1.Isoliquiritigenin alleviates abnormal endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by type 2 diabetes mellitus
Kai-yi LAI ; Wen-wen DING ; Jia-yu ZHANG ; Xiao-xue YANG ; Wen-bo GAO ; Yao XIAO ; Ying LIU
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2025;60(1):130-140
Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) is a chalcone compound isolated from licorice, known for its anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, and antioxidant properties. Our previous study has demonstrated that ISL effectively lowers blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice and improves disturbances in glucolipid and energy metabolism induced by T2DM. This study aims to further investigate the effects of ISL on alleviating abnormal endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) caused by T2DM and to elucidate its molecular mechanisms.
2.Association Between Vitamin D Status and Insulin Resistance in Adolescents: A Cross-sectional Observational Study
Xiaoyuan GUO ; Yutong WANG ; Zhibo ZHOU ; Shi CHEN ; Mei ZHANG ; Bo BAN ; Ping LI ; Xinran ZHANG ; Qiuping ZHANG ; Kai YANG ; Hongbo YANG ; Hanze DU ; Hui PAN
Medical Journal of Peking Union Medical College Hospital 2025;16(3):577-583
To investigate the correlation between vitamin D nutritional status and insulin resistance in pubertal adolescents. This cross-sectional observational study employed convenience sampling to recruit 2021-grade(8th grade) students from Jining No.7 Middle School in Shandong Province on June 5, 2023. Data collection included questionnaires, physical examinations, and imaging assessments to obtain general information, secondary sexual characteristics development, and bone age. Venous blood samples were collected to measure fasting blood glucose(FBG), fasting insulin(FINS), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR), and 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D] levels. Spearman correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression models were used to examine the associations between serum vitamin D levels and FBG, FINS, and HOMA-IR. The study included 168 pubertal adolescents[69 females(41.1%), 99 males(58.9%); mean age(13.27±0.46) years]. All participants had entered puberty based on sexual development assessment. Vitamin D deficiency was observed in 41 participants(24.4%), insufficiency in 109(64.9%), and sufficiency in 18(10.7%). The median HOMA-IR was 3.49(2.57, 5.14).Significant differences were found across vitamin D status groups for HOMA-IR [4.45(2.54, 6.62) Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is prevalent among pubertal adolescents, and serum vitamin D levels show a significant inverse association with insulin resistance. These findings suggest the potential importance of vitamin D status in metabolic health during puberty.
3.ResNet-Vision Transformer based MRI-endoscopy fusion model for predicting treatment response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: A multicenter study.
Junhao ZHANG ; Ruiqing LIU ; Di HAO ; Guangye TIAN ; Shiwei ZHANG ; Sen ZHANG ; Yitong ZANG ; Kai PANG ; Xuhua HU ; Keyu REN ; Mingjuan CUI ; Shuhao LIU ; Jinhui WU ; Quan WANG ; Bo FENG ; Weidong TONG ; Yingchi YANG ; Guiying WANG ; Yun LU
Chinese Medical Journal 2025;138(21):2793-2803
BACKGROUND:
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by radical surgery has been a common practice for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, but the response rate varies among patients. This study aimed to develop a ResNet-Vision Transformer based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-endoscopy fusion model to precisely predict treatment response and provide personalized treatment.
METHODS:
In this multicenter study, 366 eligible patients who had undergone neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by radical surgery at eight Chinese tertiary hospitals between January 2017 and June 2024 were recruited, with 2928 pretreatment colonic endoscopic images and 366 pelvic MRI images. An MRI-endoscopy fusion model was constructed based on the ResNet backbone and Transformer network using pretreatment MRI and endoscopic images. Treatment response was defined as good response or non-good response based on the tumor regression grade. The Delong test and the Hanley-McNeil test were utilized to compare prediction performance among different models and different subgroups, respectively. The predictive performance of the MRI-endoscopy fusion model was comprehensively validated in the test sets and was further compared to that of the single-modal MRI model and single-modal endoscopy model.
RESULTS:
The MRI-endoscopy fusion model demonstrated favorable prediction performance. In the internal validation set, the area under the curve (AUC) and accuracy were 0.852 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.744-0.940) and 0.737 (95% CI: 0.712-0.844), respectively. Moreover, the AUC and accuracy reached 0.769 (95% CI: 0.678-0.861) and 0.729 (95% CI: 0.628-0.821), respectively, in the external test set. In addition, the MRI-endoscopy fusion model outperformed the single-modal MRI model (AUC: 0.692 [95% CI: 0.609-0.783], accuracy: 0.659 [95% CI: 0.565-0.775]) and the single-modal endoscopy model (AUC: 0.720 [95% CI: 0.617-0.823], accuracy: 0.713 [95% CI: 0.612-0.809]) in the external test set.
CONCLUSION
The MRI-endoscopy fusion model based on ResNet-Vision Transformer achieved favorable performance in predicting treatment response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and holds tremendous potential for enabling personalized treatment regimens for locally advanced rectal cancer patients.
Humans
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Rectal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging*
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods*
;
Male
;
Female
;
Middle Aged
;
Neoadjuvant Therapy/methods*
;
Aged
;
Adult
;
Chemoradiotherapy/methods*
;
Endoscopy/methods*
;
Treatment Outcome
4.Scientific connotation of "blood stasis toxin" in hypoxic microenvironment: its "soil" function in tumor progression and micro-level treatment approaches.
Wei FAN ; Yuan-Lin LYU ; Xiao-Chen NI ; Kai-Yuan ZHANG ; Chu-Hang WANG ; Jia-Ning GUO ; Guang-Ji ZHANG ; Jian-Bo HUANG ; Tao JIANG
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2025;50(12):3483-3488
The tumor microenvironment is a crucial factor in tumor occurrence and progression. The hypoxic microenvironment is widely present in tumor tissue and is a key endogenous factor accelerating tumor deterioration. The "blood stasis toxin" theory, as an emerging perspective in tumor research, is regarded as the unique "soil" in tumor progression from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) due to its dynamic evolution mechanism, which closely resembles the formation of the hypoxic microenvironment. Scientifically integrating TCM theories with the biological characteristics of tumors and exploring precise syndrome differentiation and treatment strategies are key to achieving comprehensive tumor prevention and control. This article focused on the hypoxic microenvironment of the tumor, elucidating its formation mechanisms and evolutionary processes and carefully analyzing the internal relationship between the "blood stasis toxin" theory and the hypoxic microenvironment. Additionally, it explored the interaction among blood stasis, toxic pathogens, and hypoxic environment and proposed micro-level prevention and treatment strategies targeting the hypoxic microenvironment based on the "blood stasis toxin" theory, aiming to provide TCM-based theoretical support and therapeutic approaches for precise regulation of the hypoxic microenvironment.
Humans
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Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects*
;
Neoplasms/therapy*
;
Animals
;
Medicine, Chinese Traditional
;
Disease Progression
;
Drugs, Chinese Herbal
5.Application of 3D-printed auxiliary guides in adolescent scoliosis surgery.
Dong HOU ; Jian-Tao WEN ; Chen ZHANG ; Jin HUANG ; Chang-Quan DAI ; Kai LI ; Han LENG ; Jing ZHANG ; Shao-Bo YANG ; Xiao-Juan CUI ; Juan WANG ; Xiao-Yun YUAN
China Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology 2025;38(11):1119-1125
OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the accuracy and safety of pedicle screw placement using 3D-printed auxiliary guides in scoliosis correction surgery for adolescents.
METHODS:
A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 51 patients who underwent posterior scoliosis correction surgery from January 2020 to March 2023. Among them, there were 35 cases of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and 16 cases of congenital scoliosis. The patients were divided into two groups based on the auxiliary tool used:the 3D-printed auxiliary guide screw placement group (3D printing group) and the free-hand screw placement group (free-hand group, without auxiliary tools). The 3D printing group included 32 patients (12 males and 20 females) with an average age of (12.59±2.60) years;the free-hand group included 19 patients (7 males and 12 females) with an average age of (14.58±3.53) years. The two groups were compared in terms of screw placement accuracy and safety, spinal correction rate, intraoperative blood loss, number of intraoperative fluoroscopies, operation time, hospital stay, and preoperative and last follow-up scores of the Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22) questionnaire.
RESULTS:
A total of 707 pedicle screws were placed in the two groups, with 441 screws in the 3D printing group and 266 screws in the free-hand group. All patients in both groups successfully completed the surgery. There was a statistically significant difference in operation time between the two groups (P<0.05). The screw placement accuracy rate of the 3D printing group was 95.46% (421/441), among which the Grade A placement rate was 89.34% (394/441);the screw placement accuracy rate of the free-hand group was 86.47% (230/266), with a Grade A placement rate of 73.31% (195/266). There were statistically significant differences in the accuracy of Grade A, B, and C screw placements between the two groups (P<0.05), while no statistically significant differences were observed in intraoperative blood loss, number of fluoroscopies, correction rate, or hospital stay (P>0.05). In the SRS-22 questionnaire scores, the scores of functional status and activity ability, self-image, mental status, and pain of patients in each group at the last follow-up were significantly improved compared with those before surgery (P<0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences in all scores between the two groups (P>0.05).
CONCLUSION
In scoliosis correction surgery, compared with traditional free-hand screw placement, the use of 3D-printed auxiliary guides for screw placement significantly improves the accuracy and safety of screw placement and shortens the operation time.
Humans
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Male
;
Scoliosis/surgery*
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Female
;
Adolescent
;
Printing, Three-Dimensional
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Retrospective Studies
;
Pedicle Screws
;
Child
6.A novel glycolysis-related prognostic risk model for colorectal cancer patients based on single-cell and bulk transcriptomic data.
Kai YAO ; Jingyi XIA ; Shuo ZHANG ; Yun SUN ; Junjie MA ; Bo ZHU ; Li REN ; Congli ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Cellular and Molecular Immunology 2025;41(2):105-115
Objective To explore the prognostic value of glycolysis-related genes in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and formulate a novel glycolysis-related prognostic risk model. Methods Single-cell and bulk transcriptomic data of CRC patients, along with clinical information, were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Glycolysis scores for each sample were calculated using single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA). Kaplan-Meier survival curves were generated to analyze the relationship between glycolysis scores and overall survival. Novel glycolysis-related subgroups were defined among the cell type with the highest glycolysis scores. Gene enrichment analysis, metabolic activity assessment, and univariate Cox regression were performed to explore the biological functions and prognostic impact of these subgroups. A prognostic risk model was built and validated based on genes significantly affecting the prognosis. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was conducted to explore differences in biological processes between high- and low-risk groups. Differences in immune microenvironment and drug sensitivity between these groups were assessed using R packages. Potential targeted agents for prognostic risk genes were predicted using the Enrichr database. Results Tumor tissues showed significantly higher glycolysis scores than normal tissues, which was associated with a poor prognosis in CRC patients. The highest glycolysis score was observed in epithelial cells, within which we defined eight novel glycolysis-related cell subpopulations. Specifically, the P4HA1+ epithelial cell subpopulation was associated with a poor prognosis. Based on signature genes of this subpopulation, a six-gene prognostic risk model was formulated. GSEA revealed significant biological differences between high- and low-risk groups. Immune microenvironment analysis demonstrated that the high-risk group had increased infiltration of macrophages and tumor-associated fibroblasts, along with evident immune exclusion and suppression, while the low-risk group exhibited higher levels of B cell and T cell infiltration. Drug sensitivity analysis indicated that high-risk patients were more sensitive to Abiraterone, while low-risk patients responded to Cisplatin. Additionally, Valproic acid was predicted as a potential targeted agent. Conclusion High glycolytic activity is associated with a poor prognosis in CRC patients. The novel glycolysis-related prognostic risk model formulated in this study offers significant potential for enhancing the diagnosis and treatment of CRC.
Humans
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Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology*
;
Glycolysis/genetics*
;
Prognosis
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Transcriptome
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Tumor Microenvironment/genetics*
;
Gene Expression Profiling
;
Single-Cell Analysis
;
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
;
Male
;
Female
;
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
7.Formulation screening and content determination of compound albendazole sulfox-ide pouring agent
Qi ZHAO ; Yurou HUO ; Jianxu ZHANG ; Shiyao XU ; Jiabin ZHANG ; Bo LI ; Yufei WANG ; Yujie YANG ; Haiquan GU ; Kai WANG ; Qianxue LI
Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science 2024;44(10):2213-2220
Albendazole sulfoxide and ivermectin compound pouring agent were prepared with dime-thyl sulfoxide and 1,2-propanediol as solvents.The central composite design response surface method was used to optimize the formula of pouring agent.Franz diffusion cell method was used to investigate the transdermal performance of pouring agent in vitro.The permeation amounts of the two drugs were determined by HPLC.The best formula of pouring agent was ivermectin 0.5%,al-bendazole sulfoxide 5%,dimethyl sulfoxide 52%,propylene glycol 39%,and the rest was 100%anhydrous ethanol.The cumulative permeation amounts of ivermectin and albendazole sulfoxide were up to 20.78 μg/cm2 and 249.02 μg/cm2,respectively.The in vitro release model of the two drugs accords with the first-order kinetic equation.There is a good linear relationship between al-bendazole sulfoxide and ivermectin in the range of 1-100 mg/L and the peak area.The precision and stability RSD of the two methods are less than 2%.The preparation process of albendazole sul-foxide compound pouring agent is simple,stable and easy to pour.The established HPLC method is simple and accurate,and can be used for the determination of albendazole sulfoxide and ivermectin in pouring agent.
8.The Role of NK Cells in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Micro-Transplantation for Acute Myeloid leukemia
Ru-Yu LIU ; Chang-Lin YU ; Jian-Hui QIAO ; Bo CAI ; Qi-Yun SUN ; Yi WANG ; Tie-Qiang LIU ; Shan JIANG ; Tian-Yao ZHANG ; Hui-Sheng AI ; Mei GUO ; Kai-Xun HU
Journal of Experimental Hematology 2024;32(2):546-555
Objective:To explore the role of NK cells in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell micro-transplantation(MST)in the treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML).Methods:Data from 93 AML patients treated with MST at our center from 2013-2018 were retrospectively analyzed.The induction regimen was anthracycline and cytarabine combined with peripheral blood stem cells transplantation mobilization by granulocyte colony stimulating factor(GPBSC),followed by 2-4 courses of intensive treatment with medium to high doses of cytarabine combined with GPBSC after achieving complete remission(CR).The therapeutic effects of one and two courses of MST induction therapy on 42 patients who did not reach CR before transplantation were evaluated.Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to analyze the impact of donor NK cell dose and KIR genotype,including KIR ligand mismatch,2DS1,haplotype,and HLA-Cw ligands on survival prognosis of patients.Results:Forty-two patients received MST induction therapy,and the CR rate was 57.1%after 1 course and 73.7%after 2 courses.Multivariate analysis showed that,medium and high doses of NK cells was significantly associated with improved disease-free survival(DFS)of patients(HR=0.27,P=0.005;HR=0.21,P=0.001),and high doses of NK cells was significantly associated with improved overall survival(OS)of patients(HR=0.15,P=0.000).Donor 2DS1 positive significantly increases OS of patients(HR=0.25,P=0.011).For high-risk patients under 60 years old,patients of the donor-recipient KIR ligand mismatch group had longer DFS compared to the nonmismatch group(P=0.036);donor 2DS1 positive significantly prolonged OS of patients(P=0.009).Conclusion:NK cell dose,KIR ligand mismatch and 2DS1 influence the therapeutic effect of MST,improve the survival of AML patients.
9.Type B insulin resistance syndrome:a case report
Tingyan YU ; Kai GUO ; Xuelian ZHANG ; Xiaoyan ZHAO ; Bo WANG ; Lei GU ; Xuane ZHANG ; Zunhai ZHOU ; Wei CHENG
Chinese Journal of Diabetes 2024;32(9):703-705
Type B insulin resistance syndrome(TBIR)is a rare autoimmune disease caused by the presence of autoantibodies against insulin receptors in the human body,leading to severe refractory hyperglycemia or refractory hypoglycemia.This article reports a case of TBIR patient,summarizes and analyzes its epidemiological characteristics and diagnosis and treatment methods,providing a basis for clinical treatment.
10.Research on the participation mechanism of basic medical insurance for platform workers:International experiences and implications for China
Xiao-Dou YU ; Kai-Ran ZHANG ; Hong-Bo WANG
Chinese Journal of Health Policy 2024;17(4):30-37
The digital economy promotes economic growth and changes in employment patterns,but it also exposes platform workers to the risk of losing their basic medical insurance rights and interests.Based on the theory of inclusive governance,this paper constructs a three-dimensional analysis framework of opportunity-process-result for the participation mechanism,analyzes the international experiences of basic medical insurance participation mechanism for platform workers,and puts forward suggestions for optimizing the basic medical insurance participation mechanism in light of China's actual situation.The finding shows that the value orientation of realizing the universal health of medical insurance,the inclusive and coordinated participation mechanism,and the fair treatment of sharing and unification are the main strategies to deal with the issue of medical insurance participation of platform workers in the international arena.Therefore,it is recommended to firstly,expand and improve the basic medical insurance system covering the whole population with the concept of the supremacy of the right to health;secondly,promote the synergistic development among the stakeholders to enhance the systemic resilience of the basic medical insurance;and lastly,strengthen the function of mutual assistance and mutual aid of the basic medical insurance to promote the common prosperity effect of the basic medical insurance.

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