Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cyclophosphamide ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hemoperfusion ; Humans ; Male ; Methylprednisolone ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; Renal Dialysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and toxicities of radical intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) combined with reduction in dose of prophylactic irradiation in the treatment of stage Ⅲ small cell lung cancer (SCLC).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 40 patients with stage Ⅲ SCLC who were admitted from January 2010 to August 2012.The prescribed dose was 60 Gy in 30 fractions to the primary gross tumor volume and was 54 Gy in 30 fractions to the planning target volume.All patients received induction chemotherapy,31 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy,and 22 patients received concurrent chemoradiotherapy;the platinum-based chemotherapy combined with etoposide or teniposide was adopted.Prophylactic cranial irradiation (25 Gy in 10 fractions) was administered to 17 patients.The short-term tumor response was evaluated by RECIST 1.0,and radiation-related toxicities were assessed by CTCAE 4.0.Overall survival (OS),local recurrence-free survival (LRFS),and progression-free survival (PFS) were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method.Results The short-term tumor response rate was 98％.The follow-up rate was 100％.Twenty-two patients were followed up for at least 2 years.The 1-and 2-year OS rates were 84％ and 48％,respectively; the LRFS rates were 89％ and 85％,respectively; the PFS rates were 61％ and 41％,respectively.Grade 0-1 radiation-related pneumonia was observed in 65％(26/40) of all patients,grade 2 in 25％ (10/40),grade 3 in 5％ (2/40),and grade 5 in 5％ (2/40).Grade 0-1 radiation-related esophagitis was observed in 53％ (21/40) of all patients,grade 2 in 43％ (17/40),and grade 3 in 5 ％ (2/40).Conclusions Preliminary results from this study suggested that IMRT combined with reduction in dose of prophylactic irradiation is safe and effective in patients with stage Ⅲ SCLC and is worth further evaluation in a large,prospective,randomized study.

Objective To quantify the incidental irradiation dose (ⅡD) to lymph node stations of esophagus when treating patients with T1-4N0 M0 thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) with a dose of 60 Gy/30f.Methods Twenty-nine patients with medically inoperable T1-4N0M0 thoracic ESCC were treated with three-dimensional radiotherapy on involved-field.The conformal CTV was re-created using a 3 cm margin in the proximal and distal direction (following the course of the esophagus) beyond the barium esophagogram,endoscopic examination and CT defined GTV and a 0.5 cm margin in the lateral and anteroposterior directions of the CT defined GTV.The PTV encompassed 1 cm proximal and distal margins,0.5 cm radiaI margin on the basis of CTV.Cervical,mediastinal and abdominal lymph nodes were delineated respectively.Equivalent uniform dose (EUD) and other dosimetric paraneters were calculated for each nodal station.Nodal region whose metastasis rate is greater than 5％ was considered a high risk lymph node subgroups.Results Under a 60 Gy dose prescription,the median Dmean and EUD,V40 and V50 were ≥40 Gy,≥85％ and ≥75％ in most of the high risk nodal regions.For the subgroups whose EUD were less than 40 Gy,most of the ⅡD of these regions was significantly associated with the length and location of esophageal tumor (r =0.892,P =0.000).Conclusions Lymph node stations nearby of ESCC received considerable ⅡD with involved-field irradiation which could control subclinical lesions.But more clinical studies should be needed.

Clinical Medicine ; methods ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Holistic Health ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; methods ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

Candida shehatae xyl1 gene and Pichia stipitis xyl2 gene were amplified by PCR and the xyl1 and xyl2 were both placed under the promoter GAL of vector pYES2 to produce the recombinant expression vector pYES2-P12. Subsequently the pYES2-P12 vector was transformed into S. cerevisiae YS58 by LiAc to produce the recombinant yeast YSS8-12. It was indicate that the recombinant yeast YSS8-12 could converse xylose to ethanol with the xylose consumption rate of 81. 3%.

Objective: To observe morphological changes of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the early stage of mice renal interstitial fibrosis. Methods: Renal interstitial fibrosis was induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO) in mice. Histological and immunohistochemical methods were used to analyze pathological changes and α-SMA expression in renal tissue.Argentum hexamethylenamine staining and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe changes of the renal tubule basement membrane. Gelatin zymographic analysis was used to observe the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 in renal tissue.Results:The mice suffered from renal interstitial fibrosis were identified by histological analysis and α-SMA positive cells in renal tissue. Argentum hexamethylenamine staining and transmission electron-microscopy showed that the renal tubule basement membrane disrupted locally and renal tubule epithelial cells invaded into the renal interstitium in the early stage of renal interstitial fibrosis. Gelatin zymographic analysis showed that the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 was increased transitorily in the early stage of renal interstitial fibrosis. Conclusion: Renal tubule basement membrane disruption, renal tubule epithelial cells invasion into the renal interstitium, and the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 are involved in the development of renal interstitial fibrosis.

Pure culture of Phlebopus portentosus was inoculated in the roots of coffee tree. The results indi-cated that the young fruit bodies would come out around the rhizomes of host tree after inoculation in 30 to 90 days, single or cluster, 3 to 4 days for mature, weight 20.0 g to 62.0 g. Brown rhizomorph and hyphae can be seen on the seedlings`rhizome, main root and side root while nothing is on the tip of the root.It was found that rhizomorph on the surface of roots would die after inoculation in 90 days in pot.

AIMTo observe the effect of mesenteric lymph duct ligation on free radical and inflammatory mediator of myocardium with severe hemorrhagic shock in rats at different period, and explore the effect of intestinal lymphatic pathway on myocardium injury pathogenesis in shock rats.

METHODS78 male Wistar rats were divided into the sham group, shock group and ligation group. The model of serious hemorrhagic shock was established in shock group, ligation group, and mesenteric lymph was blocked by ligating mesenteric lymph duct in ligation group after resuscitate. All rats were executed and taken out heart making for homogenate of 10 percent to determine the MDA, SOD, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), myeloperoxidase (MPO), NO and NOS at after shock 90 min, after transfusion and resuscitate 0 h, 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h etc. different times, and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA in myocardium was detected by RT-PCR.

RESULTSThe contents of MDA, TNFalpha, IL-6, MPO, NO, NOS and iNOS expression in myocardium of shock group were rising after transfusion and resuscitate, and that was higher level at 3 h to 12 h, and that was significantly higher than sham group, the activity of SOD was significantly lower than sham group. The contents of MDA, TNFalpha, IL-6, MPO, NO, NOS and iNOS expression in myocardium of ligation group were significantly lower than that of shock group at sameness points, and the SOD activity was higher.

CONCLUSIONThe mesenteric lymph duct ligation and blocking mesenteric lymph could reduce the PMN detaining, decrease the discharging of TNFa and IL-6, reduce the NO and expression of iNOS mRNA, and reduce the releasing of free radical and consuming of SOD.

Animals ; Free Radicals ; metabolism ; Inflammation Mediators ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Lymphatic Vessels ; metabolism ; Male ; Mesentery ; metabolism ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neutrophils ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; metabolism ; Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Migration of adventitial fibroblasts (AF) is involved in the neointimal formation which is one of the common pathological processes in several vascular diseases. The observation of whether the migratory response of AF from hypertensive animal is different from that of controls may provide an explanation of vascular remodeling in hypertension. We examined whether there is any difference between the migratory activity of AF derived from spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and that from their normotensive counterpart Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). In addition, the role of osteopontin (OPN) in cell migration was also examined. Primary cultures of aortic adventitial fibroblasts were derived from SHR and age-matched WKY. Migration of fibroblasts was determined with the Transwell method. The mRNA expression level of OPN was measured by a real-time quantitative PCR. When compared with WKY-derived cells, migration of adventitial fibroblasts from SHR exhibited an increased response when stimulated by 10% serum (cell number per field 35.20+/-5.26 vs 22.2+/-3.27, p<0.05). Chemotaxis induced by 10 ng/ml bFGF showed a similar difference (cell number per field 30.23+/-4.54 vs 19.20+/-4.47, p<0.05). We also found that SHR-derived fibroblasts expressed a higher level of OPN mRNA than the cells from WKY (1863.23+/-43.91 vs 326.24+/-68.29, p<0.01). To verify if OPN is associated with the enhanced migratory ability in AF from SHR, we designed the antisense oligonucleotide of OPN. The results showed that the antisense OPN oligonucleotide significantly inhibited AF migration (cell number per field 38.60+/-5.98 vs 26.61+/-3.84, p<0.05), while sense and mismatch OPN oligonucleotide had no effect on cell migration. Therefore, the migration of adventitial fibroblasts appeared to be enhanced in cultures derived from SHR. OPN might be involved in the difference observed.
Animals ; Aorta ; cytology ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; Hypertension ; physiopathology ; Male ; Osteopontin ; Phosphoproteins ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Rats, Inbred WKY ; Sialoglycoproteins ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the possible influence of HBV and its antigens on the expressions of JAK-STAT signal transduction pathway molecules and the antiviral proteins of IFN alpha.

METHODSThe HepG2 cells were transfected with pSM2, pHBS2-S and pHBc-EGFP plasmids which express HBV whole particles or S-antigen, Pre-S antigen and core antigens. The infectious supernatant from HepG2.2.15 cells and the pured HBV proteins which contained the S, Pre-S antigens were used to treat the HepG2 cells. Northern blot and RT-PCR were applied to analyse the expressions of the antiviral proteins MxA, 2' -5' OAS, 9-27 and the JAK-STAT signal transduction pathway molecules STAT1 in HepG2 cells responded to the IFN alpha treatment.

RESULTSThe HepG2 cells transfected with pSM2, pHBS2-S and pHBc-EGFP plasmids could express whole HBV particles and HBsAg, Pre-S antigen and HBcAg. The quantitation of expressed HBV particles and antigens increased significantly during the course of transfection. Northern blot hybridization analysis indicated that the HepG2 cells expressed IFN alpha antiviral proteins MxA, 2' -5' OAS and 9-27. When transfected with pHBV-dimer, pHBS2-S, pHBc-EGFP plasmids, the IFN/A antiviral proteins MxA, 2' -5' OAS and 9-27 in transfected cells were reduced greatly as compared to the un-transfected HepG2 cells, and the expressed antiviral proteins decreased sharply with the development of transfection time. Furthermore, the expression of IFN alpha JAK-STAT signal transduction pathway molecule STAT1 was also inhibited with the expression of HBV particles and HBV antigens in transfected HepG2 cells.

CONCLUSIONSThe HBV and its antigens influence the expressions of IFN alpha JAK-STAT signal transduction pathway molecules and antiviral proteins in the hepatocellular models in vitro. It is indicated that HBV might possess the activity to antagonise or counteract the IFN alpha antiviral action.

2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase ; metabolism ; GTP-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Hep G2 Cells ; Hepatitis B Antigens ; immunology ; Hepatitis B virus ; immunology ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; metabolism ; Myxovirus Resistance Proteins ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; STAT1 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transfection