Objective To evaluate the predictive effects of Narcotrend(NT) monitor on laryngeal mask intubation and consciousness recovery in propofol-laryngeal mask total intravenous anesthesia of gynecilogical surgery.Methods Thirty ASA I patients undergoing elective gynecilogical surgery under general anesthesia with laryngeal mask intubation were anesthetized with propofol by target-controlled infusion (TCI).NT monitor was used to monitor the anesthesia depth.The ventilation was used on the closed circuit breathing mode of ZEUS anesthesia machine.The values of NT stage (NTS),NT index (NTI),the effect compartment concentration (Ce) and hemodynamic parameters were recorded during the time of sleeping,laryngeal mask intubation,propofol stopping pumping,recovery of spontaneous respiration and eyes opening.The incidence rate of intraoperative awareness was recorded.Results The NTI (77±23,30±9) (Z =5.561,P =0.001),Ce [(1.1±0.4) μg/ml vs (2.2±0.4) μg/ml] (Z=6.38,P=0.006),MAP [(92±14) mm Hg (1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa)vs (83±14) mm Hg] (t =2.490,P =0.016) and HR [(74±15) bpm vs (65±10) bpm] (t =2.688,P =0.009) of the time of intubation were significantly decreased compared to the time of sleeping.The NTI (37±7 vs 71±14)of the time of recovery of spontaneous respiration was significantly increased compared to the time of propofol stopping pumping (Z =6.34,P =0.005).The NTI (37±7 vs 83±13) (Z =6.668,P =0.003),Ce [(3.1±0.4) μg/ml vs (1.6±0.2) μg/ml] (Z =6.414,P =0.002) and HR[(59±7) bpm vs (64±8) bpm] (t =-2.825,P =0.006) of the time of eyes opening were statistically significant compared to the time of propofol stopping pumping.None of patients experienced intraoperative awareness.Conclusion NT monitor can effectively guide the intubation and extubation of laryngeal mask in total intravenous anesthesia of gynecilogical surgery.

This review largely deals with the peptide toxins elaborated by marine cone snails of the genus Conus . Each species of Conus contains in its venom 50 to 200 different peptides directed at different macromolecular targts. These include competitive antagonists of postsynaptic nicotinic receptors (a-conotoxins), blockers selective for Na+ channels in skeletal muscle (u- conotoxins), blockers of presynaptic of antagonists of postsynaptic Ca2+ channels (w-conotoxins), activators of Na+ channels (s-conotoxins), blockers of K+ channels (k-conotoxins), blockers of nicotinic receptor channels (u-conotoxins) and antagonists of NMDA receptors (cono-sleeper).The small size of the peptides (13 to 30 residues is typical) has facilitated synthesis of many of them. A very attractive feature is the highly cross-linked conserved 2 to 3 disulfide bonds which make conotoxins conformationally rigid, some of conotoxins, however, are stabilized by r-carboxyglutamates. The Structure-Activity Relationships of conotoxins and a brief perspective have been reviewed in the paper.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of patients during recovery period in low flow and circulation closed pattern anesthesia by ZEUS with isoflurane.Methods During elective gynecologic surgery,35 ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients were anesthetized with isoflurane under general anesthesia with tracheal intubation.The ventilation was used with the closed circuit breathing mode (Autocontrol) of ZEUS anesthesia machine.The time of inhale drug,exhale drug and eyes-opend,consumption of drug and complication were recorded during the process.The values of NT stage (NTS),NT index (NTI),the final endexpiratory concentration of isoflurane (EXP),MAC and hemodynamic parameters were recorded during the time of isoflurane stopping inhale,recovery of spontaneous respiration,eyes opening.Results The values of NTI (50±7,74±12,86±10,t =-9.382,t =-16.682,P ＜ 0.01),the EXP [(0.9±0.0)％,(0.1±0.1)％,0,z =-7.262,z =-7.835],MAC [(1.2±0.1)％,(0.2±0.2)％,0,z =-7.186,z =-7.728,P ＜ 0.01] and hemodynamic parameters (SBP,DBP,MAP,HR) [(108.1±13.4) mm Hg (1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa),(66.3±12.1) mm Hg,(84.3± 12.5) mm Hg,(69.8±12.5) /min and (124.6±17.9) mm Hg,(75.7±14.5) mm Hg,(96.0±14.6) mm Hg,(82.8±15.0)/min and (128.0±16.3) mm Hg,(77.1±15.0) mm Hg,(99.8±15.3) mm Hg,(85.2±18.5) bpm] (t =-4.365,t =-2.951,t =-3.574,t =-3.921; t =-5.554,t =-3.309,t =-4.642,t =-4.085,P ＜0.01) during the time of recovery of spontaneous respiration and tracheal extubation were statistically significant compared to the time of isoflurane stopping (P＜ 0.01).None of patients experienced intraoperative was awareness.Conclusion Isoflurane can be used for closed circuit breathing mode of ZEUS anesthesia machine,but consciousness recovery need a long time.

Objective To evaluate the effect of dorsal dual-plate fixation for unstable distal radius fractures.Methods Twenty-two cases of unstable distal radius fractures undergone dorsal fixation with a 2.4 mm plate from June 2010 to June 2012 were enrolled.There were 16 males and 6 females with mean age of 54.5 years (range,22-75 years).According to the AO fracture classification,there were 12 cases of type B2,6 type C1 and 4 type C2.Five cases had autologous or allogeneic bone grafting.Results Mean period of follow-up was 14 months (range,5-30 months).According to Gartland-Werley score,the result was excellent in 13 cases,good in 5 cases and fair in 4 cases,with the excellent and good rate of 82％.Volar inclination [(11.07 ± 1.77) °],ulnar declination [(22.30 ± 3.13) °],and radial height [(11.40 ±1.51) °] showed statistical differences from that [(-1.50 ± 7.59) °,(11.90 ± 3.87) °,and (5.20 ±1.55) ° respectively] before operation (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Dorsal dual-plate fixation can be a reliable and effective technique for AO-B2 shear fractures with intact volar-cortex and dorsal criticallycomminuted fractures of the distal radius.Active bone grafting should be performed for bone defection to promote bone healing.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a simple and rapid preparation technique of Rifampicin eye drops.METHODS:The calculating quantity of hydrochloric acid was used to dissolve Rifampicin,then the equimol quantity of potassium hydroxide was added to neutralize the acid and yield potassium chloride,whose quantity was designed according to the prescrip?tion.RESULTS:Neutralization reaction not only overcame the difficulty of Rifampicin's dissolution in water,but also avoided the irritation to eyes caused by using ethanol as solvent.CONCLUSION:The method is well-versed in design,simple in preparation and controllable in quality.

Objective:To prepare specific antibody against the pre mRNA splicing protein Tra2? in human fetal tissues.Methods:A specific antigen fragment of human Tra2? was cloned into the pGEX 3x expression vector to express a recombinant GST Tra2? fusion protein.The fusion protein was expressed,purified and used as an antigen to immunize the New Zealand rabbit,and the polyclonal antibody to Tra2? was obtained.Results:The antibody was successfully used to detect Tra2? protein in human fetal cerebrum with Western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis.Conclusion:This prepard antibody has good specificity and can be used to detect the Tra2? protein in the human fetal tissues.

Objective To investigate the relation between anormalities of fetal abdominal great vessels and heterotaxy, the clinical significance of screening fetal heterotaxy by the abnormalities of fetal abdominal great vessels. Methods 6532 fetuses from our hospital were scanned and the fetuses with abdominal great vessels abnormalities were included. Parameters of fetal growth, abdominal great vessels and anatomical survey were detected. Results Forty-five cases (0.7%) of fetal abdominal great vessels abnormalities were detected prenatally. Forty-two cases were confirmed postnatally, including 35 cases of heterotaxy syndrome and 7 cases of situs inversus totalis and 3 cases missed. The incidences of the abnormal fetus,heterotaxy syndrome and situs inversus totalis of the fetuses with abnormal abdominal great vessels were higher than that of the fetuses with normal abdominal great vessels, the differences were statistically significant( P＜ 0.001). The incidence of both type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ of the heterotaxy syndrome were significantly higher than that of type Ⅳ (P＜0.001). There was a high incidence of left isomerism in abnormal type Ⅰ and of right isomerism in abnormal type Ⅱ , the differences were statistically significant (P＜ 0.001). Conclusions Abnormal great vessels abnormalities have strong relations to heterotaxy and situs inversus which can be used as effective and simple indicator in screening heterotaxy syndrome.

Objective To compare different delayed scanning methods in multi-slice spiral CT angiography (MSCTA)in diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE). Methods Sixty patients with suspected PE were divided into three groups (A, B and C). MSCT with same Iodine concentration, injection rate, contrast medium but different delayed scanning methods was performed after injection of contrast medium. Patients in group A were examined with fixed time method (15 s), in group B with small dose-density curve method, while in group C with contrast medium track and triggering technoligy. The number, position and the shapes of emboli were evaluated with MIP, MPR and VR. Results The successful examination rate of group A was 55.00% (11/20), while of group B and C was both 100%. The coincidence rate of MSCTA compared with DSA in each group was 96.04% (291/303). Conclusion The best delayed scanning method in MSCTA for diagnosis of pulmonary embolism is contrast medium tracking and triggering technology.

Objective To test the effect of bone marrow mesenehymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation on oxidative stress and the development of pulmonary emphysema in rats. Methods SD rats (n=26) were randomly divided into three groups:normal control group (group A, n=8),emphysema group (group B, n=8) and emphysema+MSCs transplantation group (group C, n=10).Rat models of emphysema was established by exposing rats to cigarette smoking for 14 weeks. Then rats of group C received MSCs transplantation. At the 14th and 28th days after 4 course of MSCs transplantations, one rat in group C was sacrificed at each time point and their lungs were preserved in frozen sections. Survival of MSCs in the lung tissues were observed by fluorescence microscopy. Eight weeks after transplantations, lung sections were stained by hematoxylin and eo?sin (HE) to observe the morphological alterations.Mean linear intercept (MLI) and mean alveolar numbers (MAN) were also measured. Serum and lung malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were also examined. Re?sults At the 14th day and 28th day after transplantations of MSCs, MSCs successfully localized to lung and survived in rat models of emphysema. Emphysematous changes of lung tissues were observed in both group B and group C. MLI was higher while MAN was lower in group B and C than those in group A (P<0.05). MLI and MDA levels in serum and lung were high?er while MAN level and SOD activity were lower in group B than those in group C (P<0.05).MDA levels in serum and lung was higher while SOD activity was lower in group B and C than those in group A (P<0.05). Conclusion MSCs transplanta?tions can effectively alleviates pulmonary emphysema in rat models which might through reducing oxidative stress .

Objective To compare the differences of event-related potentials (ERP) of left and right cerebral hemispheres and behavioral characteristics in the mental arithmetic practice between ADHD and normal children,and to explore the neural mechanisms of mental arithmetic by ADHD children.Methods ERP and behavioral data of 32 ADHD and 32 normal children in mental arithmetic,to illustrate,simple addition,subtraction and multiplication within 20 were recorded.Results ERP:① The differences of N2 amplitudes in ADHD children 's left and right cerebral hemispheres while doing mental arithmetic,such as,addition,subtraction and multiplication were not statistically significant (addition:(-6.2±7.3) μV,(-6.6± 8.1) pV ; subtraction:(-5.5±6.4) μV,(-5.8± 6.5) μV ; multiplication:(-5.9± 8.2) μV,(-6.0± 8.6) μV ; all P＞0.05).However,normal group's N2 amplitude of left hemisphere(F3) were obviously higher than those of the right hemisphere (F4),considered to be statistically significant difference (addition:(-6.8±4.0) μV,(-5.9±4.3) μV ; subtraction:(-7.5±4.8) μV,(-6.3±4.4) μV ;multiplication:(-6.9±3.7)μV,(-5.7±4.4)pV ; all P＜0.05).② ADHD group's N2 amplitude of subtraction practice was significantly lower than that of addition and multiplication,while normal control group was the opposite.③There were not statistically difference between N2 incubation of left and right hemisphere while addition,subtraction,and multiplication were done (P＞0.05).Behaviorism:① ADHD group's reaction time towards answer making were much longer than those of the normal control group (addition:(983± 183) ms,(833± 164) ms ; subtraction:(1005±160)ms,(859±170)ms;multiphcation:(975±180)ms,(836±175)ms; P＜0.05).② Accurate rate:ADHD group were all lower than those of normal group.Conclusion There were functional limitations of no obviously advantage hemisphere and two hemisphere coordination while ADHD children were performing mental arithmetic,also hmitations in conflicting information processing,decision making,and more obviously in subtraction practice.