Facing the requirements of promoting the healthy China initiative and improving people's health, the "bone health program" was proposed in 2024. In-depth development of a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) prevention and control system is of strategic significance to the implementation of the "bone health program". Focusing on osteoporosis(OP), a representative disease affecting people's bone health, this paper concludes that accelerating the research on the prevention and control of OP by TCM is conducive to enhancing the knowledge and awareness of OP among the public, and it is beneficial to revealing the evolutionary pattern of OP and improving the understanding and management of this disease. Additionally, it can provide an overall framework for and strengthen the systematicity and completeness of the research on the prevention and treatment of OP by TCM. Meanwhile, it can help to explore new research paradigms and optimize the existing research model, so as to promote innovative breakthroughs in the prevention and treatment of bone health-related diseases by TCM. Under the overall layout of the "bone health program", importance should be attached to the early prevention and the innovation of very early diagnosis and intervention of OP. Emphasis should be put on the discovery of the target network of disease and treatment mechanism for revealing the core pathogenesis of OP and the therapeutic mechanism of TCM. In addition to local lesions of the bone and its clinical outcomes, attention should be paid to the development of multiple metabolic complications. The fusion of advanced interdisciplinary technologies should be promoted for OP and its complications, and thus a research and development system based on clinical application scenarios and driven by big data can be built. The measures above will facilitate the progress in the prevention and treatment of OP and other bone diseases by TCM and provide new momentum for enriching and deepening the research connotation of the "bone health program".
Osteoporosis/therapy* ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional/methods* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; China ; Bone and Bones/drug effects*

Objective:To analyze the application value of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA)19-9 and CA242 in screening colorectal cancer with a meta-analysis.Methods:A literature search was conducted in the databases of Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP to identify studies on applying CEA, CA19-9 and CA242 for detection of colorectal cancer from the establishment of the databases to October 2023. The Quality Evaluation Tool of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) was used to evaluate the quality of the literature. Stata17.0 statistical software was used for meta-analysis. Deeks funnel plot was used to analyze publication bias.Results:A total of 34 articles of case-control studies met the criteria. Meta-analysis revealed that the diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity of CEA, CA19-9 and CA242 were all low, the area under the curve (AUC) of summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.62, 0.63 and 0.73, the sensitivity was 0.42, 0.27 and 0.36, respectively. The combined detection of CEA+CA19-9+CA242 significantly improved the pooled diagnostic accuracy (AUC: 0.92(95% CI: 0.89-0.94) and sensitivity: 0.75(95% CI: 0.65-0.83)), the specificity was mildly reduced (dropped from above 0.95 to 0.90(95% CI 0.87-0.93)). The Deek′s test indicated no publication bias. Conclusions:Combined detection of CEA+CA19-9+CA242 can significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity in screening colorectal cancer with a compromised specificity. However, due to the lack of data, whether it can meet the demand for opportunistic screening in the physical examination population needs to be confirmed.

Objective:To evaluate the value of detection of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) in opportunistic screening of liver cancer in Chinese population with a meta-analysis.Methods:Literatures on combined screening of liver cancer by AFP, CEA and CA19-9 were retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang Database, Chongqing VIP database, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library from the establishment of the databases to June 2023. The Quality Assessment Tool of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) was used to evaluate the quality of the literature. Stata 17.0 statistical software was used for meta-analysis, and Deeks funnel plot was used to analyze publication bias.Results:A total of 24 literatures met the inclusion criteria, including 1 471 patients with liver cancer and 2 150 controls. The overall sensitivity of AFP in liver cancer diagnosis (screening) was 0.71 (95% CI: 0.66-0.75), the total specificity was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.80-0.90), and the area under summary receiver operating characteristic (sROC) curve (AUC) was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.78-0.85). The total sensitivity of CEA in liver cancer diagnosis (screening) was 0.48 (95% CI: 0.40-0.56), the total specificity was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.79-0.89), and the AUC of sROC was 0.74 (95% CI: 0.70-0.77). The total sensitivity of CA19-9 in liver cancer diagnosis (screening) was 0.56 (95% CI: 0.50-0.61), the total specificity was 0.80 (95% CI: 0.73-0.85), and the AUC was 0.69 (95% CI: 0.65-0.73). AFP has the highest sensitivity and specificity among the three. The overall sensitivity of combined detection of AFP, CEA and CA19-9 for liver cancer diagnosis (screening) was increased to 0.89 (95% CI: 0.85-0.92), the overall specificity was 0.77 (95% CI: 0.70-0.82), and the AUC was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.88-0.93). No publication bias was found in either individual or combined test of the biomarkers. Conclusions:Detection of AFP alone has high sensitivity and specificity, and it is a tumor marker that can be used for the opportunistic screening of liver cancer. When combined tests of AFP, CEA and CA19-9 are used to screen liver cancer, the results should be interpreted more carefully.

Objective Viral encephalitis is an infectious disease severely affecting human health.It is caused by a wide variety of viral pathogens,including herpes viruses,flaviviruses,enteroviruses,and other viruses.The laboratory diagnosis of viral encephalitis is a worldwide challenge.Recently,high-throughput sequencing technology has provided new tools for diagnosing central nervous system infections.Thus,In this study,we established a multipathogen detection platform for viral encephalitis based on amplicon sequencing. Methods We designed nine pairs of specific polymerase chain reaction(PCR)primers for the 12 viruses by reviewing the relevant literature.The detection ability of the primers was verified by software simulation and the detection of known positive samples.Amplicon sequencing was used to validate the samples,and consistency was compared with Sanger sequencing. Results The results showed that the target sequences of various pathogens were obtained at a coverage depth level greater than 20×,and the sequence lengths were consistent with the sizes of the predicted amplicons.The sequences were verified using the National Center for Biotechnology Information BLAST,and all results were consistent with the results of Sanger sequencing. Conclusion Amplicon-based high-throughput sequencing technology is feasible as a supplementary method for the pathogenic detection of viral encephalitis.It is also a useful tool for the high-volume screening of clinical samples.

Objective Genotypes(G)1,3,and 5 of the Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)have been isolated in China,but the dominant genotype circulating in Chinese coastal areas remains unknown.We searched for G5 JEV-infected cases and attempted to elucidate which JEV genotype was most closely related to human Japanese encephalitis(JE)in the coastal provinces of China. Methods In this study,we collected serum specimens from patients with JE in three coastal provinces of China(Guangdong,Zhejiang,and Shandong)from 2018 to 2020 and conducted JEV cross-neutralization tests against G1,G3,and G5. Results Acute serum specimens from clinically reported JE cases were obtained for laboratory confirmation from hospitals in Shandong(92 patients),Zhejiang(192 patients),and Guangdong(77 patients),China,from 2018 to 2020.Seventy of the 361 serum specimens were laboratory-confirmed to be infected with JEV.Two cases were confirmed to be infected with G1 JEV,32 with G3 JEV,and two with G5 JEV. Conclusion G3 was the primary infection genotype among JE cases with a definite infection genotype,and the infection caused by G5 JEV was confirmed serologically in China.

Objective To investigate the influence of changes in blood flow parameters on pulse rate characteristics by taking the advantage of controllable parameters in an experimental cardiopulmonary bypass system.Methods A set of human circulatory system equipped with an in vitro wrist model was established.By changing parameters such as the heart rate,wrist flow,pressure,and system compliance,a photoplethysmography pulse wave signal was obtained from the wrist model,and the time-and frequency-domain indices of pulse rate variability were extracted.Results Changes in heart rate,pressure,and system compliance caused a change in pulse shape,but the time domain indices NN50 and PNN50,which indicate pulse rate variability,were zero,and the other indices and frequency domain indices were in the very low value category.Conclusions In the absence of heart rate variability,hemodynamic changes in heart rate,wrist flow,blood pressure,and system compliance did not produce significant pulse rate variability.This study can provide a reference for studies on pulse rate variability and heart rate using more convenient wrist acquisition equipment.

Aim To establish a quantitative immunofluorescent bioactivity assay(ICW)for insulin glargine based on CHO-IN-SRB 1284 transgenic cells,and to study its equivalence with in-sulin bioassay of Ch.P.Methods The cells were diluted 25 times with 1.5 × 108 L-1 cell density plates and 1 500 μmol·L-1 insulin glargine,and then diluted with a 3-fold gradient se-ries.The cells were stimulated in microporous plates for 20 min.After fixation,permeation and antibody incubation.Quantitative immunofluorescence biological activity was detected by odyssey two-color infrared fluorescence imaging system.Results There was a good dose-effect relationship between the concentration of insulin glargine in ICW and its relative potency.The method had good specificity,and the relative accuracy,intermediate preci-sion and linearity met the requirements.The relative deviation of biological activity results of 7 batches of insulin glargine samples measured by the two methods was less than 10％.The results were analyzed by SPSS and SAS software,which showed that the methods were correlated and equivalent.Conclusions The quantitative immunofluorescence assay for the biological activity of insulin glargine can be established.The method has good spe-cificity,high accuracy and precision,and has correlation and e-quivalent with biotiter assay,which can be applied to in vitro ef-ficacy evaluation and quality control of insulin glargine.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

AIM: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of P2Y2 agonist diquafosol sodium(DQS)eye drops in the treatment of diabetic dry eye.METHODS: A total of 80 patients(160 eyes)with diabetic dry eye who admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to March 2022 were selected. They were randomly divided into study group and control group. A total of 40 patients(80 eyes)in the study group were treated with 3% DQS eye drops and 40 patients(80 eyes)in the control group were treated with 0.3% sodium hyaluronate eye drops. The ocular surface disease index(OSDI)score, non-invasive tear meniscus height(NITMH), first non-invasive tear film break-up time(NIBUTf), average non-invasive tear film break-up time(NIBUTav), tarsal gland loss score, lipid layer thickness grade and bulbar redness analysis(including conjunctival grade and ciliary grade), were examined before treatment and at 1wk, 1 and 3mo after treatment, respectively. Furthermore, corneal fluorescence staining and conjunctival lissamine green staining were analyzed based on the ocular surface staining score(OSS), and the conjunctival impression cytology and confocal microscopy were evaluated before and 3mo after treatment, respectively.RESULTS: There were no differences in OSDI score, tarsal gland loss score, conjunctival grade score and ciliary grade score between the two groups before and after treatment(P>0.05). OSS scores in the study group were lower than those in the control group, while NITMH, NIBUTf and NIBUTav were higher than those in the control group at 1 and 3mo after treatment(P<0.05). After 3mo of treatment, the density of conjunctival goblet cells increased and corneal dendritic cells decreased in the study group compared with the baseline(all P<0.05), while there were no significant changes in the control group compared with the baseline(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION: 3% DQS eye drops were effective in treating diabetic dry eye without serious complications.

【Objective】 To explore the correlation between CSAG1 expression and the prognosis and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in renal clear cell carcinoma (RCCC), and to predict the survival and tumor progression. 【Methods】 The gene expression profiles and clinical information of CSAG1 were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Based on the differential mRNA expression, GO annotation and KEGG pathway analysis were performed. The relationship between CSAG1 and tumor immune infiltration was assessed with Tumor Immunoassay Resource (Timer 2.0) database. The mRNA expression of CSAG1 in human RCCC specimens was validated with qRT-PCR. 【Results】 CSAG1 expression was significantly higher in RCCC tissues than in normal tissues (P<0.05). The qRT-PCR results revealed that the mRNA level of CSAG1 was consistent with that predicted by bioinformatic analysis. The KEGG analysis and GO annotation indicated high GSAG1 expression in RCCC was related to transmembrane transport, tricarboxylic acid cycle and lysosome. CSAG1 expression was positively related to the infiltration of pDC, aDC, CD8⁺ T cells, cytotoxic cells, TFH, TH1 cells, Tem, NK CD56^dm cells, Treg and T cells, but negatively correlated with macrophage infiltration. 【Conclusion】 CSAG1 may be associated with poor prognosis of RCCC and become a potential immunotherapy target.