Gentianopsis barbata (G. barbata) represents a significant plant species with considerable ornamental and medicinal value in China. This investigation sought to elucidate the primary constituents within the plant and investigate their pharmacological properties. Fifty triterpenoids (1-50), including nine previously undescribed compounds (1, 2, 7, 10, 20, 28, 29, 37, and 41) were isolated and characterized from the whole plants of G. barbata. Notably, compounds 1 and 2 exhibited the novel 3,4;9,10-diseco-24-homo-cycloartane triterpenoid skeleton. The isolated triterpenoids demonstrated substantial anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) cytokine secretion in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages, and hepatoprotective effects by preventing tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced oxidative injury in HepG2 cells. These results demonstrate both the presence of diverse triterpenoids in G. barbata and their therapeutic potential for inflammatory and hepatic conditions, providing scientific evidence supporting the clinical application of this traditional Mongolian medicinal plant.
Triterpenes/isolation & purification* ; Mice ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/isolation & purification* ; Animals ; Humans ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Hep G2 Cells ; Interleukin-6/genetics* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics* ; Medicine, Mongolian Traditional ; Macrophages/immunology* ; Protective Agents/isolation & purification* ; Liver/drug effects* ; Gentianaceae/chemistry* ; Plant Extracts/chemistry* ; Molecular Structure

OBJECTIVE: To assess health equity in the Yangtze River region to improve understanding of the correlation between hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and socioeconomic factors. METHODS: From 2014-2016, data on HFMD incidence, population statistics, economic indicators, and meteorology from 26 cities along the Yangtze River were analyzed. A multi-city random-effects meta-analysis was performed to study the relationship between temperature and HFMD transmission, and health equity was assessed with respect to socio-economic impact. RESULTS: Over the study period, 919,458 HFMD cases were reported, with Shanghai (162,303) having the highest incidence and Tongling (5,513) having the lowest. Males were more commonly affected (male-to-female ratio, 1.49:1). The exposure-response relationship had an M-shaped curve, with two HFMD peaks occurring at 4 °C and 26 °C. The relative risk had two peaks at 1.30 °C (1.834, 95% CI: 1.204-2.794) and 31.4 °C (1.143, 95% CI: 0.901-1.451), forming an M shape, with the first peak higher than the second. The most significant impact of temperature on HFMD was observed between -2 °C and 18.1 °C. The concentration index (0.2463) indicated moderate concentration differences, whereas the Theil index (0.0418) showed low inequality in distribution. CONCLUSION The incidence of HFMD varied across cities, particularly with changes in temperature. Economically prosperous areas showed higher risks, indicating disparities. Targeted interventions in these areas are crucial for mitigating the risk of HFMD.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; China/epidemiology* ; Cities/epidemiology* ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/transmission* ; Incidence ; Risk Factors ; Temperature

Background: Intradermal microdroplet injections of botulinum toxin type-A (BoNT/A) effectively ameliorate rosacea-related angiogenesis, but the mechanism remains unclear. Objective: To explore the anti-angiogenesis of BoNT/A in the rosacea-like mouse model and to measure the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by mast cells. Methods: A rosacea-like mouse model was induced by LL37 in both Mas-related G-proteincoupled receptor B2 conditional knockout (MrgprB2 −/− ) mice and wild-type (WT) mice, then treated with BoNT/A and/or Apatinib. The abundance of endothelial cells and mast cells in mouse skin was determined using dual immunofluorescence staining. The VEGF levels in supernatants and cell lysates of laboratory of allergic disease 2 (LAD2) mast cells were assessed using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blots, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The effect of conditioned medium (CM) collected from LAD2 on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was determined using tube formation assays. The number of proliferative cells was confirmed using the 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine incorporation assays.The effect of BoNT/A on the internalization of Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) was detected using flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining. Results: LL37-induced rosacea-like skin manifestations were significantly alleviated in MrgprB2 −/− mice compared to WT controls. BoNT/A mitigated the LL37-induced secretion of VEGF by LAD2. The CM from BoNT/A-treated LAD2 inhibited HUVEC proliferation and tube formation. The LAD2 cells co-treated with LL37 and BoNT/A exhibited dramatically enhanced MRGPRX2 internalization. Conclusion BoNT/A enhances LL37-mediated MRGPRX2 internalization in mast cells, thereby reducing VEGF secretion and neovascularization and improving facial flushing symptom in rosacea.

Objective To analyze the changes in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters in patients with essential hypertension，and to explore the effect of blood pressure on OCTA parameters. Methods A total of 164 patients with essential hypertension were selected and divided into controlled blood pressure group (n=92) and uncontrolled blood pressure group (n=72). OCTA examination was performed on the optic disc and macula of all patients, and the right eyes were selected for analysis. Results There were no significant differences in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) total vascular density, RPC total small vessel density, perifovea superficial capillary plexus (SCP) vascular density, and perifovea deep capillary plexus (DCP) vascular density between the two groups of patients. There were no significant differences in foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, FAZ diameter, and fovea retinal thickness between the two groups of patients. The density of the parafovea SCP, parafovea DCP, and fractal dimension (FD) in the uncontrolled blood pressure group were significantly lower than those in the controlled blood pressure group (P＜0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that elevation of blood pressure was a independently related factor of reduced parafovea DCP density (P＝0.026), while there was no correlation between the uncontrolled blood pressure and parafovea SCP density and FD level. Conclusions The blood pressure level is correlated with the parafovea DCP density, while has no correlation with other OCTA parameters in hypertension patients.

Pogostemon cablin is a famous southern medicine.As the important raw material for modern medicine and industry,Pogostemon cablin becomes required with a large marketing demand.However,due to the serious continuous cropping obstacles in the growth process of Pogostemon cablin,the aggravation of diseases of Pogostemon cablin and the degradation of its quality arose.This paper outlined the ecological factors such as climate factors,soil factors and topographic factors suitable for the growth of Pogostemon cablin,analyzed the continuous cropping obstacles and diseases arising in the cultivation,reviewed the current ecological planting mode of Pogostemon cablin such as crop rotation,intercropping,relay-cropping and under-forest planting,and also made a comprehensive evaluation of the economic benefits,ecological benefits and social benefits of the ecological planting mode of Pogostemon cablin,aiming to provide a theoretical basis and a reference for the promotion of the ecological planting mode of Pogostemon cablin.

Post-stroke cognitive impairment(PSCI)is a prevalent functional impairments following stroke that seriously affects patients'quality of life and daily activities.Studies indicate a close relationship between intestinal microflora dysbiosis and central nervous system diseases.Intestinal microflora profoundly impacts on human physiological health,contributing to the stability of nervous,metabolic and immune systems through regulation of the gut-brain axis.An increasing number of studies confirmed the important role of the gut microbiome-gut-brain axis in the occurrence and development of stroke and its associated PSCI,and regulation of microbiome-gut-brain could be potential target to treatment of PSCI.This review summarizes research progress on gut microbiome-gut-brain axis and PSCI to provide a reference for exploration of related mechanisms and clinical prevention and treatment strategies.

Objective To explore the relationship between the expression levels of adenosine triphosphate binds to the box transporter C4(ABCC4)and microRNA-125b-5p(miR-125b-5p)and survival 3 years after surgery in prostate cancer(PCa)tissue.Methods A total of 60 patients with PCa diagnosed in Huanghua People's Hospital from November 2017 to February 2020 were selected,and PCa tissues(PCa group)and pa-racancer tissues(control group)were collected intraoperatively.The expression levels of ABCC4 mRNA,miR-125b-5p and ABCC4 in the samples were detected;the patients were followed up for 3 years.The correlation between the expression levels of ABCC4 mRNA and miR-125b-5p in PCa tissues,their relationship with clini-copathological features and prognosis,and the factors affecting the prognosis of PCa patients,the predictive value of both for 3-year survival of patients were analyzed.Results The expression level and positive rate of ABCC4 mRNA in PCa group were higher than those in control group,and the expression level of miR-125b-5p was lower than that in control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The expres-sion level of ABCC4 mRNA and miR-125b-5p in PCa tissue was negatively correlated(P＜0.05).The expres-sion level of ABCC4 mRNA and miR-125b-5p in PCa tissue was related to tumor stage,serum prostate specific antigen,Gleason score and tumor metastasis(P＜0.05).The 3-year cumulative survival rate of patients in the ABCC4 mRNA high expression group and the miR-125b-5p low expression group was lower than that in the ABCC4 mRNA low expression group and the miR-125b-5p high expression group,respectively,and the differ-ences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The expression level of ABCC4 mRNA in the PCa tissue in death group was higher than that in survival group,and the expression level of miR-125b-5p was lower than that in survival group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).High expression of ABCC4 mRNA and low expression of miR-125b-5p were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in PCa patients(P＜0.05).Compared to the area under the curve(AUC)predicted by ABCC4 mRNA and miR-125b-5p alone for 3-year survival in PCa patients,the combined prediction of the two had a higher AUC(P＜0.05).Conclu-sion ABCC4 is highly expressed and miR-125b-5p is low expressed in PCa patients'cancer tissues,and the combination of the two has a high predictive power for 3-year survival in PCa patients.

Objective:To explore the role of NK cells in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell micro-transplantation(MST)in the treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML).Methods:Data from 93 AML patients treated with MST at our center from 2013-2018 were retrospectively analyzed.The induction regimen was anthracycline and cytarabine combined with peripheral blood stem cells transplantation mobilization by granulocyte colony stimulating factor(GPBSC),followed by 2-4 courses of intensive treatment with medium to high doses of cytarabine combined with GPBSC after achieving complete remission(CR).The therapeutic effects of one and two courses of MST induction therapy on 42 patients who did not reach CR before transplantation were evaluated.Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to analyze the impact of donor NK cell dose and KIR genotype,including KIR ligand mismatch,2DS1,haplotype,and HLA-Cw ligands on survival prognosis of patients.Results:Forty-two patients received MST induction therapy,and the CR rate was 57.1％after 1 course and 73.7％after 2 courses.Multivariate analysis showed that,medium and high doses of NK cells was significantly associated with improved disease-free survival(DFS)of patients(HR=0.27,P=0.005;HR=0.21,P=0.001),and high doses of NK cells was significantly associated with improved overall survival(OS)of patients(HR=0.15,P=0.000).Donor 2DS1 positive significantly increases OS of patients(HR=0.25,P=0.011).For high-risk patients under 60 years old,patients of the donor-recipient KIR ligand mismatch group had longer DFS compared to the nonmismatch group(P=0.036);donor 2DS1 positive significantly prolonged OS of patients(P=0.009).Conclusion:NK cell dose,KIR ligand mismatch and 2DS1 influence the therapeutic effect of MST,improve the survival of AML patients.

Objective:To establish a predictive model for the progression of acute kidney injury (AKI) to stage 3 AKI (renal failure) in the intensive care unit (ICU), so as to assist physicians to make early and timely decisions on whether to intervene in advance.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted. Thirty-eight patients with AKI admitted to the intensive care medicine of the Third People's Hospital of Henan Province from January 2018 to May 2023 were enrolled. Patient data including acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ) upon admission, serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), daily urine output during hospitalization, and the timing of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) intervention were recorded. Based on clinically collected pathological data, standardized creatinine value ratio mean polynomial fitting models were established as the first criterion for judging the progression to stage 3 AKI after data cleansing, screening, and normalization. Additionally, standardized creatinine value ratio index fitting models were established as the second criterion for predicting progression to stage 3 AKI.Results:A total of 38 AKI patients were included, including 25 males and 13 females. The average age was (58.45±12.94) years old. The APACHEⅡ score was 24.13±4.17 at admission. The intervention node was (4.42±0.95) days. Using a dual regression model approach, statistical modeling was performed with a relatively small sample size of statistical data samples, yielding a scatter index non-linear regression model for standardized creatinine value ratio data relative to day " n", with y = 1.246?2 x1.164?9 and an R2 of 0.860?1, indicating reasonable statistical fitting. Additionally, a quadratic non-linear regression model was obtained for the mean standardized creatinine value ratio relative to day " n", with y = -0.260?6 x2+3.010?7 x-1.612 and an R2 of 0.998?9, indicating an excellent statistical fit. For example, using a baseline SCr value of 66 μmol/L for a healthy individual, the dual regression model predicted that the patient would progress to stage 3 AKI within 3-5 days. This prediction was consistent when applied to other early intervention renal injury patients. Conclusion:The established model effectively predicts the time interval of the progression of AKI to stage 3 AKI (renal failure), which assist intensive care physicians to intervene AKI as early as possible to prevent disease progression.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanisms of lncRNA OIP5-AS1 on cell proliferation and apoptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).Methods TE-1 cells were randomly divided into control(normal culture),si-NC(transfected with si-NC),si-OIP5-AS1(transfected with si-OIP5-AS1),si-OIP5-AS1+NC inhibitor(transfected with si-OIP5-AS1,NC inhibitor),si-OIP5-AS1+miR-129 inhibitor(transfected with si-OIP5-ASS1,miR-129 inhibitor),NC mimic(transfected with NC mimic),miR-129 mimic(transfected with miR-129 mimic),miR-129 mimic+Vector(transfected with miR-129 mimic,Vector),miR-129 mimic+KRAS[transfected with miR-129 mimic,Kirsten rat sarcoma virus oncogene(KRAS)]groups.The expression of OIP5-AS1 and miR-129 in each group was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay.The expression levels of KRAS,N-cadherin,Vimentin and E-cadherin in cells were detected by Western blot assay.Cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8),and apoptosis was detected by terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling(TUNEL)assay.Results The expression levels of OIP5-AS1 in cells of control,si-NC,si-OIP5-AS1,si-OIP5-AS1+NC inhibitor,si-OIP5-AS1+miR-129 inhibitor groups were 1.00±0.13,0.98±0.12,0.25±0.04,0.25±0.02 and 0.89±0.08;the expression levels of miR-129 were 1.00±0.15,0.97±0.07,2.06±0.17,2.04±0.11 and 1.22±0.15;72 h absorbance values(OD)were 1.16±0.12,1.11±0.09,0.58±0.03,0.58±0.05 and 0.94±0.10.The KRAS protein expression levels of NC mimic,miR-129 mimic,miR-129 mimic+Vector,and miR-129 mimic+KRAS groups were 1.08±0.07,0.41±0.06,0.40±0.06,1.03±0.10;the 72 h OD values were 1.17±0.10,0.59±0.03,0.60±0.04 and 0.90±0.05,respectively.si-NC group was compared with si-OIP5-AS1 group,si-OIP5-AS1+NC inhibitor group was compared with si-OIP5-AS1+miR-129 inhibitor group,NC mimic group was compared with miR-129 mimic group,miR-129 mimic+Vector group was compared with miR-129 mimic+KRAS group,the differences of the above indexes were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Conclusion OIP5-AS1 can promote ESCC cell proliferation and epithelial mesenchymal transformation by regulating miR-129 targeting KRAS.