Objective:To observe the effect of Livostin spray on children＇s allergic rhinitis and to search the mechanism of treating allergic rhinitis. Method: 113 patients were treated with Livostin spray (Livostin group) or normal saline spray (control group). Result:The total efficiency of Livostin group in treating allergic rhinitis is above 95.1％ and that of the control group is 25.0％. Initial time of starting effect of Livostin (72.1％) is in 1 minute, and that of the control group (mostly 23.1％) is in 3 minutes. The keeping curativeeffect time of Livostin spray is mostly (72.1％) above 5 hours and that of the control group is mostly (30.8％) in 3 hours. After 2 weeks,the eosinophilic granulocyte number in nose＇s secretion of Livostin group is obviously reduced (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Livostin is better than control group in relieving symptoms, keeping curative effect and safety,so Livostin is one kind of effective drug in treating children＇s allergic rhinitis.

OBJECTIVE: To improve diagnosis and treatment level of foreign body ingestion of button cell in children. METHOD: Among the 14 cases with foreign bodies ingestion of button cell, 6 cases in esophageal, 7 cases in stomach and lower gastrointestinal tract, 1 case with multiple foreign bodies both in esophagus and stomach. Seven cases in stomach and lower gastrointestinal tract were closely observed without special treatment, 6 cases in esophageal, underwent esophagoscopy and removal of foreign body under general anesthesia, 1 case with multiple foreign bodies in esophagus and stomach underwent esophagoscopy and electronic gastroscopy and then removal of foreign body. All patients had symptomatic treatments after removal of foreign body. The average age is 2 years and 1 month. RESULT: After the removal of button cell, Foreign bodies in stomach and lower gastrointestinal tract in 7 cases were all discharged spontaneously. For the 6 cases in esophagus, 4 cases were cured, 1 case had esophageal stricture, 1 cased died. 1 case with multiple foreign bodies in both esophagus and stomach was cured. CONCLUSION Esophageal foreign body has strong corrosiveness and would cause serious damages even to threaten children's life. It also may lead to esophageal stricture. The key point to cure this disease is to diagnose timely and to operate as soon as possible. Because neutralize of digestive juices and low probability of incarceration, with close observation, the foreign bodies of stomach and lower gastrointestinal tract can discharge spontaneously.
Child, Preschool ; Esophagus ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Stomach

OBJECTIVE: To improve diagnosis and treatment level of esophageal foreign bodies of button cell. METHOD: Reported 4 clinical cases of esophageal foreign bodies of button cell. RESULT: Because of different diagnosis time and different surgical time, one case died and the other were cured. CONCLUSION Esophageal foreign bodies of button cell has been reported rarely before. Because button cell is caustically basic, drastically dangerous, it should be emphasized clinically. The key point to cure this disease is diagnosing timely and operating a surgery as soon as possible.
Esophagus ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

To establish a simple and sensitive LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of the concentration for L-tryptophan(L-Try)and L-kynurenine(L-Kyn)in rat plasma. The changesin the process of the liver tumors formation may provide a basis for the diagnosis of liver cancer. 3-Nitro-L-tyrosine(3-NT)were added as the internal standard for the determination of two active substances and the chromatographic analysis was performed on a RRHD Eclipse Plus C18 column(3. 0 mm×100 mm, 1. 8 μm). The mobile phase was composed of water and acetonitrile(containing 0. 1%formic acid)(90 ∶10)at a flow rate of 0. 25 mL/min, and the injection volume is 5 μL. Detection and quantification were performed by mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring mode with m/z 205. 12→146. 10(L-Try), m/z 209. 09 →146. 10(L-Kyn), m/z 227. 09→181. 10(3-NT), respectively. The results show that thelinear ranges were 9. 670-9 670 ng/mL for L-Try, and 9. 973-9973 ng/mL for L-Kyn(r2≥0. 9990). The limit of quantitation were 9. 670 ng/mL for L-Try, and 9. 973 ng/mL for L-Kyn, respectively. The intra- and inter-day precisions were all less than15%; the recoveries ofthe two analytes were more than 81. 17% and severe matrix effect was not observed. The ratio of L-Try/L-Kyn determined by LC-MS/MS in rat plasma showed an overall downward trend, which could used effectively for the drug metabolism studies and researches on the action mechanism of medicine on liver cancer. A rapid, simple, sensitive and specific LC-MS/MS method has been successfully developed and could also be used effectively for the drug metabolism studies and researches on the action mechanism of medicine on liver cancer.

Objective:To observe the emulsification of silicone oil in eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) after silicone oil filling surgery, and to preliminarily analyze the possible clinical factors related to it.Methods:A cross-sectional clinical study. From January 2019 to April 2022, 50 eyes of 50 patients with RRD who underwent pans plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with silicone oil filling surgery in Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University were included in the study. Among them, there were 25 males with 25 eyes and 25 females with 25 eyes; the age was 54.86±11.79 years old. The retina was in place 3 months after surgery. Before silicone oil removal surgery, intraocular pressure >21 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) or treated with≥1 anti-glaucoma drug (high intraocular pressure) in 20 eyes; intraocular pressure ≤21 mm Hg and no anti-glaucoma drug treatment in 30 eyes (normal intraocular pressure). During follow-up after surgery, silicone oil emulsification was found and those who met the indications for silicone oil removal were subjected to silicone oil removal surgery. The first 2 ml of lavage fluid was collected immediately after removal of the silicone oil, and the particle diameter and number of emulsified silicone oil were measured using a Multisizer ? 3 particle/cell counter and particle size analyzer. The measuring range was 0.4-12.0 μm, and the diameter is accordingly divided into 0.4-<1.0, 1.0-<3.0, 3.0-<5.0, 5.0-<7.0, 7.0-12.0 μm. Each sample was measured 3 times and the average value was taken. Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the correlation between the number of emulsified silicone oil particles and clinical factors. Results:The number of emulsified silicone oil particles was (1.74±2.94)×10 7/ml (0.96×10 7-14.11×10 7/ml), of which the diameter of 0.4-<1.0 μm emulsified silicone oil particle was (1.25±2.41)×10 7/ml, accounted for (64.26±12.70)% [(1.25±2.41)×10 7/(1.74±2.94)×10 7]. The results of correlation analysis showed that there was no correlation between the total particle number of emulsified silicone oil and various clinical factors ( P>0.05). The number of emulsified silicone oil particles with a diameter of 7.0-12.0 μm was negatively correlated with age ( r=-0.298, P=0.036), and positively correlated with axial length ( r=0.325, P=0.021). There was no correlation between the previous ocular trauma, choroidal detachment and different lens states and the number of emulsified silicone oil particles ( P>0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that eye axis ( β=1 570.868, P=0.023) and age ( β=-316.128, P=0.039) were the risk predictors of silicone oil emulsification into large diameter particles (7-<12 μm). The number of emulsified silicone oil particles with a diameter of 7-12 μm in the patients with high intraocular pressure was significantly higher than that in the patients with normal intraocular pressure, and the difference was statistically significant ( U=195.00, P=0.037). Conclusions:Most of the emulsified silicone oil particles in the eyes of RRD patients after silicone oil filling surgery are small-diameter particles; the silicone oil emulsification is more serious in young patients and patients with long ocular axis, and young patients are more prone to high intraocular pressure.