Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Adolescent ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

Abstract: Objective　To explore the clinical characteristics of nucleic acid negative newborns delivered by pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 (Omicron variant BA. 5.1.3) in Sanya area, and to provide evidence for understanding its clinical characteristics. Methods　A retrospective analysis was performed on 14 neonates with negative nucleic acid delivered by pregnant women who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (Omicron variant BA.5.1.3) in Sanya Central Hospital (the Third People's Hospital of Hainan Province) from June 2022 to September 2022 (observation group, n=14). The corresponding nucleic acid-negative newborns delivered by pregnant women detected negative with SARS-CoV-2 (Omicronon variant strain BA.5.1.3) were set as the control group (n=56), and the general data and clinical characteristics of neonates in the two groups were compared. Results　There was no significant difference between the observation group and the control group in pregnancy diabetes, pregnancy induced hypertension, gestational pre-eclampsia, fetal intrauterine distress, premature rupture of membranes (P>0.05); there was no significant difference between the observation group and the control group in terms of sex, gestational age, birth weight, age, mode of delivery, birth Apgar score, heart screening, pulmonary disease, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, thalassemia, breast milk jaundice, hemolytic jaundice (P>0.05). The bilirubin level, blue light irradiation cases and the duration of blue light irradiation of the newborns in the observation group at 7 days after birth were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05); the ratio of blood oxygen saturation ≥ 90% in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (21.43% vs 89.29%, P<0.05), and the ratio of blood oxygen saturation occasionally<90% was higher than that in the control group (57.14% vs 10.71%, P<0.05). The ratio of blood oxygen saturation<90% had no significant difference compared with that in the control group (7.14% vs 0, P>0.05), and the ratio of blood oxygen saturation reduced to the required oxygen uptake was higher than that in the control group (14.29% vs 0, P<0.05). Conclusions　The jaundice manifestation of the nucleic acid-negative newborns delivered by pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 (Omicronon variant strain BA.5.1.3) in Sanya area is relatively obvious, with blood oxygen saturation easily lower than 90% and even requiring oxygen inhalation in severe cases.

Animals ; Coronary Restenosis ; prevention & control ; Diterpenes ; administration & dosage ; Epoxy Compounds ; Iliac Artery ; pathology ; Male ; Phenanthrenes ; administration & dosage ; Rabbits ; Stents ; Tunica Intima ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo observe the microvascular distribution of the transmidline scapular flap supplied by the contralateral circumflex scapular artery.

METHODSThe integument and deep tissues of 6 fresh cadavers were dissected and radiographed after vermilion mixture was injected to the unilateral circumflex scapular artery.

RESULTSThe vascular tree passed the midline and reached to the contralateral acromion. The vessel density was the highest in the irrigating side of the back, which was higher in the middle area. In the contralateral side,the high vessel density concentrated in the upper part of the back.

CONCLUSIONSThe result revealed the direct evidence for the clinical application of the transmidline scapular flap. In design and elevating of the transmidline scapular flap, it should be slanting to the upper part of the contralateral back.

Arteries ; anatomy & histology ; Cadaver ; Diagnostic Imaging ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Scapula ; transplantation ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply

OBJECTIVETo investigate the hemodynamic changes of an over-midline axial flap.

METHODSAn over-midline axial flap, based on the iliac artery and veins, was raised on the back of each selected Wistar rat (n = 30), vascularied by contralateral. The flap size is 7 cm x 3 cm. The over-midline part is 3 cm x 3 cm. A laser doppler flowmetry (LDF) was used to evaluate the hemodynamic changes preoperatively, and 6 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, 7 days, and 14 days after the operation respectively.

RESULTSAll of the flaps survived well. But, in the first three days after the operation, the blood perfusion of the flap in the areas of the midline and the distal part was significantly lower than the preoperation's level. Thereafter, the values of the blood perfusion started to increase till to the maximum 7 days after the operation. On the 14 days after the operation, the vascular structures was axially matched to the base of the flap. In the distal part of the flap, the choke vessels were gradually opened and resulted in the blood perfusion to the normal level.

CONCLUSIONThe hemodynamic changes of the over-midline axial flap transmidline flap could occur to match the need of the base of the flap.

Animals ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; physiology ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Time Factors

Objective:To evaluate the influence of different CO2 pneumoperitoneum pressure on intestinal mucosal injury and intestinal function recovery in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy.Methods:A total of 120 patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy were randomly divided into group A,B and C.Each group included 40 patients.CO2 pneumoperitoneum pressure ingroup A,B and C were 8～10 mmHg,11～13 mmHg and 14～16 mmHg,respectively.The degree of intestinal mucosa damage,plasma D-lactate(2,24 and 48 hours after the treat-ment),intestinal function recovery and complication ration were compared between the three groups.Results:Damage degree of intestinal mucosa after operation in A,B and C groups were 0～1,1～2 and 2～3 respectively.There was significant change in intestinal mucosa injury after operation in both B and C groups.The level of D-lactic acid in group C (2,24 and 48 hours after the treat-ment) were significantly higher those in group A and group B (P＜0.05).The bowel sounds appeared time,exhaust time and intake time in group C were significantly longer than group A and group B (P＜0.05).The incidence of complications were not significantly difference during the three groups.Conclusion:The high pressure of CO2 pneumoperitoneum will cause intestinal mucosa damaged,and not conducive to the patients' intestinal rehabilitation.We suggest that the CO2 pneumoperitoneum pressure should be as low as possible under clear visualization during operation.

During the progression of heart failure(HF),abnormal transduction of the transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)/Smads signaling pathway is important mechanism of myocardial fibrosis(MF)in HF.TGF-β,a key factor in MF,is in an overexpression state in the process of MF in HF,and Smads is a major effector downstream of TGF-β.The TGF-β/Smads pathway induces abnormal proliferation of myofibroblasts,aggravates myocardial extracellular matrix deposition,and reduces the ability of the cardiac tissues to resist fibrosis,which plays a complex role in the pathogenesis of MF in HF.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has the efficacy of unequivocal inhibiting myocardial collagen deposition,anti-MF,protecting the myocardium and improving cardiac function in the prevention and treatment of MF in HF and so on,and the TGF-β/Smads pathway is one of the key pathways through which TCM monomers,TCM combinations,and proprietary medicines can exert their cardioprotective effects on the HF.This paper reviews the existing experimental research results of TCM intervening in the TGF-β/Smads pathway for the treatment of MF in HF over the past 10 years,with a view to providing theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of HF MF well as the development and of new drugs.

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the epidemiological characteristics (season, age, gender, mixed infection and clinical manifestations, etc.) of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection in children in Hainan Province, so as to provide epidemiological evidence-based medical basis for the prevention and control of MP infection in children in Hainan Province. Methods　The serum IgM antibodies of MP, Legionella pneumophila, Chlamydia pneumoniae, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Q fever Rickettsia, parainfluenza virus, influenza A virus and influenza B virus in children with respiratory tract infections (RTIs) who were hospitalized in pediatrics of many hospitals in Hainan Province from March 2012 to February 2020 were detected by indirect immunofluorescence method. The positive serum MP-IgM antibody was defined as MP infection. The epidemiological and clinical data of MP infected cases were analyzed retrospectively. Results　From March, 2012 to February, 2020, a total of 35 731 qualified pediatric inpatients with RTIs in many hospitals in Hainan Province were tested for serum MP-IgM with the total positive rate of 39.12% (13 978/35 731). The yearly positive rates of MP-IgM from 2012 to 2020 were 48.39%, 56.23%, 56.62%, 47.04%, 29.71%, 24.14%, 47.55%, 36.84% and 24.46% respectively. The positive rates of MP-IgM in 2013 and 2014 were significantly higher than those in other years (P<0.05). The positive rate of MP-IgM in summer in Hainan Province was the highest (41.34%) and the lowest in winter (35.77%) (P<0.05). MP infection occurred in all age groups, the positive rate of MP-IgM in children of preschool (51.80%) was significantly higher than that in other age groups (P<0.01), and the positive rate of MP IgM in children of infancy (15.36%) was lower than that in other age groups (P<0.01). The positive rate of MP-IgM in female was 44.77%, which was significantly higher than that in male (35.83%) (P<0.05). MP infection combined with positive IgM of another pathogen accounted for 32.63% (4 561 cases), positive IgM of another two pathogens accounted for 1.26% (176 cases). MP infection was mostly found in pneumonia (68.73%), and the main clinical symptoms were cough (84.72%), fever (51.01%) and wheezing (3.16%). Conclusions　MP is an important pathogen of respiratory tract infection in children in Hainan Province, and infection is more common in children in early school age and early childhood. Mp-specific tests should be performed to identify the pathogen in children suspected of MP infection. In the high incidence season, health education should be strengthened in kindergartens, schools and other places to prevent respiratory tract infection.

Objective:To discuss clinical effect of addition and subtraction therapy of Wuhutang combined with Qingjin Jianghuotang to community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children with syndrome of phlegm heat closing lung, and to study the influence to inflammatory factors. Method:One hundred and forty patients were randomly divided into control group (69 cases) and observation group (71 cases) by random number table. Patients in two group of chidren got comprehensive symptomatic treatment measures of anti-infection, antipyretic, expectorant, antiasthmatic and respiratory support of inflammatory factors. The control group was treated with Lingyang Qingfei granules.1 g/time,3 time/day. Patients in observation group added addition and subtraction therapy of Wuhutang combined with Qingjin Jianghuotang, 1 dose/day. The courses of treatment in two groups were 7 days. And temperature, time of antipyretic, time of complete antipyretic and rate of complete antipyretic at the 7^th day after treatment were recorded. And release time and disappearance time of cough, expectoration, disappearance time of pulmonary rales and treatment failure were also recorded. And before and after treatment, scores of syndrome of phlegm heat closing lung were graded, and levels of serum high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected. Result:Analyzed by rank sum test, effect in observation group was better than that in control group (Z=2.106, P<0.05), and curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome was also better than that in control group (Z=2.119, P<0.05). Time of antipyretic, time of complete antipyretic, release time and disappearance time of cough and expectoration and disappearance time of pulmonary rales were all shorter than those in control group (P<0.01). Rate of complete antipyretic at the 7^th day after treatment in observation group was 96.92%（63/65） higher than 82.81%（53/64） in control group (χ²=7.085, P<0.05). Failure rate of treatment was 9.23%（6/65） lower than 23.44%（15/64） in control group (χ²=4.775, P<0.05). And major symptom, physical sign score, minor symptom score, the total score of syndrome of phlegm heat closing lung and levels of hs-CRP, PCT, TNF-α and IL-6 were all lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Conclusion:On the basis of comprehensive anti-infection treatment, addition and subtraction therapy of Wuhutang combined with Qingjin Jianghuotang can control the clinical symptoms, and the advantages of rapid onset, rapid symptom regression, short course of disease can be found, and it can also reduce the inflammatory reaction, control the progress of the disease. The complete antipyretic rate, disease efficacy and TCM syndrome efficacy are better.