Objective To observe the clinical effect of mouse nerve growth factor on protrusion of the lumbar intervertebral disc (LDP) treated with operation. Methods 60 cases with LDP received posterior lamina resection nucleus pulposus decompression excise pedicle screws fixation, in which 30 cases (the treatment group) accepted mouse nerve growth factor for 30 d. Their symptoms and signs, visual analogue score (VAS) for pain, and the electromyogram were recorded before and after treatment. Results The VAS in the treatment group improved more than in control group (P<0.05). the incidence of cure and improvement (76.7%) was higher than in the control group (50.0%)(P<0.05). The nerve conduction velocity and action potential of main muscle group also improved more in the treatment group (P<0.05).Conclusion Mouse nerve growth factor can improve the recovery of pain as well as the neural function in patients after operation for LDP.

Objective To observe the effect of the rivaroxaban and low molecular weight heparin calcium to prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after artificial joint replacement. Methods 167 patients included 114 cases for total hip arthroplasty and 53 cases for total knee replacement from Novermber, 2009 to October, 2010 were divided into two groups: observation group (n=84) was treated with rivaroxaban tablets, 6 h after surgery, 10 mg/d, 2 weeks for knee arthroplasty, 5 weeks for total hip arthroplasty; and control group (n=83) was treated with low molecular weight heparin calcium 2500 IU 2 h before and after surgery for 5 d. Ultrasonography was used to detect the deep vein lumen size change and DVT rate of bilateral lower extremities in all patients before and after surgery. Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was tested before surgery, and 2 d, 5 d, 7 d, 14 d, 35 d after surgery. Results ① Incidence of DVT showed that there were 9 cases (10.7%) with DVT in the observation group; there were 15 cases with DVT (18.1%) in the control group. ② Lower limb deep vein lumen size change comparison: there were 23 cases (27.4%) with superficial femoral vein stenosis more than 2 mm in the observation group while 38 cases (45.8%) in the control group, there were 27 cases (32.1%) with popliteal veins stenosis more than 2 mm in the observation group and 47 cases (56.6%) in the control group (P<0.01). ③APTT: APTT prolonged >10 s was 0 in the observation group while 23 cases (27.7%) in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion Trivaroxaban may prevent DVT after artificial joint replacement and be better than low molecular weight heparins calcium.

Objectives To study the value of cough peak expiratory lfow (CPEF) in predicting extubation outcome of children with acute respiratory failure. Methods A total of 62 children with acute respiratory failure were selected and received mechanical ventilation longer than 72 hours. They were conscious at the time of extubation and successfully got through 30 minutes of spontaneous breathing trial. Children were divided into success group and failure group according to the outcome of extubation. CPEF, pulmonary function parameters, blood gas analysis and pediatric critical illness scores were compared before extubation between two groups. Results Fifty-two cases were successfully extubated but 10 cases failed. CPEF of the success group was signiifcantly higher than that of the failure group (P<0.01). Based on the results of receiver operating characteristic curves, the area under the curve was 0.873. The optimal operating point of CPEF was 40.5L/min, and the sensitivity and speciifcity were 76.9%and 90.0%, respectively (P<0.01). Conclusions It is suggested that CPEF can be used as a predictor of extubation outcome.

Objective To investigate the effect of MHA-bBMP implantation combined with limited contacted titanium net duct fixation on femoral shaft bone defect in rabbits.Methods A total of 48 rabbits were divided into experimental group(treated with bionic bone MHA-bBMP plus titanium net duct) and control group(treated with iliac autograft plus titanium net duct).The rabbit femoral shaft bone defect model was established by cutting 10mm bone fragment off.After operation,bionic bone MHA-bBMP/iliac autograft was implanted into the bone defect area and fixed with limited contacted titanium net duct.The general condition,serum alkaline phosphates,X-ray,histopathologic and electron microscopic examinations were performed.Results The fixation stability of titanium net duct in the two groups was good.The bone defect in the two groups was repaired.The phosphates,X-ray,histopathologic and electron microscopic examinations in the two groups were not significantly different.Conclusion The limited contacted titanium net duct can provide a reliable fixation effect on the graft and bone defect ends.Induction bone formation activity of MHA-bBMP is comparable to the iliac autograft.

Objective To evaluate clinical effect of expandable intramedullary nail in unreamed treatment of tibia fracture.Methods 31 patients with proximate tibia fracture were treated with expandable intramedullary nail and unreamed.Among those patients,4 cases were compound fracture,27 cases were closed fracture;16 cases were AO/ASIF type A,4 cases were type B and 11 cases were type C.The following-up of 9 months to 5 years(average 2 years) performed after operation.Results The fractures of 30 patients healed up and patients' functions recovered.1 case with comminuted and multiple fracture got delayed union.Conclusion Expandable intramedullary nail is an utility and satisfactory method to treat proximate tibia fracture.

Objective To investigate the efficacy ,safety and compliance of mesalazine sustained‐release (SR) granules taking once daily or multi‐times daily in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate active ulcerative colitis .Methods Sixty patients with mild to moderate active ulcerative colitis were divided into group A ,B and C with 20 patients in each group .Group A received mesalazine SR granules 4 g once daily ,Group B with 2 g each time and twice daily ,Group C with 1 g each time and four times daily . The total course was eight weeks . The vital signs ,Mayo score ,compliance and adverse effects of patients were monitored at 0 ,4th ,8th weeks .At 0 and 8th weeks ,colonoscopy were performed . The parameters of efficacy assessment were clinical complete remission rate , clinical remission rate , efficacy rate ,mucosal healing rate ,remission time and safety .The F test ,t test or Chi‐square test was performed for comparison among groups .Results The clinical complete remission rate of group A ,B and C was 20% (4/20) ,10% (2/20) and 10% (2/20) ,respectively .The clinical complete remission rate was 70% (14/20) ,65% (13/20) and 70% (14/20) ,respectively .The efficacy rate was 95% (19/20) ,85%(17/20) and 90% (18/20) ,respectively .The mucosal healing rate was 70% (14/20) ,60% (12/20) and 50% (10/20) ,respectively .The side effects rate was 20% (4/20) ,15% (3/20) and 20% (4/20) .There was no significant difference between groups (all P > 0 .05) .The remission time of group A and B was (15 .4 ± 3 .7) days and (15 .6 ± 2 .9) days ,which were both shorter than that of group C (18 .4 ± 3 .6) days ,and the differences were statistically significant (t= 2 .661 and 2 .710 ,both P< 0 .05) .There was no significant difference among three groups in gender ,disease course , severity , location and clinical remission rate of sub‐groups .Conclusions The efficacy and safety of mesalazine SR granules taking once daily or multi‐times daily are similar in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate active ulcerative colitis .Once daily have better compliance than other regimens .

Objective To explore the pathological changes of the femoral head bone metabolism induced by diabetes mellitus.Methods Seventy rabbits were divided into the control group and experiment group randomly. The control group were injected with saline; while the experiment group were injected with Alloxan through ear-edge vein quickly to establish the immediate diabetes mellitus model. The histopathology, ultrastructure, biochemistry, hemorrheology, and platelet function of all animals of two groups were detected in different periods.Results In the experiment group, 2 animals' bone trabecula were found disorder and vacant bone lacuna was 14% in the 4th week; in the 8th week, 3 animals' part bone trabecula were found breakage, defluxion, vacant bone lacuna was 28%; in the 12th week, 5 animals' bone trabecula were found breakage, defluxion obviously, vacant bone lacuna was 56%. Under TEM, there was some lipid droplet in bone cells, bone cellular necrotized at different levels. Myelosis decrease, the number and diameter of adipose cell increased. In the 8th and 12th week, the content of serum calcium decreased and that of serum phosphorus increased in the experiment group compared with the control group ( P<0.05, P<0.0l), and the product of calcium and phosphorus of the experiment group in the 12th week was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion DM can cause osteoporosis. Capillary fracture happens in the arch bridge structure of femoral head under machine press while being pressed. Along with the course of DM process, capillary fracture accumulates, bone under cartilage compress and collapse. It can oppress bone capillary to cause ischemia. All factors result in the basic pathology and the primary pathogenesy of the femoral head.

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in Haishu District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province from 2011 to 2022, so as to provide the basis for the formulation of HFMD prevention and control strategies. Methods: Data of HFMD in Haishu District from 2011 to 2022 were collected from Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and the epidemiological and etiological characteristics were analyzed using a descriptive epidemiological method. The trends in incidence of HFMD and prevalence of positive etiological tests were analyzed using annual percent change (APC). Results: A total of 33 334 cases of HFMD were reported in Haishu District from 2011 to 2022, with an average annual reported incidence of 279.16/105, showing no significant trend (APC=-5.492%, P>0.05). The average annual reported incidence of HFMD was lower after the enterovirus 71 vaccine was launched (from 2017 to 2022) than before (from 2011 to 2016; 219.69/105 vs. 343.70/105, P<0.05). The incidence of HFMD showed seasonal characteristics, with a peak from May to July. There were 19 720 male and 13 614 female cases, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.45∶1. The age of the HFMD cases ranged from 27 days to 63 years old, and the children aged 5 years and below were predominant (30 657 cases, 91.97%). A total of 1 976 specimens of HFMD cases were collected from 2011 to 2022, and 1 509 enterovirus positive specimens were detected, with a positive rate of 76.37%. The positive rates of enterovirus 71 decreased (APC=-32.599%, P<0.05), the positive rates of coxsackievirus A16 increased (APC=9.226%, P<0.05), while the positive rates of other enteroviruses showed no significant change (APC=0.808%, P>0.05). Conclusions The average annual reported incidence of HFMD in Haishu District from 2011 to 2022 decreased after the enterovirus 71 vaccine was launched, with a peak in spring and summer. Children aged 5 years and below were the high-incidence population, and coxsackievirus A16 was the main serotype.

Objective: To analyze the trends in incidence and mortality of prostate cancer in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide insights into the prevention and control of prostate cancer. Methods: Data of the incidence and mortality of prostate cancer in Ningbo City from 2011 to 2023 were collected through Ningbo Chronic Disease Collaborative Management System. The incidence and mortality of prostate cancer were calculated and standardized by the data from the sixth national population census in 2010 and the Segi's world standard population in 1960. The trends in incidence and mortality of prostate cancer were evaluated using average annual percent change (AAPC). Results: A total of 15 411 cases of prostate cancer were reported in Ningbo City from 2011 to 2023, and the crude incidence, Chinese-standardized incidence and world-standardized incidence were 39.62/105, 22.18/105 and 16.49/105, respectively, showing upward trends (AAPC=14.782%, 10.390% and 10.608%, all P<0.05). The Chinese-standardized incidence of prostate cancer was higher in urban areas than in rural areas, and both showed upward trends (25.14/105 vs. 19.44/105; AAPC=9.057% and 14.272%, both P<0.05). The crude incidence of prostate cancer in the groups aged 50-<60 years, 60-<70 years, 70-<80 years and ≥80 years showed upward trends (AAPC=11.657%, 14.031%, 10.734% and 5.300%, all P<0.05). A total of 3 739 deaths were reported, and the crude mortality, Chinese-standardized mortality and world-standardized mortality were 9.66/105, 5.23/105 and 3.71/105, respectively, showing upward trends (AAPC=8.458%, 3.620% and 3.602%, all P<0.05). The Chinese-standardized mortality of prostate cancer was higher in urban areas than in rural areas, and both showed upward trends (5.35/105 vs. 5.13/105; AAPC=3.183% and 3.962%, both P<0.05). The crude mortality of prostate cancer the groups ageds ≥80 years showed an upward trend (AAPC=7.482%, P<0.05). Conclusions From 2011 to 2023, the incidence and mortality of prostate cancer in Ningbo City showed upward trends. Special attention should be paid to urban residents, and prostate cancer screening should be strengthened among males aged 50 years and older.

Objective To investigate the relationship between changes in the liver computed tomography (CT) images and the postmortem interval (PMI) of rabbits 129 h after their death due to hemorrhagic shock. Methods CT scanning was used to investigate the hemorrhagic shock death model in 23 rabbits to identify the postmortem cerebral changes from 0 h to 129 h after death. Results The liver or lumbar area in the liver window showed the following characteristic changes: from unchanged, to rapid shrinkage, to slow shrinkage; the mean CT values of the liver initially increased and subsequently decreased. The regression equations for the relationship between the two indices and PMI were established by surgery, and they all had statistical significance (P ＜ 0. 01). Conclusion CT scanning can accurately show changes in the rabbit liver after death. The mean CT value of the liver tissue is more sensitive for inferring early PMI. Furthermore, the liver area/lumbar area ratio parameters are more sensitive for inferring mid-late PMI.