Objective To evaluate the role of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium (mito-KATe) channels in attenuation of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury by dexmedetomidine in rats.Methods One hundred and twenty healthy male Wistar rats,weighing 290-340 g,were randomly assigned into 5 groups (n =24 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S) ; group I/R; dexmedetomidine group (group D) ; 5-HD (a specific blocker of mito-KATPchannel) group and 5-HD + dexmedetomidine group (group 5-HD + D).The rats were anesthetized with intraperitoneal chloral hydrate.Focal cerebral I/R was produced by 2 h middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by reperfusion.In group D,dexmedetomidine 50 μg/kg was injected intraperitoneally before ischemia and after onset of reperfusion.In group 5-HD,5-HD 30 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally at 1 h before ischemia.In 5-HD + D group,5-HD 30 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally at 1 h before ischemia and the other procedures were similar to those previously described in group D.Twelve rats were chosen at 24 and 48 h of reperfusion to assess the neurological deficit score (NDS).The animals were then sacrificed and brains were removed for determination of cerebral infarct size by TTC staining.Results Compared with S group,NDS and cerebral infarct size were significantly increased at each time point in the other four groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group I/R,NDS and cerebral infarct size were significantly decreased in D and 5-HD + D groups (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in 5-HD group (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group D,NDS and infarct size were significantly increased in group 5-HD + D (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Mito-KATP channels are involved in reduction of I/R-induced cerebral injury by dexmedetomidine in rats.

OBJECTIVETo explore therapeutic effects of modified femoral prosthesis applied in the initial posterior stabilized total knee arthroplasty.

METHODSFrom April 1, 2012 to January 1, 2013, 156 patients with knee osteoarthritis underwent posterior stabilized total knee arthroplasty by the same director of orthopedic surgeon. Sixty-one patients were treated with modified femoral prosthesis, including 7 males and 54 females, with an average age of (68.34 +/- 5.41) years old; and 95 patients were treated with conventional designed femoral prosthesis, including 14 males and 81 females, with an average age of (69.92 +/- 5.11) years old. Indexes including age, body mass index, Insall-Salvati index, type of prosthesis, occurrence rate of patella click syndrome, postoperative line of force of lower extremity and postoperative function of the knee joint were observed and recorded. And American Knee Society (AKS) score was used to evaluate the clinical results.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 36 to 56 weeks, with a mean of 45.31 weeks. Among patients in the conventional designed femoral prosthesis group, 7 patients had patella click syndrome, but there was no patient having patellar click syndrome in the modified femoral prosthesis group. Postoperative knee activity of patients in the modified femoral prosthesis group was (110.98 +/- 10.32) degrees, which was better than (107.05 +/- 8.61) degrees in the conventional designed femoral prosthesis group. The AKS score in the modified femoral prosthesis group was 129.79 +/- 9.63 during 21 to 28 days after operation, which was higher than 126.85 +/- 7.79 in the conventional designed femoral prosthesis group.

CONCLUSIONNew designed femoral components are effective to reduce the occurrence rate of postoperative patellar click syndrome and obtain better early functional recovery from knee surgery.

Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Femur ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Knee Joint ; surgery ; Knee Prosthesis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To obtain and anlysis the diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis(DISH) related miRNAs under 3-D adhesion for cell culture.Methods From January 2012 to January 2014,4 ossific ligamenta flava tissues were obtained from DISH patients and 4 normal ligamenta flava tissues were obtained from trauma patients surgically.Fibroblasts were separated by using collagenase technique and then cultured on human acellular amniotic membrane (HAAM).Each sample was identified by immunofluorescence before harvested.Total RNA was extracted and then quantified by microfluidics analysis.The small RNAs (＜300 nt) were isolated by using a YM-100 Microcon centrifugal filter.μParafloTM MiRNA microarray assay was performed using a service provider to identify miRNAs whose expression was significantly different between the two groups.Part of differential expression miRNAs were verified by qRT-PCR.Targets of miRNAs were obtained using PicTar 2005,miRanda v5,TargetScan 5.1,their function were analyzed by using Gene Ontology.Functional pathway analysis of miRNAs was performed using KEGG Pathway Analysis.TRANSFAC 7.0 public and Patser were used to get the distribution of transcription factor binding sites.Results When grown on HAAM,fibroblasts kept their morphology,distributed in the way of cluster,lived in multi-level of HAAM,and established linkage.Collagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ were tested positive in normal group cells.Collagen Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Osteocalcin were tested positive in DISH group cells by immunefluorescence.In total 15 miRNAs showed differential expression,12 were up-regulated and 3 were down-regulated.The result of qRT-PCR was consistent with MiRNA microarray assay.Totally 67 target genes were predicted which participated in cell differentiation,cell adhesion,mineralization et al,and had function in regulating MAPK,Wnt,TGF-β,Focal adhesion signal pathway et al.In total 10 transcription factors were predicted in differentially expressed miRNAs.Conclusion HAAM can provide fibroblasts with 3D adhesion growth,Some differentially expressed miRNAs may participate in the pathogenesis of DISH.

Objective:To summarize the drug interactions of haloperidol used in combination with the other drugs to provide refer-ence for safe, reasonable and effective use of haloperidol in clinics. Methods:By retrieving Micromedex? , Pubmed, CNKI and so on, the interactions between haloperidol and the other drugs were summarized and analyzed. Results:The effect of haloperidol was on do-pamine receptors, and haloperidol was mainly metabolized by hepatic cytochrome P450 ( CYP) enzymes. When haloperidol was com-bined with the other drugs, significant interactions of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics were induced by affecting CYP enzymes or dopamine receptor. Conclusion:In clinical practice, the other drugs combined with haloperidol should be reasonable and careful to ensure safe, effective and rational drug use.

Objective To explore ideal surgical axillary management of early breast cancer,and to determine the feasibility of reducing false negative rate of sentinel lymph node biopsy(SLNB)by combination of axillary suspicious lymph node biopsy and SLNB.Methods From Jan.2008 to Oct.2009,42 consecutive cases with early breast cancer were enrolled.All patients underwent suspicious node hook-wire location by doppler ultrasonography before operation.SLNB and suspicious lymph node biopsy were performed during operation.Complete axillary nodes dissection(ALND)or level II dissection would be conducted according to the biopsy result.The difference of node status prediction between SLNB and SLNB with axillary suspicious lymph node biopsy and was compared.Results All the 42 cases successfully underwent SLNB (100%).There were 2 false negatives occurred in SLNB,resulting in false negative rate of 11%,sensitivity of 88.9%and accuracy of 95.2%in predicting axillary nodes status.By contrast,SLNB with axillary suspicious node biopsy showed a false-negative rate of 0%,sensitivity of 100%,and accuracy of 100%.Conclusions Compared to SLNB in early breast cancer,combination of suspicious node biopsy and SLAB has a tendency of reducing false negative rate.However,Because of the limited samples,the difference has no statistical significance(P=0.2500).

OBJECTIVETo explore the dynamic change of Phlegm-stasis in the rat atherosclerotic model as the time goes on.

METHODSAdopting high fat forage fed to develop the atherosclerotic model in rats, and the changes of blood lipid, hemorrheology, blood glucose, insulin and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) actin expression were detected by biochemical and immunohistochemical assay at various time points after modeling.

RESULTSThe expression of VSMC actin gradually increased along with the change of model rats' Syndrome from Phlegm to stasis, i.e., the change of parameters, including blood lipid, hemorrheologic parameters, blood glucose, insulin and insulin sensitive indexes along with the aggravation of disease.

CONCLUSIONThe expression of VSMC actin could be the molecular mechanism for the Syndrome developing from Phlegm to stasis in atherosclerotic rats.

Actins ; biosynthesis ; Animals ; Arteriosclerosis ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Hyperlipidemias ; blood ; complications ; pathology ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Aminopyridines ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Benzamides ; therapeutic use ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Depsipeptides ; therapeutic use ; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Histone Deacetylases ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hydroxamic Acids ; therapeutic use ; Indoles ; therapeutic use ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; Sulfonamides ; therapeutic use

Objective To investigate the effects of Longdan Xiegan Decoction on the expression of Notch signaling-related genes in rats with experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU).Methods Totally 24 Lewis rats were randomly divided into normal control group,EAU model group and Longdan Xiegan Decoction treatment group.A rat model of EAU was established in the EAU model group and Longdan Xiegan Decoction treatment group,followed by intragastrical administration of Longdan Xiegan Decoction in the latter group after successful modeling.On day 12 after different treatments,the spleen and lymph nodes were isolated from rats of all the three groups for the collection of CD4 + T ceils,and the levels of both Th17 and Treg cells were analyzed by flow cytometry to calculate the ratio of Th17 to Treg cells.Meanwhile the levels of Notch1,Notch2,Notch3,Notch4 mRNAs expression were monitored by qRT-PCR.Moreover,the expressions of Notch signaling-related proteins were further detected using ELISA technique.Results Flow cytometry showed increased Th17 cell level but decreased Treg cell level in the EAU model group when compared with the normal control group.However,after treatment with Longdan Xiegan Decoction,the Th17 level was decreased,whereas the Treg level was increased,and the ratio of Th17 to Treg gradually restored to equilibrium when compared to EAU model group.qRT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of Notch1,Notch2 and Notch4 mRNAs in Longdan Xiegan Decoction treatment group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group (all P ＜ 0.01),but lower than those in EAU model group on day 12 after treatment (all P ＜ 0.01),without Notch 3 expression in the spleen and lymph nodes.In addition,Notch 1,Notch 2 and Notch 4 protein levels of the spleen and lymph nodes in Longdan Xiegan Decoction treatment group showed the similar tendency as compared to those of Notch 1,Notch 2 and Notch 4 mRNAs (all P ＜ 0.01),and the expression of Notch 3 protein was still not observed.Conclusion Longdan Xiegan Decoction can effectively relieve the imbalance of Th17/Treg cells in EAU rats,and its mechanism may involve the differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells into Th17 and Treg cells,which is regulated by Notch signaling.

Objective To investigate the regulatory roles of rno-miR-30b-5p in the expression of Atg5,Atg12 and Becn1 autophagy genes and their expressions in rats with experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU).Methods Application of dual luciferase report system was conducted to detect the regulatory roles of rno-miR-30b-5p in Atg5,Atg12 and Becn1 gene expression.Lewis rats were randomly divided into control group and EAU group,with 6 rats in each group.Next,rats in EAU group were immunized to establish EAU model.After treatments,Genesis-D fundus camera was used to observe the fundus inflammation every day.After immunization for 12 days,the pathological features of rat ciliary body and retina were detected,and meanwhile,the spleen and lymph nodes in both groups were isolated to detect the expressions of rno-miR-30b-5p,Atg5,Atg12 and Becn1 genes by quantitative PCR (Q-PCR);the levels of autophagy related proteins were determined by ELISA.Results Dual luciferase report gene expression assay confirmed that Atg5,Atg12 and Becn1 were target genes of rno-miR-30b-5p.Twelve days after immunization,compared with the control group,rats in the EAU group had severe iris adhesions and severe blood vessel swelling,and pathological examination revealed massive infiltration of inflammatory cells in the ciliary body and retina.Furthermore,rno-miR-30b-5p mRNA was 0.46 ±0.01,0.29 ±0.17in the spleen and lymph nodes in EAU group,respectively,which was down-regulated when compared with the control group (P ＜0.01);whereas the expressions of Atg5,Atg12 and Becn1 were significantly upregulated,and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).ELISA results showed that Atg5,Atg 12 and Becn 1 protein expression levels in the spleen and lymph nodes in EAU rats were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion rno-miR-30b-5p can regulate the expressions of Atg5,Atg12 and Becn1 autophagy-related genes.The down-regulation of rno-miR-30b-5p expression in the spleen and lymph nodes in EAU rats can significantly up-regulate the expressions of Atg5,Atg12 and Becn1 genes,thereby regulating the pathogenesis of uveitis.