Objective To observe the changes of melanin granules in superficial corneocytes in vitiligo lesions after irradiation with narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) by using an adhesive tape stripping technique.Methods Vitiligo lesions were selected from 6 patients and irradiated with NB-UVB every other day for 31 sessions.Superficial corneocytes were obtained by an adhesive tape stripping technique from the vitiligo lesions and perilesional normal skin before every treatment.The morphology,distribution and color of melanin granules were observed after Masson-Fontana silver staining.The percentage of area occupied by melanin granules in superficial corneocytes were calculated by using the Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software.Statistical analysis was conducted by the SPSS11.5 software.Results There were still a few superficial corneocytes containing melanin granules remaining in the vitiligo lesions before treatment.The percentage of area occupied by melanin granules was (5.31 ± 4.12)％ before treatment,(6.24 ± 2.65)％ after 10 treatment sessions,(10.14 ± 5.73)％ after 20 sessions,and (13.05 ± 6.17)％ after 30 sessions,with significant differences between these time points (F =4.334,P ＜ 0.05).Multiple comparisons revealed a significant increase in the percentage of area occupied by melanin granules after 30 treatment sessions compared with those before treatment and after 10 treatment sessions (both P ＜ 0.01 ).The morphology and color of melanin granules in repigmented lesions after treatment differed from those in perilesional normal skin before treatment.Conclusion The adhesive tape stripping technique may serve as a useful tool for the evaluation of repigmentation in vitiligo lesions after phototherapy.

Allergic diseases such as allergic asthma, allergic der-matitis, allergic rhinitis, are polygenic diseases, involving the interaction between the environment, genes and immunity. In the past few decades, the incidence rate of allergic diseases in-creased predominantly and influenced the quality of people's lives seriously, so looking for new targets for the prevention and treat-ment of allergic diseases and drugs with less adverse reaction be-comes a hot topic for researchers. MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are a class of endogenous non-coding small RNAs that mediate nega-tively posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression by targe-ting specific mRNA sequences to inhibit the translation of mR-NAs. They are widely involved in the biological processes of cell differentiation, immune response and tumor development. The study shows that miRNAs can control the occurrence and devel-opment of allergic diseases. Studying the regulatory role of miR-NAs in allergic diseases has important implications for exploring the immunopathological mechanisms and discovering new thera-peutic targets of drugs.

Aim To investigate the method of establishing the atopic dermatitis mice model induced by calcipotriol ( MC903 ) . Methods Induction dose exploratory experiment: since d 0, 0.33,1,3 nmol MC903 was smeared on the right ear of BALB/c mice in each dose group respectively , for 7 consecutive days . The ear swelling degree of the mice was observed every day and the bilateral ears thicknesses were measured .The materials were drawn and analyzed in d 3 and d 7.Induction days exploratory experiment: 2 nmol MC903 was smeared on the right ear of BALB/c mice, for 14 consecutive days .The ear swelling degree of mice was observed every day and the bilateral ears thicknesses were measured .The histopathological examination of the right ear was conducted in 3 d, 7 d, 11 d and 15 d respectively .The tissue homogenate of the mice right ear was prepared .The ex-pressions of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP),IL-33, IL-4 and IFN-γin the homogenate , CD40 +,CD86 +,the DC surface markers and ILC2 contents in the peripheral lymph nodes were detected.Results ①1,3 nmol MC903 induced ear swelling in mice was significantly increased in d 3, the levels of TSLP and IL-4 were significantly increased .The level of IL-33 in 3 nmol dose group was increased significantly in d 7.② The right ear swelling of 2 nmol MC903 induced atopic dermatitis mice was significant , the ear thickness was increased gradually and reached the peak in d 14.The histopathological examination of the mice ear tissue showed in d 7, the right ear tissue of the mice was swelling and red , the capillary vessels were dilated and the infiltration of inflammatory cells was obvious .The ear in-flammatory symptoms maintained and gradually aggravated for 15 days.Compared with the normal mice , MC903 increased the TSLP level in the right ear tissue homogenate significantly in d 3 and then decreased gradually .The levels of IL-4 and IL-33 were increased significantly in d 7 and then decreased gradually .The levels of ILC2, CD40 +, CD86 + in the peripheral lymph nodes were increased in d 7 and d 15.Conclusion The atopic derma-titis mice model can be successfully established using 2 nmol MC903 induced mice for 7 days.Appropriate testing point of TSLP is d 3.Appropriate testing point of IL-33 and IL-4 is d 7.

Aim To explore the expressed level of ini-tiative key factors TSLP and IL-33 in a human kerati-nocyte cell line,HaCaT cells were chosen to be stimu-lated by different stimulants,and develop a stable and effective in vitro model to observe allergic sensitization. Methods HaCaT cells were cultured in K-SFM with different stimulants to screen out the stimulants which could significantly improve the expressed level of TSLP and IL-33.Expressed level of TSLP and IL-33 was an-alyzed by ELISA kits and immunofluorescence.Re-sults (1 )The dose-response relationship of single stimulant indicated that both Poly(I:C)and TNF-αcould significantly improve expressed level of TSLP and IL-33 in HaCaT cells,but the rest of stimulants was not observed significant stimulation in concentration range of this experiment.(2)Dose-effect relationship of combined stimulants indicated that poly(I ∶C)1 00 mg·L -1 combined with TNF-α20 μg·L -1 was the most efficient.(3)Time-effect relationship of the a-bove-mentioned combined stimulants showed that 1 2 h was the optimal time of stimulation.Conclusions Different stimulants and different time result in various expressed levels of TSLP and IL-33 in HaCaT cells.1 2 h stimulus duration of Poly(I:C)1 00 mg·L -1 com-bined with TNF-α20 μg · L -1 is the most efficient stimulating way.This result provides an effective in vitro model to study the pathomechanism and drug effi-cacy of allergic sensitization.

Bronchial asthma is a kind of respiratory disease which affects people 's life quality seriously. Many factors in-volved in the occurrence and development of such disease, of which the aberrant expression of E-cad plays a critical role in it. Research found that E-cad is an important cell adhesion molecu-lar, and its main function is to maintain the structural integrity of cells and participate in the improvement of airway remodeling as well as restoration of immune function. Further study showed that the role of mucosal barrier of airway epithelial cells in bronchial asthma patients was often damaged. Moreover, the protein ex-pression of E-cad decreased significantly in mucosal molecular, which suggested that the abnormal expression of E-cad was in-volved in the development of bronchial asthma. A review on the relations between the abnormal expression of E-cad protein and bronchial asthma has been discussed in this paper, also it in-cludes the discussion about the mechanisms of E-cad’ s disorder-induced bronchial asthma as well as explores the strategies of bronchial asthma treatment, which may provide references for the follow-up research and clinical treatment.

The serine/threonine p21-activated kinases (PAKs), as main effectors of the Rho GTPases Cdc42 and Rac, represent a group of important molecular switches linking the complex cytoskeletal networks to broad neural activity. PAKs show wide expression in the brain, but they differ in specific cell types, brain regions, and developmental stages. PAKs play an essential and differential role in controlling neural cytoskeletal remodeling and are related to the development and fate of neurons as well as the structural and functional plasticity of dendritic spines. PAK-mediated actin signaling and interacting functional networks represent a common pathway frequently affected in multiple neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Considering specific small-molecule agonists and inhibitors for PAKs have been developed in cancer treatment, comprehensive knowledge about the role of PAKs in neural cytoskeletal remodeling will promote our understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying neurological diseases, which may also represent potential therapeutic targets of these diseases.
Animals ; Cytoskeleton/genetics* ; Humans ; Nervous System Diseases/genetics* ; Neurons/enzymology* ; Signal Transduction ; p21-Activated Kinases/metabolism*