Objective To explore the expressions of LAT and VEGF, and the relationship between them in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods The expressions of LAT protein and VEGF protein in SO HCC, 30cirrhosis and 10 normal tissues were assessed by immunohistochemical method. Results The expressions of LAT and VEGF in cancer tissues, cirrhosis tissues, normal tissues were significantly different. The expression of LAT in HCC tissues was stronger than that in cirrhosis, but the expression of VEGF in cirrhosis was stronger than that in HCC tissues. Conclusion The expression of LAT was not closely associated with the expression of VEGF in HCC. The abnormal expressions of LAT and VEGF were closely associated with the development of HCC. They may play important roles in development of HCC.

Objective To study the clinical and pathological features of hepatic steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB)based on a matched case-control study.Methods Cross-sectional study was carried out on CHB patients who received liver biopsy in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde First People′s Hospital from January 2006 to December 2014.Clinical data of the patients were collected.A total of 216 matched pairs were created according to gender and age.The clinical and pathological feathers of both groups were compared and analyzed. Quantitative data with normal distribution were compared by t test and those with abnormal distribution were compared by nonparametric rank sum test of two- or multi-independent samples. Categorical data were compared by χ2 test. Results In matched pairs,rates of overweight/obesity were 84.2% in fatty liver group and 18.5 % in non-fatty liver group (χ2 =189.30,P =0.001 ),patients with high cholesterol in the two groups were 30.6% and 13.4%,respectively (χ2 =18.47,P =0.001 ),high triglycerides were 27.3% and 9.7%, respectively (χ2 =22.15 ,P =0.001),high low-density lipoprotein were 16.7% and 5 .6%,respectively (χ2 =13.50,P =0.001),high uric acid were 31 .0% and 15 .3%,respectively (χ2 =15 .04,P =0.001 ) and rates of alcohol history were 38.9% and 25 .9%,respectively (χ2 =8.08,P =0.001).The differences of hepatitis B virus (HBV)DNA and status of hepatitis B e antigen between the two groups were not statistically significant (both P >0.05 ).Compared to fatty liver group,rates of hepatic inflammation activity degree ≥ 3 (54.6% vs 37.5 %,χ2 = 12.75 ,P <0.01 )and fibrosis staging ≥ 3 (53.2% vs 41 .7%,χ2 =5 .80,P =0.016)in non-fatty liver group were both significantly higher.Conclusions CHB patients with overweight/obesity,high cholesterol,high triglycerides,high low-density lipoprotein,high uric acid and drinking history are more likely to develop hepatic steatosis.The inflammatory grade and fibrosis stage in non-fatty liver group are more serious than those in fatty liver group.

Objective To examine the clinical effect and learning curve of endoscopic thyroidectomy via chest-areolar approach in the treatment of benign thyroid nodules. Methods From January 2012 to May 2016,49 patients underwent endoscopic thyroidectomies via chest-areolar approach in Xuanwu Hospital ,Capital medical university. The clinical characteristics ,prognosis and operation time were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into 9 groups according to the surgical sequence ,and the learning curves were analyzed by using moving average method. Results 49 endoscopic thyroidectomies via chest-areolar approach were performed successfully. The average size of the nodules was(2.80 ± 0.62)cm. 10 patients underwent bilateral thyroidectomy and 39 underwent unilateral thyroidectomy. The average operation time was(157.49 ± 21.23)min. 2 cases received re-operation due to postoperative pathology of malignancy. There were no postoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries. 11 patients suffered from asymptomatic hypocalcemia with parathyroid hormone in the normal range. All of the patients were satisfied with the cosmetic results. The learning curves indicated that 35 endoscopic thyroidectomies were needed to be performed in the early study stage. Conclusions For surgeons with experience of conventional thyroidectomies,endoscopic thyroidectomy via chest-areolar approach is feasible and safe for selected patients. There is a significant learning curve in the application of endoscopic thyroidectomy. In the early study stage of endo-scopic thyroidectomy,35 cases are basically required for beginning surgeons to practice the surgical operation.

ObjectiveTo analyze the prevalence and clinical features of hepatic steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B. MethodsThe clinical data of patients with chronic hepatitis B who were hospitalized at the Department of Infectious Diseases, the First People′s Hospital of Shunde, Guangdong, China, from January 2006 to December 2014, were retrospectively collected for analysis and comparison of clinical and pathological indicators. The patients were divided into fatty liver group and non-fatty liver group depending on the presence or absence of fatty liver. Continuous data of the two groups were compared using the t test and categorical data were compared using the χ2 test. If data were not normally distributed, comparisons were made using the Mann-Whitney U test. ResultsThe incidence of fatty liver increased with age (P＜0.05) and peaked at an age of ≥45 years in both groups. Fatty liver was more likely to occur in men than in women below 30 years and between 30 and 44 years (P＜0.05). Diabetes, abnormal levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and uric acid, and a history of alcohol consumption were significantly more frequent in the fatty liver group than in the non-fatty liver group (P＜0.05). Levels of body mass index, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, apolipoprotein A, apolipoprotein B, aspartate aminotransferase were significantly different between the two groups (P＜0.05). Inflammation and fibrosis were significantly milder in the fatty liver group compared with the non-fatty liver group (P＜0.05). Patients in the non-fatty liver group were more likely to be complicated by grade 3 liver inflammation and stage 3 fibrosis (P=0.001 and P=0.015). ConclusionFatty liver patients are more likely to present with glucose and lipid metabolism disorder. Hepatic steatosis is not significantly correlated with HBeAg, but may be somewhat associated with HBV DNA, inflammation grade and fibrosis stage. Further studies are needed to establish their connections. .

ObjectiveTo investigate the influencing factors for hepatocyte steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and the high-risk population by classification tree model analysis, and to establish a simple method to assess the risk of hepatocyte steatosis in CHB patients. MethodsThe clinical data and pathological results of the CHB patients who underwent liver biopsy in Department of Infectious Diseases, The First People's Hospital of Shunde, from January 2006 and December 2014 were collected. The classification tree model was applied to analyze the influencing factors for hepatocyte steatosis, and index value curve, misclassification matrix, and error of estimation were applied for overall evaluation of classification results of the classification tree model. ResultsThe influencing factors for hepatocyte steatosis in CHB patients were body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein, and the most important factor was BMI. This classification tree model had a sensitivity of 84.3%, a specificity of 81.5%, an accuracy of 82.9%, and an error of estimation of 0.171, suggesting that this model was well fitted. ConclusionClassification tree model analysis shows that the pathogenesis of hepatocyte steatosis in CHB patients is closely related to the influencing factors BMI, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein. A simple classification method is established based on these factors to evaluate the risk of hepatocyte steatosis in CHB patients. It is necessary to conduct further clinical studies to investigate the clinical value of this method.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protection effect of nerve implantation to the neurons after sciatic nerve injury to adult rats.

METHODSThirty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 180 - 220 g (8 - 9 weeks of age) were randomly divided into four groups. Group A consisted of normal rats without operation. In group B, the sciatic nerve of rats was transected, with the proximal stump of the sciatic nerve ligated to inhibit nerve regeneration. In group C, a sciatic nerve crushed model was set up. In group D, a sciatic nerve implantation model was established. The rats were sacrificed on postoperative days 7, 14 and 28 respectively. The L(4)-L(6) segments of the spinal cord were harvested. TUNEL technique was used to detect apoptotic motor neurons. HE and Toluidine Blue staining was used for counting motor neurons.

RESULTSThe apoptotic neurons detected on the 28th postoperative day were significantly fewer in the implantation group than in the other groups (P < 0.05). The number of motor neurons was significantly higher in the implantation group than in other two control groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSNerve implantation exerts protective effect on neurons after nerve injury.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Male ; Motor Neurons ; pathology ; Nerve Transfer ; Peripheral Nerve Injuries ; Peripheral Nerves ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

[Abstract] Objective: To explore the mRNA molecular targets for diagnosis of hepatic carcionoma and to investigate their functional roles in proliferation and cell cycle of hepatic cancer cells. Methods: Based on the statistical analysis of miRNA expression data from 377 hepatic carcionoma samples and 37 adjacent non-cancerous samples in TCGAdatabase, a group of 33 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified.A further screen of these differentially expressed miRNAs was performed using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis; and with referring to the current publications, miR-451 was screened as the study subject. HepG2 cells were transfected with pLVX-shRNA2-miR-451 to over-express miR-451. The effect of miR-451 over-expression on the proliferation of HepG2 cell was determined by CCK-8 assay; while the effect on cell cycles was detected by flow cytometry. Results: The expression of miR-451 in the adjacent non-cancerous tissues was significantly lower than that in cancer tissues ([473.40±390.24] vs [1 990.47±2 118.04], P<0.05). MiR-451 could be used as an early diagnostic biomarker of hepatic carcionoma, with a high ROC value of 0.91 (sensitivity 0.89, specificity 0.87). The results of in vitro experiments showed that the proliferation of HepG2 cells was significantly decreased after miR-451 over-expression (48 h: [0.69±0.04] vs [1.08±0.05]; 72 h: [0.76±0.07] vs [1.52± 0.02]; all P<0.01), and a large number of cells were blocked in S phase(P<0.05). Conclusion: miR-451 has the potential to be used as a biomarker for hepatic carcionoma diagnosis and prognosis; moreover, it also exhibits the inhibitory effect on proliferation of hepatic cancer cells.