Chest trauma is one of the most common injuries. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) as a common complication of chest trauma seriously affects the quality of patients′ life and even leads to death. Although there are some consensus and guidelines on the prevention and treatment of VTE at home and abroad, the current literatures lack specificity considering the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of VTE in patients with chest trauma have their own characteristics, especially for those with blunt trauma. Accordingly, China Chest Injury Research Society and editorial board of Chinese Journal of Traumatology organized relevant domestic experts to jointly formulate the Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of chest trauma venous thromboembolism associated with chest trauma (2022 version). This consensus provides expert recommendations of different levels as academic guidance in terms of the characteristics, clinical manifestations, risk assessment, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of chest trauma-related VTE, so as to offer a reference for clinical application.

OBJECTIVE To study the effect of Longsheng zhi capsule on lear ning and memory ability of vascular dementia model rats and explore its mechanism based on metabonomics. METHODS Totally 90 SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group ，model group ，Dihydroergotoxin mesylate tablet group （positive control ，0.54 mg/kg），Longshengzhi capsule high-dose，medium-dose and low-dose groups （2.16，1.08 and 0.54 g/kg），with 15 rats in each group. In addition to sham operation group （only threading without ligation ），the vascular dementia model was prepared by permanent ligation of bilateral common carotid arteries in each group ，which was administered by gavage for 28 d. Morris water maze test was used to determine the learning and memory ability of rats ；hematoxylin eosin （HE）staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of hippocampus；the serum levels of superoxide dismutase （SOD），malondialdehyde（MDA）and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） were detected ；the serum metabolic map was analyzed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF/MS），the specific metabolites were screened by multivariate statistical analysis ，and the metabolic pathway was enriched and analyzed. RESULTS Morris water maze test showed that compared with model group ，the escape latency of rats in each administration group was significantly shortened ，the number of crossing the platform was significantly increased ，and the residence time in the target quadrant was significantly prolonged （P＜0.01 or P＜ 0.05）. The results of serum biochemical indexes showed that compared with model group ， the s erum level of SOD increased significantly in Dihydroergotoxine mesylate tablet group and Longshengzhi capsule high-dose group ，the serum level of GSH-Px increased significantly while the MDA level decreased significantly in each administration group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. HE staining showed that Longshengzhi capsule could improve the histopathological damage of hippocampus in vascular dementia model rats. A total of 14 differential metabolites were screened and identified by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis model （VIP＞1 and P＜0.05）. The results of metabolic pathway enrichment analysis showed that the metabolic pathways involved in vascular dementia in rats mainly included vitamin B 6 metabolism，fatty acid metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthesis. CONCLUSIONS Longshengzhi capsule can improve the learning and memory ability of rats caused by vascular dementia. Its effect may be related to improving the oxidative stress injury caused by lipid accumulation in the process of vascular dementia. The metabolic pathways involved mainly include vitamin B 6 metabolism，fatty acid metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthesis.

Animals ; Mice ; Microscopy ; Seizures ; Brain

Objective To establish the methodology of combining BOLD and 1H-MRS for investigating correlation between the deactivation in medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentration by acupuncture at LI4 (Point Hegu),and to optimize the experimental technique and procedure.Methods Twenty healthy adult volunteers were enrolled.During fMRI-BOLD scanning,each subject received acupuncture at right LI4 (Point Hegu).MRS scanning was based on MEGA-PRESS sequence,and ROIs were located at bilateral MPFC.The task BOLD fMRI was block design,including 3 stimulations (30 s) with 2 intervals (2 min).Then MRS scanning was performed before and after BOLD.The quantitative values of the BOLD positive and negative activations (Pm) and GABA concentrations were calculated.Results All 20 subjects completed BOLD fMRI scanning,and met the postprocessing requirements.MRS images of 9 subjects with good image quality were included in analysis.Among all 20 subjects,positive activation (Pm=1.17± 0.16) was observed in 9,while negative activation (Pm =-1.31 ± 0.17) was observed in 11 subjects.The GABA average values before and after the acupuncture were (19.93 ±1.04) nmol/L and (20.04±0.81)nmol/L,respectively,and the average amplitude between post-and pre-acupuncture was (0.11 ± 1.60)nmol/L.Conclusion The success rate of this method for quantitative study of brain function established multimodal-functional (BOLD-fMRI and MRS) was acceptable,and the multimodal brain function changes as well as the quantitative values were observed in the brain region during acupuncture.Combined BOLD and MRS quantitative method is feasible for testing acupuncture response in the brain.

Objective To observe the contribution of acute normovolemic hemodilution ( ANH) in experiment of cryopreserved dog limb replantation.Methods Sixteen healthy Beagle dogs (male:female=1:1) were divided into two groups.Dogs in the experiment group ( Group B) received ANH in the limb replantation, and dogs in the control group ( Group A) received the same amount of lactate Ringer’ s solution intravenously during the surgical operation.We recorded and compared the hemodynamic indexes, HB, HCT, the resuscitation time, the first rising head time, the first standing time and the first eating and drinking time between the two groups.Results ( 1 ) During the operation, both PaO2 and PCO2 in the two groups were normal, as well as the breathing rate.The heart rate in the group B was lower than that in the group A.Before blood transfusion, there was no statistically significant difference in HB and HCT between the two groups, but after transfusion they were significantly higher in the group B than in the group A.(2) The resuscitation time, the first rising head time, the first standing time and the first eating and drinking time of the group B were all better than those in the group A.Conclusions In cryopreserved dog limb replantation experiments, acute normovolemic hemodilution is helpful to improve the general condition and facilitate the recovery of animals after limb replantation.

BACKGROUND:Methods after mechanical stimulation can be combined with various kinds of cells to produce many conversion types so as to start the various physiological functions of the body. OBJECTIVE:To analysis the reason why rol ing massage can improve the intracellular concentration of Ca2+METHODS:A biodynamic experimental device was set up, composed of pressure generating device, pressure forming device, pressure display device and related data recording device. We detected the effects of rol ing massage on Ca . 2+concentration in normal skeletal muscle cells and damaged cells through the different functions of the experimental device and system software. These functions consisted of pressure display, data transmission and recording, signal acquisition and processing, pressure signal acquisition, control and processing of signal acquisition, wireless signal transmission and receiving system, display system, storage system, system implementation function. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The experiment results showed that rol ing massage could reduce the Ca 2+concentration in the normal skeletal muscle cells and damaged cells. These findings suggest that rol ing massage can improve the overload of intracellular Ca2+in damaged cells, and it is superior to the sinusoidal mechanical stimulus.

The present study was conducted to develop new inhibitors of pancreatic lipase and alpha-glucosidase from Chinese dietary herbs. Sixty-three dietary herbs from 39 taxonomic families were selected and extracted with aqueous ethanol or water. The extracts were then tested with in vitro enzyme assays for their ability to inhibit pancreatic lipase and alpha-glucosidase activities. Orlistat and acarbose were used as two positive controls. The extracts of Nelumbo nucifera, Curcuma longa, Piper longum and Morus alba showed strong pancreatic lipase inhibitory effects with IC50 at (28.00 +/- 5.51), (5.24 +/- 0.51), (14.76 +/- 2.58), (4.78 +/- 0.58), (3.41 +/- 0.67) mg x L(-1), respectively. These extracts also showed potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities with IC50 at (1.98 +/- 0.13), (0. 18 + 0.007), (0.71 +/- 0.08), (0.077 +/- 0.005), (0.089 +/- 0.006) g x L(-1), respectively. The results provide useful information for developing new drugs or natural health products for hyperlipidemia and hypoglycemia from Chinese dietary herbs.
Curcuma ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Lipase ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Morus ; chemistry ; Nelumbo ; chemistry ; Pancreas ; enzymology ; Piper ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; alpha-Glucosidases ; metabolism

Global warming caused by the increasing CO2 concentration in atmosphere is a serious problem in the international political, economic, scientific and environmental fields in recent years. Intensive carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technologies have been developed for a feasible system to remove CO2 from industrial exhaust gases especially for combustion flue gas. In these technologies, the biofixation of CO2 by microalgae has the potential to diminish CO2 and produce the biomass. In this review, the current status focusing on biofixation of CO2 from combustion flue gases by microalgae including the selection of microalgal species and effect of flue gas conditions, the development of high efficient photobioreactor and the application of microalgae and its biomass product were reviewed and summarized. Finally, the perspectives of the technology were also discussed.
Air Pollutants ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Air Pollution ; prevention & control ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Carbon Dioxide ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Microalgae ; metabolism ; Photochemistry

ObjectiveTo investigate characteristics in vitro and contrast-enhanced effect in vivo with self-made nano-scale ultrasoud-enhanced contrast agent.MethodsNano-lipid microbubbles were prepared by machine vibration and low-speed centrifugation.The surface potential and the microbubbles size were assessed by Zetasizer nano ZS90.The bubbles dispersity and micromorphous were observed under light microscopy and electron microscope.The characteristics of microbubbles were studied at various times at 4℃ environment.The enhancement duration time and intensity of nano-lipid microbubbles in nude mice livers,kidneys and subcutaneous implanted tumors were observed,and compared with micro-scale microbubbles.ResnltsThe mean diameter of nano-lipid microbubbles was (580.6 ± 36.3) nm.The contrast imaging study in vivo showed the nano-lipid microbubbles could significantly enhance ultrasonic imaging in nude mice livers,kidneys and subcutaneous implanted tumors.ConclusionsSelf-made nano-scale ultrasoudenhanced contrast agent showed good stability and contrast-enhancement effect in vitro,and provide a experimental basis for ultrasound imaging and therapeutics of malignant tumors.

BACKGROUND: Olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation is a better theray for spinal cord injury, and it becomes one of the most promising treatment methods. Local transplantation is applied currently, with the disadvantages of complex operation, large trauma, repeated transplantation. Looking for a simple and effective way for cell transplantation becomes a hotspot for scholars from various countries.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect and possibility of transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells for treatment of spinal cord injury.METHODS: Wistar rats with T 10 spinal cord hemisecti on were divided into 4 groups: intramedullary local transplantation group (A),vein transplantation group (B), D/F12 transplantation group (C) and control group (D). The functional recovery of rats with spinal cord injury was observed with combined behavioral score at different phases. The tissue sections of each group were made at 5 and 10 weeks postoperatively to observe the axon regeneration and the survival of olfactory ensheathing cells.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The experiment showed that the rats transplanted with OECs at injured site and through the vein had more improvement in functional recovery and histological changes than the other two groups. The effect between A group and B group had not significant difference. The method of treating spinal cord injury by transplanting OECs via the vein not only simplifies the operation and avoids many complications but also has good curative effect similar to local transplantation.