At present stage,the needs of practice personnel of medical law include‘professional personnel’ (master's degree)and ‘general personnel’(bachelor's degree),but the existing training system did not make any distinction between the two and triggered the following situations:practical teaching mode convergence,content inanition,lack of resources,etc. From the real needs of the com-munity,practice teaching in master stage should focus on vocational practical trainingcourse including mock trial,common medical law disputes,professional documents writing. Practice teaching in un-dergraduate stageshould focus on the primary practical trainingcourse including court records and medical dispute mediation.

Animals ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Infection Control ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; trends ; Prevalence ; Schistosomiasis japonica ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Schistosomicides ; therapeutic use ; Snails ; parasitology

Arthralgia ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Syndrome ; Tendon Injuries ; diagnosis ; therapy

Based on the anatomic data and fractal theory, the vascular tree model of forearms similar to actual vessel was established, and then the 3D heat transfer model of forearms based on the actual vessel anatomic structure was created. The model was analyzed and investigated with finite element method to explore the influential factors such as dimensional distribution of vessel, blood perfusion rate and external heat source for the 3D temperature field. The simulation results were consistent with the experimental data derived from Pennes. The model well reflects the regional difference of tissue temperature caused by the irregular distribution of vessel, and provides temperature guidance for tumor thermotherapy.

Acinetobacter Infections ; microbiology ; Acinetobacter baumannii ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Anthracosis ; microbiology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Fosfomycin ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Imipenem ; pharmacology ; Pneumonia, Bacterial ; microbiology

Objective To study the effect of Sarcandra Glabra on the expression of signal transduction molecules of TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway in miniature pig of radiation-induced lung injury.Methods 75 miniature pigs were divided into control group,radiation group and radiation plus medication group randomly.At 1 week before exposure of right lung with 15 Gy γ-rays,the miniature pigs in radiation plus medication group were given Sarcandra glabra,while those in the other groups received an equal amount of saline.Right lung were taken at weeks 2,4,8,12 and 24 after irradiation,the pathological changes in the lung tissue were observed by HE staining,and the expression of mRNA and protein of TGF-β1,Smad2,Smad3,and Smad7 were detected by real-time PCR and western blotting,respectively.Results Sarcandra glabra reduced the inflammation and fibrosis of the lung tissue in miniature pig after irradiation.Compared with control group,the expressions of TGF-β1 and Smad3 were significantly increased at 2 weeks after irradiation(P ＜ 0.05),Smad2 and Smad7 were increased at 8 and 12 weeks after irradiation(P ＜ 0.05),respectively,in the radiation group.Compared with the radiation group,the expressions of TGF-β1 and Smad2 were significantly decreased(P ＜ 0.05) from the fourth and eighth week,respectively,Smad3 had no obvious change while Smad7 was significantly increased from the second week in the radiation plus medication group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Sarcandra Glabra plays protective effect on radiation-induced lung injury in miniature pig by regulating TGF-β1,Smad2 and Smad7 expressions in the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway.

Objective To prepare the recombinant epitopes of HSV-gB and HSV-gD protein and provides a new antigen protein for the development of herpes simplex virus(HSV)vaccine.Methods The epitopes of HSV-gB and HSV-gD protein were analyzed by epitope prediction software.A novel gene named X which encoded 9 predicted epitopes of HSV-Gb and HSV-gD protein was designed and synthesized using chemical method.X gene was cloned into vector PET-28a(+),expressed in Escherichia cob' BL21(DE3),and analyzed by Western blot.Results X gene was successfully designed and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3).Western blot analysis showed that recombinant X protein,which was with His marker,can be detected by anti-His antibody.Conclusion In this study we establish a newmethod to express recombinant epitope protein,which may be a new protein for developing vaccine against HSV infection.

With the research on tumor immunity and tumor immunosuppression development,immunotherapies for lung cancer has become a research hotspot.Tumor immune microenvironment plays an important role in tumor genesis,development and metastasis of lung cancer.Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the dominant leukocyte population found in immune microenvironment of lung cancer.The relationship between TAMs and lung cancer becomes clear with further research.TAMs may become the new target of lung cancer immunotherapy.

0bjective To investigate the serum total bilirubin level of healthy population in northwest area of China.Methods According to the guiding principle and the screening standard of C28-P3,722 individuals conforming to the screening standard from October 2011 to January 2012 were collected.Serum total bilirubin was determined with diazo reagent method(Roche)on the P module of Hitachi 7600 automatic biochemistry analyzer,and the vanadate reagent method(WAKO)on the D module of the Hitachi 7600 automatic biochemistry analyzer,respectively.The detection results were analyzed between different analysis systems,between country and city and among different age groups by SPSS13.0.The top and bottom limitations of 95% reference interval recommen-ded by the C28-P3 file were calculated by the non-parametric method.Results Serum total bilirubin detection results had no statis-tically significant differences between the two kinds of detection methods,between rural and urban populations,among all ages and genders (P >0.05).The ultimate reference interval of serum total bilirubin in the northwest area was 2.19 -29.29 μmol/L.Con-clusion The differences of serum total bilirubin reference interval exist between the healthy population in the Northwest area of China and the current reference interval used in domestic and foreign population.Establishing the reference intervals of new bio-chemical test item suitable for China′s population will provide the scientific basis for the evaluation of disease diagnosis,treatment, prognosis judgment and health assessment in the Chinese population.

Objective To study the reference interval of serum iron and magnesium of healthy people in northwest region . Methods 722 healthy people aged 18- <80 were recruited according to the screening criteria of enzymatic multi-center study of International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC) .Atomic absorption spectrophotometry and Roche assay kit were employed for serum iron ,magnesium detection .Results Differences of serum iron ,magnesium detection results obtained by two different methods ,between urban and rural people and among different age periods showed no statistically significant (P>0 .05) ,and the re-sults was combined into one group .Difference of iron test results between male and female was statistically significant (P<0 .05) , and grouping was performed according to gender ,that was ,male:10 .05-36 .21 mmol/L ,female:6 .19-30 .87 mmol/L .Difference of magnesium test results between male and female showed no statistical significance (P<0 .05) ,and was combined into one group , with the reference interval of 0 .74-1 .06 mmol/L .Conclusion The iron and magnesium 95% reference intervals of healthy people in northwest region are narrower than those of the National test results .