OBJECTIVE: To identify possible risk factors for cerebral palsy (CP) in children. METHODS: A Population-based survey was conducted (including 92 CP cases) in 66 townships of 15 cities of Zhejiang Province from October to November, 1998. 184 of matched controls were selected for comparison. RESULTS: Factors identified which were statistically significant for risk of subsequent childhood Cerebral Palsy included some neonatal diseases, some maternal diseases, low birth weight (<2500 g), maternal irregular menstruation, toxic, substances during pregnancy, malnutrition during pregnancy,and paternal age. CONCLUSION: Several risk factors for Cerebral Palsy were identified. Their prevention may result in redduction of the incidence of Cerebral Palsy.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the factors that affect oculomotor nerve function recovery time in patients receiving balloon embolization for oculomotor nerve palsy caused by traumatic carotid cavernous sinus fistula.

METHODSThe clinical data were collected from 87 patients undergoing balloon embolization for oculomotor nerve palsy due to traumatic carotid cavernous sinus fistula from July 2005 to July 2013 and the factors affecting oculomotor nerve function recovery time was analyzed using a self-made questionnaire.

RESULTS AND CONLUSIONOculomotor nerve function recovery time ranged from 1 to 6 months (mean 33.32 ± 16.76 days) in these patients. Age, severity of preoperative oculomotor nerve paralysis, injury-to-treatment time, and number of balloon used were positively correlated with nerve function recovery time, and the flow volume of traumatic carotid cavernous sinus fistula was negatively correlated with the recovery time.

Balloon Occlusion ; Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula ; Humans ; Oculomotor Nerve ; physiopathology ; Oculomotor Nerve Diseases ; physiopathology ; Recovery of Function

Critical Illness ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male

To investigate the crucial role of particle size in the biological effects of nanoparticles, a series of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were prepared with particle size gradients (50, 100, 150, 200 nm) with the traditional Stober method and adjusting the type and ratio of the silica source. The correlation between toxicity and size-caused biological effects were then further examined both in vitro and in vivo. The results indicated that the prepared MSNs had a uniform size, good dispersal, and ordered mesoporous structure. Hemolytic toxicity was found to be independent of particle size. At the cellular level, MSNs with smaller particle sizes were more readily internalized by cells, which initiated to more intense oxidative stress, therefor inducing higher cytotoxicity, and apoptosis rate. In vivo studies demonstrated that MSNs primarily accumulated in the liver and kidneys of mice. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that larger MSNs were eliminated more efficiently by the urinary system than smaller MSNs. The mice's body weight monitoring, blood tests, and pathological sections of major organs indicated good biocompatibility for MSNs of different sizes. Animal welfare and the animal experimental protocols were strictly consistent with related ethics regulations of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University. Overall, this study prepared MSNs with a particle size gradient to investigate the correlation between toxicity and particle size using macrophages and endothelial cells. The study also examined the biosafety of MSNs with different particle sizes in vivo and in vitro, which could help to improve the safety design strategy of MSNs for drug delivery systems.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and reliability of genioglossus advancement and hyoid suspension with non-trephine technic (GAHM) and uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) for surgical obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome treatmen. Methods Twenty-six patients (4 female and 22 male) were classified as moderate and severe cases in terms of apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and Friedman classification in the present study. All cases patients underwent genioglossus advancement and hyoid suspension with non-trephine technic Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty UPPP. Pre- and postoperative polysomnography and Epworth sleepiness scale were performed to assess the therapeutic outcomes. Results The whole operation time ranged from 120-180 minutes. The average amount of bleeding in genioglossus advancement was about 50-100 ml. There were no severe complications during and after the operation. All the cases were followed up to one year. After surgery, AHI was decreased in both group eases, (42.9±6.6 vs 16.2±5.7) in the severe group, and 21.3±4. 4 vs 11.3±5.2 (x±s) in the moderate group. With success defined as AHI decreased by more than 50 per cent after swgery, the total success rate in moderate and severe group was 83.3% and 91.7%, respectively (P<0.01). Furthermore, the success rate of the moderate group was higher than those of the severe group (P<0.01). Conclusion GAHM combined with UPPP may be beneficial for the moderate and severe OSAHS patients with oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal obstruction.

Objective To analyze the factors that affect oculomotor nerve function recovery time in patients receiving balloon embolization for oculomotor nerve palsy caused by traumatic carotid cavernous sinus fistula. Methods The clinical data were collected from 87 patients undergoing balloon embolization for oculomotor nerve palsy due to traumatic carotid cavernous sinus fistula from July 2005 to July 2013 and the factors affecting oculomotor nerve function recovery time was analyzed using a self-made questionnaire. Results and Conclusion Oculomotor nerve function recovery time ranged from 1 to 6 months (mean 33.32 ± 16.76 days) in these patients. Age, severity of preoperative oculomotor nerve paralysis, injury-to-treatment time, and number of balloon used were positively correlated with nerve function recovery time, and the flow volume of traumatic carotid cavernous sinus fistula was negatively correlated with the recovery time.

Objective To analyze the factors that affect oculomotor nerve function recovery time in patients receiving balloon embolization for oculomotor nerve palsy caused by traumatic carotid cavernous sinus fistula. Methods The clinical data were collected from 87 patients undergoing balloon embolization for oculomotor nerve palsy due to traumatic carotid cavernous sinus fistula from July 2005 to July 2013 and the factors affecting oculomotor nerve function recovery time was analyzed using a self-made questionnaire. Results and Conclusion Oculomotor nerve function recovery time ranged from 1 to 6 months (mean 33.32 ± 16.76 days) in these patients. Age, severity of preoperative oculomotor nerve paralysis, injury-to-treatment time, and number of balloon used were positively correlated with nerve function recovery time, and the flow volume of traumatic carotid cavernous sinus fistula was negatively correlated with the recovery time.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the toxicity and safety of FOLFOX regimen concurrent with radiotherapy in neoadjuvant setting in patients with low rectal cancer.

METHODSFifty-six patients with stage T(3-4)N(0)M(0) and T(1-4)N(1-2)M(0) were eligible from Aug. 2004 to Jul. 2007. Upon entry the study, they received 4 cycles of chemotherapy with FOLFOX regimen. Radiotherapy was added from the second cycle of chemotherapy (CT). The total dose of radiotherapy (RT) was 46 Gy (2 Gy x 23). Total mesorectal excision (TME) was performed 4-8 weeks after RT.

RESULTSAmong them, 54 cases received 4 cycles of CT, 1 patient stopped CT after the second cycle of CT because of unrecovery from neutropenia. One patient stopped chemoradiotherapy(CRT) because of complicating with active pulmonary tuberculosis after 2 cycles of CT and 10 times of RT. Two occurred liver, lung and bone metastases after CT. Totally 220 cycles of CT were administrated. Fifty-two patients received operation after CRT, 50 with anal interior sphincter reservation, 19 with prophylactic ileac stoma. Anastomotic leakage occurred in 2 patients after operation, and rectal vaginal fistula in 2 patients 1 month after operation. According to the pathologic results, 7 patients achieved complete response, 41 partial response, 4 stable disease, and the objective response rate was 85.7%.

CONCLUSIONConcomitant treatment of FOLFOX regimen and RT in neoadjuvant setting of rectal cancer was safe and tolerable, and it suggests that protective ileostomy for anastomotic leakage following anus-preserving operation should be performed.

Adult ; Aged ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; Formyltetrahydrofolates ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; methods ; Neoplasm Staging ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; administration & dosage ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Rectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Rectum ; pathology ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the antibody persistence following rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) with 2-1-1 regimen and antibody response to two booster doses. Methods A total of 314 healthy volunteers at year 1, year 2, year 3 who had received a complete rabies PEP using 2-1-1 regimen were recruited. Two booster doses of rabies vaccine were inoculated, and blood samples were obtained before and 14 days after two booster doses. Human rabies virus IgG antibody was evaluated by ELISA, and the antibody levels and antibody positive rates were analyzed. Results The antibody GMC of 303 people at year 1, year 2, year 3 after a complete immunization was 1.33 IU/mL, 1.04 IU/mL and 0.72 IU/mL, with an antibody positive rate of 77.78%, 66.67% and 55.56%, respectively. Among 282 people who received 2 doses for booster immunization, the antibody GMC at day 14 of 1 year, 2 year and 3 year immunization group was 16.83 IU/mL, 19.37 IU/mL and 21.05 IU/mL respectively, which was higher than that before booster immunization (t=16.54, P<0.001; t=13.85, P<0.001; t=16.02, P<0.001). The antibody positive rate was 100.00%, 99.00% and 100.00%, respectively. Conclusions The immune persistence of rabies antibody after PEP with antirabies vaccine using the 2-1-1 regimen is good so as to the immune response after 2 doses of booster immunization in 3 years is effective.