,(836±175)ms; P＜0.05).② Accurate rate:ADHD group were all lower than those of normal group.Conclusion There were functional limitations of no obviously advantage hemisphere and two hemisphere coordination while ADHD children were performing mental arithmetic,also hmitations in conflicting information processing,decision making,and more obviously in subtraction practice.

To obtain large quantity of human leukocyte antigen F (HLA-F) and cluster of differentiation 8alpha homodimers (CD8alphaalpha) proteins and to study their relationship, HLA-F and CD8alpha genes with rare codon in Escherichia coli were cloned using an N-terminal synonymous mutation method. High-efficiency expression protein inclusion bodies were acquired. The proteins were refolded using the dilution method and purified with gel-filtration and anion exchange chromatography. The results of gel-filtration and native-PAGE indicate that HLA-F interacts with CD8alphaalpha. This interaction may affect the binding between CD8alphaalpha and other MHC molecules to regulate immune responses. These results provide a basis for further research of HLA-F.
CD8 Antigens ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Humans ; Mutation ; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs ; Protein Multimerization ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; isolation & purification

Objective To evaluate the effect of serratus plane block (SPB) combined with general anesthesia and SPB with patient-controlled nerve analgesia (PCNA) after surgery on the early postoperative quality of recovery in the patients undergoing radical mastectomy.Methods Sixty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ female patients,aged 18-64 yr,weighing 45-70 kg,scheduled for elective unilateral modified radical mastectomy under general anesthesia,were assigned into 3 groups (n=20 each) using a computer software:SPB and general anesthesia plus patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) group (SG+PCIA group),SPB and general anesthesia plus SPB with PCNA group (SG+PCNA group),and general anesthesia plus PCIA group (G+PCIA group).Ultrasound-guided ipsilateral SPB was performed before anesthesia induction.Analgesia was maintained with propofol-remifentanilsevoflurane,rocuronium or vecuronium was intermittently injected to maintain muscle relaxation.PCIA solution contained tramadol 800 mg and flurbiprofen axetil 100 mg in 54 ml of normal saline,and the PCA pump was set up to deliver a 2 ml bolus dose,with a 15 min lockout interval and background infusion at a rate of 0.5 ml/h after a loading dose of 5 ml.The location of the indwelling catheter was confirmed again using ultrasound at the end of surgery,PCNA solution contained 1％ ropivacaine 500 mg in 250 ml of normal saline,and the PCA pump was set up to deliver a 5 ml bolus dose,with a 45 min lockout interval and background infusion at a rate of 5 ml/h after a loading dose of 5 ml.The PCA pumps were used until 48 h after surgery.The automatic key was pressed when pain scores (numerical rating scale [NRS] scores) ≥ 4 at rest or during activity (at 45° ipsilateral upper extremity-up tilt).Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40) score was used to assess the early postoperative quality of recovery at 24 and 48 h after surgery.NRS scores at rest or during activity were recorded at 6,8,12,24 and 48 h after surgery.The total pressing times of PCA and occurrence of adverse reactions such as respiratory depression,pruritus,infection at the puncture site or pneumothorax were also recorded.Results Compared with group G+PCIA,the postoperative QoR40 scores were significantly increased,NRS scores at rest or during activity were decreased at each time point after surgery,and the total pressing times of PCA were reduced in SG+PCIA and SG+PCNA groups,the incidence of nausea and vomiting was significantly decreased in group SG+PCIA,and the incidence of nausea and vomiting and dizziness was significantly decreased in group SG+PCNA (P＜0.05 or 0.01).Compared with group SG+PCIA,the postoperative QoR-40 scores were significantly increased at 24 h after surgery,and NRS scores at rest or during activity were decreased after surgery in group SG+PCNA (P＜ 0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion SPB combined with general anesthesia and SPB with PCNA after surgery can raise the early postoperative quality of recovery in the patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy.

OBJECTIVETo explore the technical feasibility, safety, and short-term clinical efficacy of right-to-lateral approach in laparoscopic-assisted radical gastrectomy.

METHODSClinicopathological data of 178 gastric cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic-assisted radical gastrectomy, including 92 patients with right-to-lateral approach(R-LG group) and 86 cases with left-to-lateral approach (L-LG group), in our department from October 2010 to September 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. Short-term efficacy and complication morbidity were compared between R-LG group and L-LG group according to body mass index (BMI).

RESULTSFor those patients with BMI ≥ 24 kg/m², the R-LG group (35 cases) had shorter mean operation time, less intraoperative blood loss, shorter painkiller used time than L-LG group (31 cases)[(227 ± 17) min vs. (262 ± 23) min, (73 ± 9) ml vs. (84 ± 8) ml and (2.1 ± 0.1) d vs. (2.6 ± 0.4) d, all P<0.05]. The average time to ambulation and recovery time of peristalsis in the R-LG group were faster than those in L-LG group [(2.2 ± 0.2) d vs. (2.8 ± 0.6) d and (3.6 ± 0.3) d vs. (4.2 ± 0.5) d, all P<0.05]. The R-LG group had more dissected lymph nodes per patient (35 ± 4) than the L-LG group (30 ± 5) with significant difference (P<0.05). There were no significances in postoperative hospital stay, postoperative complication morbidity and hospitalization expenses between R-LG and L-LG group (all P>0.05). For those patients with BMI<24 kg/m², there were no significant differences in all above parameters between R-LG group (57 cases) and L-LG group (55 cases). No mortality and recurrence was observed during follow-up of 3 to 24 months.

CONCLUSIONRight-to-lateral approach in laparoscopic-assisted radical gastrectomy is a safe and feasible procedure, especially for the obesity patients, which can shorten the operation time, decrease intraoperative blood loss, lead to a faster postoperative recovery and harvest more lymph nodes as compared to L-LG procedure.

Body Mass Index ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Lymph Node Excision ; Obesity ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery

Periodontitis is a multifactorial infectious and inflammatory disease occurring in tooth-supporting tissues. In recent decades, many studies have reported a potential relationship between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease, and periodontal pathogens are an important factor linking periodontitis and cardiovascular disease. In this review, we summarize updated preclinical studies and epidemiological evidence on the association of these two diseases. Moreover, possible mechanisms accounting for such links are introduced, including bacteremia and direct invasion of pathogens, endotoxemia caused by virulence factors of periodontal pathogens leading to systemic inflammation, abnormal lipid metabolism and oxidative stress, which further affect the inflammatory states of the cardiovascular system. The molecular mimicry theory and the intrinsic correlation of apolipoprotein E between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease require further study. Combined with existing studies, it is reasonable to assume that periodontal treatment and oral hygiene can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with periodontitis. More studies are needed to focus on the molecular mechanism linking periodontal pathogens and cardiovascular diseases. These studies will provide evidence that periodontal pathogens directly invade the cardiovascular system or indirectly invade host cells as well as isolate and culture bacteria from the tissues of lesions. Studies should also explore how the local inflammatory state, periodontal pathogens and their products directly influence cardiovascular disease-related biomarkers (C-reactive protein, vascular endothelial growth factor, heat shock protein, etc.) and the mechanism. This information may provide a reference for the effective prevention and treatment of periodontitis and cardiovascular disease in the future.