Adult ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cervix Uteri ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Choriocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Chorionic Gonadotropin ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; GPI-Linked Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Placental Lactogen ; metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Trophoblastic Tumor, Placental Site ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Abdominal Injuries ; complications ; Adenosarcoma ; etiology ; Adult ; Cicatrix ; complications ; Endometriosis ; complications ; Female ; Humans

OBJECTIVEThis study aims to assess the effects of desensitizing toothpaste containing stannous fluoride on dentine hypersensitivity by performing Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) involving the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity with stannous fluoride-containing toothpaste.

METHODSThe study was developed based on the Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions (Version 5.1.0) and included the following: search strategy, selection criteria, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. We searched electronic databases such as CNKI, CBM, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to January 2015. RCT of treating dentine hypersensitivity with stannous fluoride-containing toothpaste were included. Data extraction and domain-based risk of bias assessment were independently performed by two reviewers. Meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.3 software.

RESULTSSix RCT with 494 patients (247 in the experimental group and 247 in the control group) were included. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the desensitizing effect of stannous fluoride-containing toothpaste was significantly better than that of control in tactile sensitivity test (SMD=1.41, 95% confidence interval 0.74-2.09, P<0.00001) and air blast test (SMD = -1.16, 95% confidence interval -1.84--0.48, P<0.000 01).

CONCLUSIONCurrent evidence shows that stannous fluoride-containing toothpaste is effective in treating dentine hypersensitivity in clinic. However, due to limited sample size and lower quality of the included studies, more high quality and large-sample RCT are needed to further verify the evidence.

Dentin Desensitizing Agents ; therapeutic use ; Dentin Sensitivity ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Sodium Fluoride ; Tin Fluorides ; therapeutic use ; Toothpastes ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

The mechanism of oxidative refolding of proteins was elucidated in more detail from the intensive and extensive studies in the past decades. 1. Most of the proteins examined so far proceed oxidative refolding via multiple pathways rather than a single and specific pathway. This is consistent with the folding energy landscape theory. 2. It is the native interactions rather than the non-native interactions that direct the folding process. This is not necessarily incompatible with the importance of the non-native disulfide intermediates in the bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) pathway, which are just a chemical necessity in the intramolecular arrangement to facilitate native disulfide formation. 3. Based on the BPTI refolding it was suggested that disulfide bonds have a stabilizing effect on the native state without determining either the folding pathway or the final three-dimensional structure of the protein. This point of view is not applicable to other proteins. Studies on the refolding of prochymosin unequivocally demonstrated that the formation of native disulfides is the prerequisite to the recovery of the native conformation. It is more likely that the interdependence between the native disulfide formation and the formation of native structure is a general rule. 4. At the early stage of oxidative refolding disulfide formation is essentially a random process, with the progress of refolding further disulfide formation is increasingly dependent on the conformations of the intermediates. Enhancing the renaturation yield of recombinant proteins is a major challenge in biotechnology. In addition to aggregation, the formation of species with mispaired disulfide bonds is a leading cause of decreased yield. Progress in understanding the mechanism of oxidative refolding has provided insight into how to solve this problem. As described above, at the later stage of refolding disulfide formation depends on the conformations of intermediates. The intermediates with native-like and flexible structure favourable for native disulfide formation and correct refolding are productive intermediates, while the unproductive intermediates tend to adopt stable conformations, which render the thiol groups and disulfide bond(s) inaccessible and further folding unfavourable energetically. Therefore, the principle to enhance the renaturation yield of disulfide-containing proteins is to cause the productive intermediates to predominate by destabilizing the unproductive intermediates. To approach this, alkaline pH, low temperature, labilizing agents, protein disulfide isomerase and its analogues and alteration of primary structure have been proved useful to adjusting the structure of the unproductive intermediates so as to facilitate thiol/disulfide interchange and in turn the native disulfide formation. The prospects for the oxidative refolding of proteins both in basic and applied researches are discussed in this review article.
Animals ; Biotechnology ; Disulfides ; chemistry ; Humans ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Protein Folding ; Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism

Abortion, Spontaneous ; diagnosis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57 ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Hydatidiform Mole ; diagnosis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; Pregnancy ; Uterine Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; metabolism

Adolescent ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Bleomycin ; therapeutic use ; Cisplatin ; therapeutic use ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dysgerminoma ; pathology ; Etoposide ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Gonadoblastoma ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; methods ; Inhibins ; metabolism ; Isoenzymes ; metabolism ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Young Adult

Aim To construct and express the eukary-otic expression vector of double-stranded RNA-depend-ent protein kinase (PKR)fusion green fluorescent and analyse its antiviral activity of HBV in vitro.Methods The PKR gene was cloned into an empty expression vector pEGFP-N1 using molecular clone technology. After being confirmed by restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing methods,the recombinant plasmid was named as pEGFP-PKR that was subsequently transfect-ed into HepG2.2.15 cells using LipofectamineTM2000. The expression level of PKR in HepG2.2.15 cells was confirmed by using fluorescent microscopy. Mean-while,HBV DNA and HBsAg/HBeAg were detected by real-time PCR and electrochemiluminescence meth-od,respectively.Results Both restriction enyme di-gestion and sequencing assays showed that the recombi-nant vector pEGFP-PKR was successfully constructed in our study.Fluorescent microscopy observation indi-cated that the fusion protein pEGFP-PKR expressed ef-ficiently in HepG2.2.15 cells.Moreover,compared with the empty vector group,the expression of HBV antigen in supernatants was significantly decreased (P<0.05 ).However,the extracellular HBV DNA ex-pression was not inhibited significantly.Conclusion In vitro,PKR proteion has certain antiviral activity of HBV.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of long-time needle retaining at Baihui (GV 20) in treating post-stroke cognitive impairment. Methods: A total of 60 eligible patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment were randomized into a treatment group and a control group by random digital table, 30 cases in each group. The control group was intervened by basic treatment including routine therapy in Neurology department and Western medicine rehabilitation therapy, while the treatment group was intervened by same treatment in the control group combined with long-time needle retaining at Baihui (GV 20). Mental state of patients was evaluated by National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) and mini-mental state examination (MMSE) after 4 weeks of treatment. Results: After 4-week treatment, the NIHSS score dropped in both groups, and intra-group comparisons showed statistical significances (both P<0.05), and the score in the treatment group was statistically lower than that in the control group (P<0.01); the MMSE score in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group, there was a statistical inter-group difference (P<0.01); the total effective rate was 93.3%, and the marked effective rate was 50.0% in the treatment group, versus 76.7% and 20.0% in the control group, there were significant differences in the total effective rate and the marked effective rate between the two groups (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Long-time needle retaining at Baihui (GV 20) can produce a safe valid therapeutic efficacy in treating post-stroke cognitive impairment.

Objective To evaluate radiofrequency ablation in anatomical hepatectomy.Methods The clinical data of 57 patients undergoing anatomical hepatectomy with radiofrequency ablation (radiofrequency ablation group) from Jul 2010 to May 2013 in Tangdu Hospital were compared with those 57 cases using traditional clamp crushing resection during the same period.Results There was no mortality perioperatively.Intraoperative duration of liver dissection,haemorrhage volume of liver dissection,blood transfusion volume,Pringle manoeuvre,postoperative alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the third and fifth day in the radiofrequency ablation group were (65 ±30) min,(195 ± 107) ml,(150 ±80) ml,7 cases (12.3％),(309 ±226) U/L and (164 ±82) U/L respectively,which were statistically different from those of (50 ±40) min,(255 ± 180) ml,(205 ± 120) ml,45 (78.9％),(388 ± 174) U/L and (220 ± 156) U/L in clamp crushing resection group (seperately t =2.266,-2.158,-2.880,x2 =51.060,t =-2.090,-2.403,all P ＜ 0.05).Large branches of hepatic vein (caliber ≥ 7 mm) were injuried by mistake 7 times in radiofrequency group,there was no massive blood loss.Postoperative biliary fistula developed in two cases.There was no ablation included thrombus.In radiofrequency group,and Pringle manoeuvre was used in hemihepatic resection in 7 patients.Conclusions Radiofrequency ablation is not recommended to dissecting large caliber vessels (≥ 7 mm) for fear of causing thrombus.Radiofrequency ablation in anatomical hepatectomy,when used properly,is safe and effective.

This article was aimed to study An-shen drug substances of semen ziziphi spinosae and the relationship between index component distribution in vivo and meridian tropism. Intragastric administration of thyroid tablet suspension at the dose of 160 mg·kg-1 was given for 13 days for the establishment of yin deficiency rat model. Elevated plus maze test (EPM) was combined with light/dark box test to evaluate the effect of semen ziziphi spinosae on anxiety behavior among yin deficiency rats. The yin deficiency anxiety model rats' eyeballs were picked for blood at 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 90, 120, 240 min after intragastric administration of semen ziziphi spinosae decoction. The rats were sacrificed for the collecting of heart, liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, stomach, brain, large intestine and small intestine and other tissues. HPLC-PDA-ELSD was combined to detect concentrations of spinosin, jujuboside A and jujuboside B in different tissues of rats. Related pharmacokinetic parameters were achieved after processing detected data with DAS 2.0 software. The results showed that compared with the yin deficiency group, semen ziziphi spinosae significantly reduced the rats' abnormal increased food-intake (P < 0.01) and water intake (P < 0.01) within 24 hours; significantly increased the body weight difference before and after treatment (P < 0.01); significantly reduced the kidney coefficient (P < 0.01) and adrenal gland coefficient (P < 0.01); significantly reduced the value of T3 (P < 0.01) and T4 (P < 0.05); significantly increased the value of TSH (P < 0.01). It showed that semen ziziphi spinosae can obviously improve yin deficiency symptoms. It significantly increased the number of open arms entering percentage (P < 0.01), the open arms holding percentage (P < 0.01), and the box through times in light/dark box test (P < 0.01). It showed obvious anti-anxiety effects. The index component distribution in vivo results showed that spinosin and jujuboside A were widely distributed in the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, stomach, brain, large intestine, small intestine and other tissues through blood circulation. Jujuboside B was distributed in the blood, stomach, large intestine and small intestine through blood circulation. The order of average concentration of spinosin among tissues was small intestine > stomach > liver > brain > large intestine > spleen > lungs > heart > kidneys. The order of AUC0-t in tissues was small intestine > stomach > liver > large intestine > spleen > brain > heart > kidneys > lungs. The order of average concentration of jujuboside A among tissues was lungs > large intestine > heart > spleen > liver > kidneys > small intestine > stomach > brain. The order of AUC0-t in tissues was lungs > spleen > liver > heart > large intestine > brain > stomach > kidneys > small intestine. The order of average concentration of jujuboside B among tissues was large intestine > small intestine > stomach. The order of AUC0-t in tissues was large intestine > small intestine > stomach. It was concluded that semen ziziphi spinosae can obviously improve yin deficiency symptoms with good anti-anxiety effects. Spinosin and jujuboside A in semen ziziphi spinosae were the drug substances of An-shen effect. They were also the material basis of sweet and sour taste. The spinosin and jujuboside A distribution in vivo of yin deficiency anxiety model rats were close to the meridian tropism of semen ziziphi spinosae.