Purpose To investigate the frequency of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and its correlation with the clinicopathologic features.Methods 1 047 cases of non-small cell lung cancer diagnosed by pathological examination were enrolled in this study.The status of ALK was detected by Ventana anti ALK reagent and IHC staining,and the clinical characteristics and pathological features of ALK gene were analyzed.Results Among 1 047 patients with non-small cell lung cancer,there are 72 cases with positive ALK (6.88％).These cases included 70 cases of adenocrcinoms and 2 adenosquamous carcinomas,with 40 males and 32 females,or 37 smokers and 35 non-smokers.The median age was 56 years and the mean age was 55.60 years.Histopathologically,43 cases were solid predominant adnocarcinomas,16 cases were acinar predominant adenocarcinomas,and 13 cases were papillary predominant adenocarcinomas.None were lepidic predominant adenocarcinomas.Conclusion ALK gene fusion lung cancer is a new molecular subtype of nonsmall cell lung cancer.It has unique clinical feature and pathological morphology.Ventana anti ALK reagent and IHC staining method are the first choice for the test of ALK positive non-small cell lung cancer,which has important significance to improve the detection rate and individual treatment for this type of lung cancer.

BACKGROUNDThe prospects of using immature CD8a(+) dendritic cells (DC2) to establish transplant immunologic tolerance and treatments for autoimmune diseases in the future are promising. However, the methods for inducing DC2 are still being explored. The present study was aimed to investigate the optimal in vitro conditions for preparing large numbers of predominant DC2 from murine bone marrow cells.

METHODSThree groups of bone marrow cells cultured under different conditions were examined, namely a cytokine-induced experimental group (cytokine group), a control group with a low concentration of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF, low GM-CSF group) and a control group without endogenous cytokines. The cytokine group was cultured with 5 ng/ml GM-CSF, 25 ng/ml Flt3 ligand (Flt3L), 20 ng/ml interleukin 4 (IL-4) and 100 ng/ml stem cell factor (SCF). The low GM-CSF control group was cultured with 0.4 ng/ml GM-CSF, 25 ng/ml Flt3L and 100 ng/ml SCF, without IL-4. The control group without exogenous cytokines was cultured without additional cytokines. All cells were cultured at 37 degrees C under 5% CO2. On days 3, 7 and 16, 4-color flow cytometry was carried out to analyze the cell phenotypes, and the total cell numbers were counted to analyze the cell yields. Phase-contrast microscopy was used to observe the cell morphologies.

RESULTSThe cytokine group exhibited higher proportions of typical immature CD8a(+) DC, especially on day 3, but the total cell number and DC2 proportion decreased during prolonged culture. The low GM-CSF control group showed the same tendencies as the cytokine group on days 16 and 22, but produced higher total cell numbers (P<0.05) with lower DC2 proportions and cell numbers. The control group without exogenous cytokines spontaneously generated a certain proportion of DC2, but with low total cell and DC2 numbers that decreased rapidly, especially during prolonged culture (days 7 and 16, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCulture in the presence of 5 ng/ml GM-CSF, 25 ng/ml Flt3L, 20 ng/ml IL-4 and 100 ng/ml SCF can rapidly induce large quantities of predominant immature CD8a(+) DC from murine bone marrow cells. Therefore, these represent optimal culture conditions for preparing murine immature DC2 in vitro.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; CD8 Antigens ; metabolism ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Cells, Cultured ; Flow Cytometry ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Microscopy, Phase-Contrast

Objective:To explore the differential diagnosis of pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma (PACC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) based on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) features.Methods:The clinical, pathological and MDCT imaging data of 26 patients with pathologically confirmed PACC and 145 patients with pathologically confirmed PDAC who underwent MDCT from November 2013 to April 2021 were retrospectively studied. The differences of MDCT features including tumor location, tumor size, common pancreatic duct and bile duct dilatation, pancreatitis, lymph node metastasis, cyst, pancreatic parenchyma atrophy, duodenal involvement, bile ductal and vascular involvement between the two groups were compared. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis by logistic regression models were performed to identify the independent predictive factors for PACC.Results:The tumor size, bile duct dilatation, lymph node metastasis, pancreatic parenchyma atrophy and vascular involvement were significantly different between PACC group and PDAC group (all P value<0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that the tumor size ( OR=1.07, 95% CI 1.028-1.15, P=0.001), lymph node metastasis ( OR=0.23, 95% CI 0.065-0.800, P=0.02), pancreatic parenchyma atrophy ( OR=0.15, 95% CI 0.048-0.490, P=0.002) were closely associated with PACC. Conclusions:The tumor size, bile duct dilatation, lymph node metastasis, pancreatic parenchyma atrophy and vascular involvement evaluated by MDCT had a certain value in differentiating PACC from PDAC, and the tumor size, lymph node metastasis and pancreatic parenchyma atrophy were independent predictors for the diagnosis of PACC.

Objective:To develop and verify a predictive model based on CT characteristics for predicting infected walled-off necrosis (IWON) in MSAP and SAP patients.Methods:The clinical and CT data of 1 322 patients diagnosed as MSAP and SAP according to the 2012 Atlanta revised diagnostic criteria in the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University from January 2015 to December 2020 were continuously collected. Finally, 126 patients who underwent enhanced CT scans within 3 days after admission and percutaneous catheter drainage of WON during hospitalization were enrolled. Among them, there were 63 MSAP and 63 SAP patients. According to the results of the culture from drainage fluid, the patients were divided into sterile walled-off necrosis group (SWON group, n=31) and infected walled-off necrosis group (IWON group, n=95). Patients were divided into training set (18 patients with SWON and 74 patients with IWON from January 2015 to December 2018) and validation set (13 patients with SWON and 21 patients with IWON from January 2019 to December 2020). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to establish a model for predicting IWON. The model was visualized as a nomogram. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn. The predictive efficacy of the model was evaluated by the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, and the clinical application value was judged by decision curve analysis (DCA). Results:Univariate regression analysis showed that age, etiology, WON with bubble sign and the lowest CT value of WON were significantly associated with IWON. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that older age, biliary acute pancreatitis, WON with bubble sign, and the greater minimum CT value of WON were independent predictors for IWON. The formula for the prediction model was 0.12+ 0.01 age-0.75 hyperlipidemia-1.62 alcoholic-2.62 other causes+ 19.18 WON bubble sign+ 0.10 minimum CT value of WON. The AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the model were 0.85 (95% CI 0.76-0.94), 67.57%, 88.89%, and 71.74% in the training set and 0.78(95% CI0.62-0.94), 66.67%, 84.62%, and 73.53% in the validation set, respectively. The decision analysis curve showed that when the nomogram differentiated IWON from SWON at a rate greater than 0.38, using the nomogram could benefit the patients. Conclusions:The prediction model established based on CT characteristics might non-invasively and accurately predict the presence or absence of IWON in MSAP and SAP patients, and provide a basis for guiding treatment and evaluating prognosis.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the protective performance of a positive pressure bio-protective clothing against viral aerosol.

METHODSThe suspension of indicating virus phage Phi-X174 was made for viral aerosol generating in a hermetic cabin. The diameter of viral aerosol particles were measured with a aerodynamics size analyzer. By adjusting the inner humidity of the cabin, the protective efficiency of the positive pressure bio-protective clothing against viral aerosol in high and low windshield conditions was determined with Andersen six-stage air sampler sampling and plage forming unit (PFU) counting, respectively.

RESULTSThe mass median diameter of Phage Phi-X174 aerosol particles was about 0.922 µm and the background concentration is beyond 2 × 10⁴ particles/m³. The protective efficiency of the clothing against phage Phi-X174 aerosol particles was above 99.9% under different test conditions with the range of viral aerosol concentration between 0 - 23 PFU/m³. Airflow (P = 0.84), environment humidity conditions (P = 0.33) and sampling time (P = 0.07) did not affect the protective efficiency statistically.

CONCLUSIONThe positive pressure bio-protective clothing provided a relatively high efficiency against phage Phi-X174 aerosol regardless of airflow rate, environment humidity and sampling time.

Aerosols ; Bacteriophage phi X 174 ; Bioterrorism ; prevention & control ; Equipment Design ; Humidity ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Pressure ; Protective Clothing ; Time Factors ; Virus Diseases ; prevention & control

Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor ; Angiotensin II ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology* ; Antioxidants/pharmacology* ; HaCaT Cells ; Humans

BACKGROUNDA multi-center large scale study is needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of domestic peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions. Some researchers believe that 6 L/d is enough for adequate dialysis, but there is no multi-center prospective study on Chinese population to confirm this. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of domestic PD solution (Changfu) and its difference between 6 L and 8 L dosage.

METHODSAdult PD patients who had taken PD therapy for at least one month were selected and divided into four groups according to two dialysis solution brands and two dialysis dosages, i.e., 6 L dose with Changfu dialysis solution, 6 L dose with Baxter dialysis solution, 8 L dose with Changfu dialysis solution, and 8 L dose with Baxter dialysis solution. After 48 weeks, the changes of primary and secondary efficacy indices were compared between different types and different dosages. We also analyzed the changes of safety indices.

RESULTSChanges of Kt/V from baseline to 48 weeks between Changfu and Baxter showed no statistical differences; so did those of creatinine clearance rate (Ccr). Normalized protein catabolic rate (nPCR) from baseline to 48 weeks between Changfu and Baxter showed no statistical differences; so did those of net ultrafiltration volume (nUF) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Changes of nPCR from baseline to 48 weeks between 6 L and 8 L showed no statistical differences; so did those of nUF and eGFR. The decline of Kt/V from baseline to 48 weeks in 6 L group was more than that in 8 L group. Change of Ccr was similar. During the 48-week period, the mean Kt/V was above 1.7/w, and mean Ccr was above 50 L×1.73 m(-2)×w(-1). More adverse events were found in Changfu group before Changfu Corporation commenced technology optimization, and the statistical differences disappeared after that.

CONCLUSIONSThe domestic PD solution (Changfu) was proven to be as effective as Baxter dialysis solution. During 48-week period, a dosage of 6 L/d was enough for these patients to reach adequate PD. Clinical study promotes technological optimization, further helps to improve the safety indices of the medical products.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Dialysis Solutions ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the levels of ferritin, C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in peripheral serum and cytokine release syndrome (CRS) in patients with relapse and/or refractory multiple myeloma (R/R MM) after receiving chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) immunotherapy. METHODS: Twenty-eight patients with R/R MM were treated with 1×10 RESULTS: Among the 28 patients, 27 cases (96.4%) developed CRS, 24 cases (85.7%) in 1-2 grade CRS and 3 cases (10.7%) in 3-5 grade. The severity grade of CRS of 27 patients was positively correlated with the peak values of ferritin, CRP, LDH, and IL-6 in peripheral blood (r CONCLUSION After receiving CAR-T cellular immunotherapy, the incidence of CRS in patients with R/R MM is higher, but most of them are in grade 1 or 2. The severity of CRS is positively correlated with the levels of ferritin, CRP, LDH and IL-6 in peripheral blood.
Animals ; Antigens, CD19 ; Cytokine Release Syndrome ; Humans ; Immunotherapy, Adoptive ; Mice ; Multiple Myeloma/therapy* ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Receptors, Chimeric Antigen

Scutellariae Radix(Huangqin) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) used for the treatment of clearing heat in clinical application. It is bitter-cold by using directly, but the bitter-cold property can be relieved after wine-frying. The study of taste changes before and after wine-frying of Scutellariae Radix is of great significance in identifying Scutellariae Radix and wine-processed Scutellariae Radix and clarifying the traditional theory of wine-processing. In this experiment, 10 batches of Scutellariae Radix and wine-processed Scutellariae Radix were prepared. The contents of 5 flavonoids were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), and principal component analysis(PCA) was performed with 5 flavonoids as variables. As a result, the contents were different in different batches of Scutellariae Radix, but Scutellariae Radix and wine-processed Scutellariae Radix could not be distinguished. Five sensory attributes(sour, salty, fresh, sweet, and bitter) were evaluated by artificial tasting, and the response values of 7 sensors(AHS, AHS, PKS, CTS, NMS, CPS, ANS, SCS) representing the taste of pieces were detected by electronic tongue. The correlation between sensory evaluation and response values of the electronic tongue were analyzed, and the results showed that the sensory evaluation of sour, salty, fresh, sweet, bitter and AHS, CTS, NMS, ANS, SCS sensors had different degrees of correlation, indicating that the electronic tongue technology can be used as an alternative to artificial taste and can serve as a means for quantifying the taste, and it can be used to evaluate the taste of TCM pieces. The taste method was used to analyze the response values of the electronic tongue, and the results showed that the bitterness of wine-processed Scutellariae Radix decreased and the salty taste increased. PCA was used to analyze taste changes before and after wine-processed Scutellariae Radix, and the results showed that taste differences between 2 pieces were divided into 2 categories. PCA loading scattering plots showed that response of saltiness and bitterness were the major factors to affect overall taste in Scutellariae Radix and wine-processed Scutellariae Radix. Based on electronic tongue response values, the Fisher discriminant model for Scutellariae Radix and wine-processed Scutellariae Radix was established, which showed that it could effectively discriminate them with a recognition rate of 100%. The experimental results showed that the electronic tongue combined with multivariate statistical analysis can be used to evaluate taste of TCM, at the same time, it could provide a fast and simple method for identifying different processed products.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Scutellaria baicalensis ; Taste ; Wine ; analysis

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), and preliminarily explore the role of an improved post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) based conditioning regimen in PNH patients receiving transplantation. METHODS: Clinical related data of PNH sufferers receiving allo-HSCT in Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology were collected, and hematopoietic reconstitution, chimerism, PNH cloning, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), infection, and survival were analyzed. RESULTS: Totally five PNH patients receiving allo-HSCT were enrolled, including 1 case with classic PNH, 3 cases with aplastic anemia-PNH syndrome, 1 case with myelodysplastic syndrome, three of them (case 1-3) received the improved PTCy based conditioning regimen before HSCT. All sufferers engrafted successfully within 28 days, the median time of neutrophil and platelet engraftment was 11 days and 12 days, respectively, no patient occurred acute or chronic GVHD, after a median follow-up of 16 months, all recipients survived and completely eliminated PNH cloning. CONCLUSION Allo-HSCT can completely clear PNH cloning and restore hematopoietic function with controllable complications, and the improved PTCy based conditioning regimen is proved to be effective in PNH transplantation.
Anemia, Aplastic/therapy* ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal/therapy* ; Humans ; Transplantation Conditioning