OBJECTIVETo detect the human papillomavirus (HPV) infectious condition in women with abnormal cytology and evaluate its values in the screening of high grade cervical intraepithelial lesion.

METHOD101 patients who underwent thinprep cell test(TCT) with abnormal cervical cytology were selected to undergo HPV test, all subjects also received tissue biopsy at the same time.

RESULTS(1) Among the 101 patients,the incidence rates of high risk HPV infection of those with ASCUS, LSIL, HSIL and squamous cell carcinoma were 84.2%, 88.6%, 100.0% and 2/2 respectively. (2) Among the patients with abnormal cytology,the number of patients with pathologically confirmed results of CIN I and CIN II or worse were 20 and 81, the incidence rates of high risk HPV infection of those with CIN I and CIN II or worse were 60.0% and 97.5% respectively. (3) In the ASCUS group, the incidence rates of CIN II or worse with high risk HPV infection were 87.5% and the incidence rates of CIN II or worse without high risk HPV infection were 16.7%. (4) The prevalence of high risk HPV types from highest to lowest order were follow: HPV16 (39.6%), 58 (17.8%), 52 (16.8%), 18 (9.9%), 33 (9.9%).

CONCLUSIONSThe infection rate of high risk HPV was positively correlated with the levels of cervical lesions. HPV test is a good triage approach for the patients with ASCUS. HPV16, 58, 52, 18, 33 are the most common in the patients of cervical lesions.

Adult ; Alphapapillomavirus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Cervix Uteri ; cytology ; pathology ; virology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Papillomavirus Infections ; diagnosis ; pathology ; virology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the blood flow characteristics of hepatitis B cirrhosis based on Couinaud's hepatic segments and to analyze the correlation between perfusion parameters of liver cirrhosis in the hepatic segments and between the different Child-Pugh classifications by using the pattern of whole liver perfusion detected by multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT).

METHODSWhole-liver perfusion enhanced CT imaging scan was performed for 51 patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis (including 24 classified as Child-Pugh A, 19 as Child-Pugh B, and 8 as Child-Pugh C) and 20 patients without any liver abnormalities (who served as the control group).The perfusion parameters of Couinaud's segments were measured in order to compare the blood perfusion differences among the Couinaud's hepatic segments in liver cirrhosis. The blood flow characteristics were analyzed for each lobe and compared between groups, and the time to peak and peak of enhancement values of the aorta and portal veins and spleen were recorded and compared between groups.The F-test was used for statistical analysis.

RESULTSThe liver cirrhosis group showed higher time to peak for aorta and portal veins and spleen but lower peak of enhancement values than the control group. The hepatic arterial perfusion (HAP) was significantly higher in segment 3 than in segment 7 were (11.40+/- 5.72 vs.9.46+/-5.18 mL/min/100 mL; P less than 0.05). In addition, the differences of the portal venous perfusion (PVP) and total hepatic perfusion (THP) were significant between the liver lobes in various groups (P less than 0.05). The HAP and hepatic perfusion index (HPI) were not significantly different between the groups, but the HAP and HPI in every lobe were higher in the Child C subgroup than in either the Child A or Child B subgroups.

CONCLUSIONThe cirrhotic liver has different blood flow in the various Couinaud's segments. Whole-liver perfusion MSCT can reflect the hemodynamic changes of liver cirrhosis and Child-Pugh classification, and as such may be helpful for distinguishing the normal liver from the cirrhotic liver.

Hemodynamics ; Hepatic Artery ; Hepatitis B ; complications ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; Liver Neoplasms ; Perfusion ; Perfusion Imaging ; Portal Vein ; Spleen ; Tomography, Spiral Computed

The objective of study was to explore the influence of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) on migration of cord blood CD34(+) cells and their mechanism of migration. The expressions of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2) and TLR4 were detected by flow cytometry. The CD34(+) cells in umbilical cord blood (CB) were enriched by MiniMACS and were exposed to various concentration of HMGB1 (10, 50, 100, 1, 000 ng/ml), then the migration effect of HMGB1 on umbilical cord blood (UCB) CD34(+) cell count was determined by microscopy, the chemotactic index was calculated. The CD34(+) cells untreated with HMGB1 were used as control. The results indicated that the purity of the isolated CD34(+) cells was more than 98%. The HMGB1 could promote the migration of CD34(+) cells, and the migration effect of HMGB1 on CD34(+) cells in certain concentrations gradually increased along with raise of concentration, the strongest effect was observed in concentration of 100 ng/ml, there was significant difference as compared with control (p < 0.01). Anti-RAGE antibody partially inhibited the migration effect of HMGB1 on CD34(+) cells. It is concluded that the HMGB1 in certain concentration can enhance migration of CD34(+) cells, which may be mediated through RAGE.
Antigens, CD34 ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; drug effects ; HMGB1 Protein ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products ; Receptors, Immunologic ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction

OBJECTIVETo study the risk factors of secondary kyphotic angle increment after bone cement vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.

METHODSFrom October 2005 to May 2006, 32 (45 vertebrae) bone cement vertebroplasty procedures were performed. The operation time, injected cement volume, bone mineral density, visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, vertebral height, and kyphotic angle were recorded. The secondary increment of the kyphotic angle was calculated, and correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were performed.

RESULTSThe bone mineral density, the postoperative kyphotic angle and the vertebral midline height were significantly correlated to the secondary increment of the kyphotic angle.

CONCLUSIONLarge postoperative kyphotic angle, poor postoperative recovery of the vertebral midline height, and low bone mineral density are all risk factors of secondary increment of the kyphotic angle.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Fractures, Compression ; etiology ; surgery ; Humans ; Kyphosis ; etiology ; pathology ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis ; complications ; surgery ; Risk Factors ; Spinal Fractures ; etiology ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Vertebroplasty ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate how to select an appropriate surgical approach in the management of fracture and dislocation of lower cervical spine combined spinal cord injury.

METHODSThe clinical data of 54 patients of lower cervical spine fracture and dislocation were retrospectively analyzed. There were 29 cases with vertebral body compressive fracture and dislocation, 7 cases with vertebral body bursting fracture and dislocation, 3 cases with unilateral facet dislocation, 15 cases with bilateral facet dislocation. All cases were associated with spinal cord injury. According to American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grades, 21 cases were in A grade, 5 cases in B grade, 22 cases in C grade and 6 cases in D grade. All patients had surgical reduction, decompression, stabilization and fusion, 43 cases in anterior approach and 11 cases in posterior approach.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up in 12 to 36 months, the mean follow-up time was 18 months. There were no great vessels, trachea, esophagus or spinal cord iatrogenic injury. There were no pull-out and breakage of screws or plates. Fusion was achieved in all patients at an average of 12 weeks postoperatively. There were no pseudarthrosis or bone nonunion. Of all the patients, 96.3% were acquired completely reduction and the normal intervertebral height and lordosis were maintained. Patients with complete spinal cord had no neurologic recovery, but they felt relief from upper limb pain or numb. Incomplete spinal cord lesions improved on average 1-2 Frankel grade after surgery.

CONCLUSIONSFor lower cervical spine fracture and dislocation, an ideal anatomy reduction can be obtained with either anterior or posterior approach surgery. It is important to select a suitable surgical approach according to different types of cervical fracture and dislocation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cervical Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Diskectomy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; complications ; surgery ; Laminectomy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; complications ; Spinal Fractures ; complications ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the long-term efficacy of anterior approach surgery on cervical spondylotic myelopathy and factors affecting prognosis.

METHODSThe data in 116 patients suffered from cervical spondylosis from January 1992 to December 2000 were reviewed, including 80 male cases and 36 female cases, whose age ranged from 36 to 76 years (mean, 51 years). The preoperative course of disease was 2 months to 20 years (mean, 19 months). There were 65 cases (56.0%) with single segments involved, 44 cases (37.9%) with two segments, 7 cases (6.0%) with three segments. Ninety-eight cases were onset slowly, 18 cases with no remote cause and aggravating quickly. Three kinds of surgeries were performed: anterior cervical decompression and autoiliac bone interbody fusion, anterior cervical decompression and fusion with threaded fusion cage, anterior cervical decompression and autoiliac bone interbody fusion with anterior screw-plate system. Improvement in spinal cord function was assessed using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scoring system, the long-term efficacy and influential factors were also analyzed.

RESULTSThe mean follow-up time was 7 years and three months (5 - 12 years). The mean preoperative JOA score was 9.34 +/- 1.81. The mean postoperative JOA score was 10.35 +/- 1.85. At the final follow-up, the JOA score was 14.09 +/- 1.90 and the recovery rate was 63.2%. Among the total patients, 27 cases were excellent, 47 cases were fine, 23 cases were good, 19 cases were poor, the fineness rate was 63.8%. The long-term efficacy of anterior approach surgery has close correlations with time of course, age of onset, preoperative spinal cord function and the number of affected segments, but has no correlations with modes of fusion and internal fixation.

CONCLUSIONSThe patients will be attentively observed while having a definite diagnosis of cervical spondylotic myelopathy. The good long-term results will be obtained after early anterior cervical decompression and fusion.

Adult ; Aged ; Cervical Vertebrae ; pathology ; surgery ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Spinal Osteophytosis ; surgery ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo explore the expression of NF-E1b in colorectal cancer tissues and its association with various clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of the patients.

METHODSClinicopathological and follow-up data of 168 colorectal cancer patients undergoing radical operation at Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute from 2005 to 2012 were retrospectively analyzed, including 96 males and 72 females, with mean age of (57.8±11.2) years. The expression of NF-E1b protein was detected in samples of 168 resected colorectal cancer tissues and 45 adjacent non-cancerous tissues by immunohistochemistry. The expression rates of NF-E1b were compared among different clinicopathological features. Moreover, the association between NF-E1b expression and prognosis was analyzed.

RESULTSThe expression of NF-E1b protein located mainly in cytoplasm. Positive rate of NF-E1b expression in adjacent non-cancerous tissues was 17.8% (8/45), which was obviously lower than 67.9%(114/168) of cancer tissues with significant difference (χ(2)=36.376, P=0.000). Clinicopathological parameters analysis suggested that the expression level of NF-E1b in cancer tissues was associated with age (χ(2)=4.862, P=0.030), TNM staging (χ(2)=10.969, P=0.002), lymph node metastasis (χ(2)=7.390, P=0.008) and distal metastasis (χ(2)=17.887, P=0.000). The median follow-up time was 23(1-77) months. The overall 5-year survival of this cohort was 33.3%. Colorectal cancer patients with high levels of NF-E1b expression showed a worse overall survival compared with those with low levels of NF-E1b expression (18.4% vs. 56.6%, P=0.000). Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that tumor location (P=0.034), tumor size (P=0.003), TNM staging (P=0.000), depth of tumor invasion (P=0.009), lymph node metastasis (P=0.000), distant metastasis (P=0.000) and NF-E1b expression level (P=0.001) were associated with the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that tumor diameter >4 cm (HR=2.193,95% CI:1.334 to 3.603, P=0.002), distant metastasis (HR=2.064, 95% CI:1.160 to 3.672, P=0.014) and high NF-E1b expression (HR=1.994,95% CI:1.068 to 3.724, P=0.030) were independent risk factors of predicting poor prognosis of colorectal cancer patients.

CONCLUSIONSNF-E1b expression up-regulates in colorectal cancer tissues. High expression of NF-E1b is associated with poor prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. NF-E1b may serve as a potential target of the treatment for colorectal cancer.

Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; Female ; GATA2 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Up-Regulation

OBJECTIVETo investigate high-concentration uric acid-induced endothelial dysfunction mediated by miR-155.

METHODSHuman umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were incubated with 600 µmol/L uric acid for 24 and 48 h, and eNOS expression and NO content in the cell culture were measured. The target genes of miR-155 were predicted using on-line analysis software and validated by dual-luciferase system. Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-155 in endothelial cells incubated with high-concentration uric acid. The effect of miR-155 on endothelial dysfunction was assessed by transfection of its inhibitor into HUVECs.

RESULTSThe expression of eNOS and NO secretion decreased obviously in HUVECs incubated with 600 µmol/L uric acid. MicroRNA on-line analysis software and dual luciferase reporter experiments suggested that the level of eNOS translation was directly regulated by miR-155. The expression of miR-155 in endothelial cells was upregulated after stimulation with high-concentration uric acid, and was inhibited by transfection of miR-155 inhibitor. Expression of eNOS and secretion of NO were elevated in endothelial cells transfected with miR-155 inhibitor after incubation with high-concentration uric acid.

CONCLUSIONHigh-concentration uric acid can down-regulate eNOS expression via miR-155 to induce endothelial dysfunction.

Cells, Cultured ; Down-Regulation ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hyperuricemia ; metabolism ; pathology ; MicroRNAs ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; metabolism ; Uric Acid ; blood

BACKGROUNDThe existence of neurogenesis in the hippocampus of adult nonhuman primates has been confirmed in recent years, however, the biological properties of adult neural stem cells or neural progenitor cells (NPCs) from this region remain to be extensively explored. The present work was to investigate on the expansion of NSCs/NPCs from the hippocampus of adult cynomolgus monkeys and the examination of their characteristics in vitro.

METHODSNPCs isolated from the hippocampus of adult cynomolgus monkeys were expanded in vitro in serum-free media containing growth factors, and were then allowed to differentiate by removing mitotic factors. The expansion capacity of NPCs and their differentiation potential were assayed by immunohistochemical and immunocytochemical analysis.

RESULTSDuring primary culture, NPCs underwent cell division, proliferation and aggregation to form neurospheres that were growing in suspension. Without mitotic stimulation, most neurospheres adhered to the culture dish and started to differentiate. Eventually, nearly 12% of the differentiated cells expressed neuron specific marker-beta III-tubulin (Tuj1) and 84% expressed astrocyte specific marker-fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). In addition, the expression of a neural stem cell marker, nestin, was found both in NPCs and in the subgranular zone of adult monkey hippocampus, where NPCs were originally derived.

CONCLUSIONSNPCs from the hippocampus of adult cynomolgus monkeys can be expanded to some extent in vitro and are capable of differentiating into neurons and astrocytes. Further experiments to promote the in vitro proliferation capacity of NPCs will be required before adult NPCs can be used as a useful cell model for studying adult neurogenesis and cell replacement therapy using adult stem cells.

Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Macaca fascicularis ; Male ; Stem Cells ; cytology

OBJECTIVETo study both the release of HMGB1 from irradiation-treated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and the effects of HMGB1 on human cord blood CD34(+) hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation.

METHODSMSCs were obtained from human bone marrow. HMGB1 released by the MSCs after treatment with 12 Gy gamma-ray irradiation was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). CD34(+) cells were positively selected with a MACS CD34 isolation kit. The freshly isolated CD34(+) cells were cultured in the presence of HMGB1 for 6 days. Phenotype of cultured cells surface molecules (CD13, CD14, CD11c, CD41 and CD71) were analyzed by flow cytometry. The proliferation and differentiation capacities of cord blood HSCs were assayed by colony forming cell assay. The receptors of HMGB1 (RAGE, TLR2 and TLR4) on cord blood CD34(+) cells were detected by flow cytometry.

RESULTSHMGB1 level in the supernatant \[(4.3 +/- 0.9) ng/ml\] of the irradiated MSC was significantly higher than that in control \[(0.4 +/- 0.2) ng/ml\] (P < 0.01). Human cord blood CD34(+) cells expressed the HMGB1 receptors RAGE, TLR2 and TLR4. The HMGB1-treated CD34(+) cells contained higher proportions of CD13(+) \[(32.6 +/- 5.9)% vs (18.4 +/- 3.8)%\], CD14(+)\[(25.4 +/- 4.4)% vs (12.6 +/- 2.7)%\], CD11c(+) \[(20.3 +/- 3.9)% vs (9.8 +/- 2.1)%\], CD71(+) \[(47.1 +/- 7.4)% vs (26.6 +/- 4.6)%\] cells compared with control group did. But HMGB1 did not induce the generation of CD41(+) cells \[(1.3 +/- 0.5)% vs (1.1 +/- 0.4)%\]. Furthermore, HMGB1 profoundly induced the growth of BFU-E, CFU-GM and total CFU in a dose-dependent manner, and this effect was partially inhibited by TLR2 and TLR4 antibodies.

CONCLUSIONHuman MSC treated with gamma-ray irradiation can release HMGB1, which can induce the proliferation and differentiation of human cord CD34(+) cells.

Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; HMGB1 Protein ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; Humans