OBJECTIVE: To explore the changes and rules of biochemical markers in serum of guinea pigs after death caused by hypothermia and to provide references for fatal hypothermia diagnosis by serum biochemical markers. METHODS: Twenty guinea pigs were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The guinea pigs in the experimental group were kept at -30 °C until death, while the ones in control group were decapitated after same survival intervals at 25 °C. The serum was extracted from the whole blood of right ventricular immediately. Subsequently, a series of serum biochemical markers were analyzed by auto bio-chemical analyzer. RESULTS: The levels of glucose, uric acid, creatinine and urea nitrogen in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group, respectively (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the levels of total protein and albumin were significantly lower in the experimental group (P<0.05). There were no significantly differences of the levels of other markers such as serum enzymes and ions observed between the two groups. CONCLUSION There are characteristic changes of some specific serum biochemical markers in fatal hypothermia, which may be potentially useful for auxiliary diagnosis of fatal hypothermia.
Animals ; Biomarkers/blood* ; Cause of Death ; Guinea Pigs ; Hypothermia

Objective:To explore the curative effect of laparoscopic surgery for hepatic cysticercosis.Methods:Search the literature from February 2010 to February 2020 on literature platforms such as Wanfang Data, VIP, CNKI, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, etc. the key words were "肝囊型包虫病" , "细粒棘球蚴" , "手术" , "开腹手术" , "腹腔镜" , "微创手术" , " echinococcosis " , " liver or hepatic " , " laparoscopic or minimal invasive " . Data on intraoperative indicators (e.g., operation time, bleeding volume), postoperative complications, hospital stay, recurrence rate, etc. in the literature included in the study were extracted and meta-analyzed.Results:A total of 9 articles were included, including 2 prospective studies and 7 retrospective case-control studies. A total of 1031 patients were enrolled, including 272 in the laparoscopic group and 759 in the laparotomy group. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the total postoperative complication rate in the laparoscopic group was lower than that in the laparotomy group ( OR=1.64, 95% CI: 1.10-2.45, P<0.05). Incision-related complications in the laparoscopy group and laparotomy group the difference was statistically significant ( OR=2.81, 95% CI: 1.03-7.70, P<0.05), and the hospital stay in the laparoscopic group was shorter ( SMD=1.21, 95% CI: 0.47-1.96, P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in operation time, postoperative bile leakage, residual cavity infection and effusion, and postoperative recurrence rate ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Under the premise of strictly grasping the indication of laparoscopic surgery, the incidence of complications after laparoscopic surgery is low, the hospitalization time is short.

Objective To determine factors affecting postoperative survival of elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods A retrospective analysis of consecutive 54 elderly patients undergoing hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma from Jan 1995 to Dec 2002 was performed. The data were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression. Results Univariate analysis and Cox regression showed Child Pugh grading, vessel invasion, satellite nodule formation, Edmondson Steiner grading, intrahepatic recurrence and distant metastasis all related to postoperative overall survival or disease-free survival of the elderly with hepatocellular carcinoma (all P

The combination use of dexamethasone and calcium gluconate can be applied to hypersensitivity. Severe hypokalemia is a usual complication of dexamethasone and calcium gluconate therapy, which occurs frequently with therapeutic use. Fatal cases, accidental and intentional, occur frequently in forensic practice. The current case report presented a 43-year-old man with diabetes mellitus with infection, to whom dexamethasone and calcium gluconate were administered in the private clinic. With the development of such clinical symptoms of severe hypokalemia as quadriplegia, he was confirmed to have severe hypokalemia through a biochemical test before dying of arrhythmia. And also it presented pathophysiologic mechanism underlying severe hypokalemia as well as suggestions for clinical practice regarding combination use of dexamethasone and calcium gluconate.
Adult ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/adverse effects* ; Calcium Gluconate/adverse effects* ; Dexamethasone/adverse effects* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Fatal Outcome ; Humans ; Hypokalemia/chemically induced* ; Male

Postmortem chemistry is becoming more and more essential in routine forensic pathology and has made considerable progress over the past years. Biochemical analyses of vitreous humor, blood, urine and cerebrospinal fluid may provide important information in determining the cause of death or in elucidating forensic issues. Postmortem chemistry may be essential for the determination of cause of death when morphological methods (diabetes mellitus, alcoholic ketoacidosis and electrolytic disorders) cannot detect the pathophysiological changes involved in the death process. It can also provide many information in other forensic situations, including myocardial ischemia, sepsis, inflammation, infection, anaphylaxis and hormonal disturbances. The most recent relevant research advances on glucose metabolism, liver function, cardiac function, renal function, sepsis, inflammation, infection, anaphylaxis and hormonal aspect are hereby reviewed.
Anaphylaxis ; Autopsy/trends* ; Biomarkers/analysis* ; Body Fluids/chemistry* ; Death ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Forensic Pathology/methods* ; Humans ; Postmortem Changes ; Sepsis ; Vitreous Body

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical efficacy and reliability of citalopram in the treatment of premature ejaculation.

METHODSWe included in this study 80 patients who came to our andrological clinic for premature ejaculation from May 2011 to May 2012, and randomly assigned them to a treatment and a control group of equal number to receive citalopram (20 mg/d) and placebo, respectively. We recorded the intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT) and sexual intercourse satisfaction scores before and at 2 and 4 weeks after treatment, and compared them between the two groups.

RESULTSIn the treatment group, IELT was significantly longer at 2 and 4 weeks than before treatment ([5.64 +/- 1.31] and [7.12 +/- 1.56] min vs [0.91 +/- 0.18] min, P < 0.01), so was it at 4 than at 2 weeks (P < 0.01), and the sexual intercourse satisfaction scores were remarkably higher at 2 and 4 weeks than before treatment (6.1 +/- 1.3 and 6.3 +/- 1.1 vs 2.5 +/- 0.8, P < 0.01), but with no significant difference between 2 and 4 weeks (P > 0.05). The control group showed no significant differences in the mean IELT and sexual intercourse satisfaction scores between pre- and posttreatment ([1.01 +/- 0.21] vs [0.95 +/- 0.17 min; 3.1 +/- 1.3 vs 3.0 +/- 1.1, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONOral medication of citalopram at 20 mg/d can significantly prolong IELT and improve sexual intercourse satisfaction in patients with premature ejaculation.

Adult ; Citalopram ; therapeutic use ; Coitus ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Satisfaction ; Premature Ejaculation ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore whether angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] protects cardiac myocytes against high glucose (HG)-induced injury by inhibiting ClC-3 chloride channels.

METHODH9c2 cardiac cells were exposed to 35 mmol/L glucose for 24 h to establish a cell injury model. The cells were treated with Ang-(1-7) or the inhibitor of chloride channel (NPPB) in the presence of HG for 24 h to observe the changes in HG-induced cell injury. Cell counter kit 8 (CCK-8) assay was used to test the cell viability, and the morphological changes of the apoptotic cells were detected using Hoechst 33258 staining and fluorescent microscopy. The intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was examined by DCFH-DA staining, SOD activity in the culture medium was measured using commercial kits, and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) of the cells was tested with rodamine 123 staining. The expression level of cardiac ClC-3 chloride channels was detected with Western blotting.

RESULTSExposure of H9c2 cardiac cells to 35 mmol/L glucose for 24 h markedly enhanced the expressions of cardiac ClC-3 channel protein (P<0.01). Co-treatment of the cells with 1 µmol/L Ang-(1-7) and HG for 24 h significantly attenuated HG- induced upregulation of ClC-3 channel protein expression (P<0.01). Co-treatment of the cells exposed to HG with 1 µmol/L Ang-(1-7) or 100 µmol/L NPPB for 24 h obviously ameliorated HG-induced injuries as shown by increased cell viability, enhanced SOD activity, decreased number of apoptotic cells, and reduced intracellular ROS generation and loss of MMP (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONClC-3 channels are involved in HG-induced injury in cardiac cells. Ang-(1-7) protects cardiac cells against HG-induced injury by inhibiting ClC-3 channels.

OBJECTIVETo study the feasibility and validity of multi-modal serial therapy for primary liver cancer in senile patients.

METHODS153 senile primary liver cancer patients (>or= 60 years) were given multi-modal serial therapy from June 1993 to December 2000. Hepatectomy was performed in 37, deep cryosurgery in 32 and non-operative therapy in 84 (intervention as chief therapy in 81, combined local and intervention therapy in 3). The multi-course intervention therapy was given postoperatively in hepatectomy and cryosurgery groups, while bioimmunotherapy and traditional Chinese medicine were used in all groups.

RESULTSThe 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates in the hepatectomy group were 78.4%, 46.4% and 35.7%, without operative mortality. The 1- and 3- and 5-year year survival rates in the cryosurgery group were 64.5%, 40.9% and 25.0% with mortality of 3.1%. Among patients with non-operative therapy, the 1- and 3- and 5-year year survival rates in intervention group were 47.5%, 23.5% and 4.3%. The operative mortality was 1.2%. The 3 patients who received combined local and intervention therapy have survived for 2.5, 3.8 and 7.1 years.

CONCLUSIONMulti-modal serial therapy with surgical treatment as the chief means, being precise in the effect and good in safety, is feasible and valid for primary liver cancer in senile patients.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; therapy ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Cryosurgery ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Infusions, Intra-Arterial ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Survival Rate

The aim of this study is to investigate the epidemic condition of water-related diseases in the eastern route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP).All data were extracted from published literatures in Chinese about water-related diseases in the eastern route of SNWDP.Pooled analysis was used to explore geographical distribution and epidemiology of the disease.A total of 325 articles about water-related diseases were retrieved during 1953 to 2013,and 209 articles were included in this study.Pooling analysis showed that Shandong Province had the largest number of cases for water-related diseases,following by Jiangsu,Hebei,Tianjin,and Anhui.The numbers of cases were relative small before 1960s according to epidemic curve,and the curve peaked in the 1970s,and decreased after the 1980s.A total of 1 383 834 cases of bacillary dysentery was reported,accounting for 84％ of all water-related diseases on these regions of SNWDP,and followed by hepatitis A,hepatitis E,Japanese encephalitis,typhoid and paratyphoid fever and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.Other reported diseases displayed scatter condition and a small numbers of cases.The prevalence of water-related diseases is sporadic and a trend of decline along the regions of the eastern route of SNWDP.

Objective To assess the safety and feasibility of ambulatory laparoscopic appendectomy (ALA) with the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS).Methods The clinical data of patients with appendicitis undergoing surgical treatment in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from August 2017 to August 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.Among 196 patients,100 cases received ambulatory laparoscopic appendectomy with ERAS (ERAS group) and 96 cases received conventional laparoscopic appendectomy (control group).The average length of hospital stay,hospitalization expenses,NRS pain score at 6 h,12 h,24 h after surgery,patient satisfaction,time of postoperative off-bed activity,time of gastrointestinal function recovery,and postoperative complications were compared between two groups.Results There were significant differences in average length of hospital stay [(36.5± 1.3) h vs.(74.5±4.4) h,t=80.986),hospitalization expenses[(9 617.5±637.5) Yuan vs.(13 740.1±640.6) Yuan,t=45.150],6 h NRS pain score[(3.4± 1.4) vs.(4.1±1.3),t=3.360],12 h NRS pain score(2.0±1.3 vs.2.5±1.1,t=-2.929),time of postoperative off-bed activity[(5.7 ± 0.9) h vs.(11.5 ± 2.0) h,t=26.237],time of gastrointestinal function recovery(6.8± 1.1) h vs.(12.2±2.3) h,t=20.341]and patient satisfaction [(95.6±3.0) vs.(90.5±4.9),t=-8.644]between ERAS group and control group (all P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the NRS pain score at 24 h(1.0±0.7 vs.1.0±0.8,t=0.287)and postoperative complications (x2=0.025)between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion The ambulatory laparoscopic appendectomy with enhanced recovery after surgery is safe and feasible,with the advantages of low hospitalization cost,short hospitalization time,and high patient satisfaction.