ObjectiveTo Compare the clinical results between microscope and loupes which used in microsurgical discectomy.MethodsA prospective randomized controlled trial of 93 patients who had undergone microsurgical discectomy from January 2007 to December 2010 was performed.Clinical results were assessed by comparing the following parameters between patients who had undergone the surgery by microscope and loupes:length of stay,hospitalization cost,operative time,estimated blood loss,Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score and JOA recovery rate,Odom's standard.ResultsForty-nine patients underwent surgery by microscope,and forty-four patients underwent surgery by loupes.Eighty patients received outpatient or telephone follow-up.The follow-up period was 6.17 to 52.90 months with an average of (29.64±13.05) months,and the follow-up rate was 86.02％.According preoperative data,the two groups didn't differ with respect to age,gender,level of radiculopathy,or preoperative JOA score and JOA recovery rate.No statistically significant differences were identified in postoperative JOA score and JOA recovery rate,length of stay,hospitalization cost,length of follow-up,or relapse rate.Statistically significant differences were identified in operative time,estimated blood loss,and follow-up JOA score and JOA recovery rate.Conclusion Microscope can provide relatively more clear and comfortable vision for the surgery.It can short the operative time,decrease blood loss,reduce the potential risk of nerve injury,and retain more normal tissue,which can ensure better clinical results.

OBJECTIVETo prepare ligustrazine (TMPZ) ocular sustained-release implant, and investigate its in vitro drug release, pharmacokinetics in rabbit vitreum and in vitro correlation.

METHODLigustrazine ocular sustained-release implants were prepared by micro-twin conical screw mixers with hot-melting extrusion method, with polyactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) as the matrix. HPLC was adopted to determine the concentration in vitreum after ligustrazine was implanted in rabbit eyes, in order to examine its in vivo sustained-release behavior, and study the correlation between in vitro and in vivo.

RESULTLigustrazine implants were prepared with a drug-loading rate between 10% and 30%, which was in conformity to the pharmacopoeia in terms of the content uniformity. Its in vitro release was in conformity to the zero-order release model. With PLGA 5050, 2. 5A as a vector, ligustrazine implants with a drug-loading rate of 30% could slowly release drug for more than 3 weeks, indicating a good correlation between in vitro and in vivo release.

CONCLUSIONLigustrazine ocular implants prepared with hot-melting extrusion method is practicable. Ligustrazine ocular implants release drug smoothly in rabbit vitreous vitreums, suggesting good sustained-release effect.

Animals ; Biological Availability ; Drug Implants ; Eye ; Female ; Male ; Polyglycolic Acid ; chemistry ; Pyrazines ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Rabbits ; Vitreous Body

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinic characteristic and treatment of senile chronic submandibular sialadenitis.

METHODSThe clinical records of the patients over 50 years old whose final diagnosis was chronic submandibular sialadenitis were reviewed. The patients were diagnosed as neoplasm of submandibular gland before operation, There was no radiographic sign of sialolithiasis, no clinical and laboratory signs of Sjögren syndrome or related autoimmune disease.

RESULTSThirty-five patients were presented in masses in the submandibular space, which was not related to eating. Histopathologic study showed destruction of acinus, infiltration of inflammatory cell, and micro-calcification in the intercalated duct.

CONCLUSIONSThe diagnosis of senile chronic submandibular sialadenitis should be considered if a mass in the submandibular space occurs in the old patients and radiographic study shows no sialolithiasis and neoplasm. Resection of the submandibular gland is not necessary for these patients.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sialadenitis ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Submandibular Gland Diseases ; diagnosis ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo examine the effect of RhoA/Rho kinase signal pathway on TGF-beta1-induced phenotypic differentiation of human dermal fibroblasts.

METHODSThe 4th generation of primary cultured human dermal fibroblasts were stimulated with TGF-beta1, (10 ng/ml). The expression of alpha-SMA was detected after treatment with TGF-beta1, for 0, 3, 6, and 24 h. The expression of alpha-SMA was also detected after treatment with different concentration of TGF-beta1 (0, 2, 10, 50 ng/ml). Then the human dermal fibroblasts (4th generation) were stimulated with TGF-beta1, (10 ng/ml) after being treated with the RhoA/Rho kinase signaling pathway inhibitor Y-27632 (10 umol/ml). The fibroblasts were treated with nothing as sham control, or with Y-27632 (10 umol/L) only as negative control group, or with TGF-beta1 (10 ng/ml) only as positive control group. The expression of alpha-SMA was detected in all the groups. Protein expression was analyzed with ANOVA statistical method.

RESULTSalpha-SMA expression in fibroblasts with 10 ng/ml TGF-beta1 stimulation for 0, 3, 6, 24 h was 1.0, 1.9 0.2, 2.1 +/- 0. 1, 3. 1 +/- 0.1, respectively. Alpha-SMA expression in 24 h group was significantly higher than that in other three groups (n = 4, P < 0.05). alpha-SMA expression in human dermal fibroblasts after stimulation with different concentration of TGF-beta1 (0, 2, 10, 50 ng/ml) was 1.0, 1.4 +/- 0.2, 3.2 + 0.1, 3.1 +/- 0.2, respectively. alpha-SMA expression in 10 ng/ ml group was significantly higher than that in 2 ng/ml group and control group (n = 4, P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in alpha-SMA expression between 10 ng/ml group and 50 ng/ml group (n = 4, P > 0.05). With both Y-27632 (10 micromol/L) and TGF-beta1 stimulation, the cell phenotype differentiation was inhibited. Alpha-SMA expression in experimental group (1.2 +/- 0.2) was significantly reduced, when compared with that in positive control group (2.9 +/- 0.1) (n = 5, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference (n = 5, P > 0.05) in alpha-SMA expression between control group (1.0) and negative control group (1.1 +/- 0.1).

CONCLUSIONSRhoA/Rho kinase signaling pathway should be involved in TGF-beta1-induced phenotypic differentiation of human dermal fibroblasts.

Actins ; metabolism ; Adolescent ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; Humans ; Male ; Signal Transduction ; Skin ; cytology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; pharmacology ; rho-Associated Kinases ; metabolism ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein ; metabolism

Adult ; Female ; Heart Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue ; pathology

G46B is a promising holding line used for three-lines breeding strategy in hybrid rice, but it is susceptible to blast disease caused by Pyricularia grisea. To improve its blast resistance, three rice varieties, Digu, BL-1, and Pi-4, with blast resistance genes, Pi-d(t), Pi-b, and Pi-ta2, respectively, were used to be crossed with G46B, and 15 plants with these three blast resistance genes, Pi-d(t)1, Pi-b, and Pi-ta2, were selected from their F2 and B1C1 populations via a marker-aided crossing procedure. Among them, four plants were heterozygotes in the three resistance genes, with the genotype of Pi-d(t)1 pi-d(t)/Pi-b pi-b/ Pi-ta2 pi-ta2; ten plants were heterozygotes in two of the three resistance genes, of which six with the genotype of Pi-d(t)1 Pi-d(t)1/Pi-b pi-b/Pi-ta2 pi-ta2, three with the genotype of Pi-d(t)1 pi-d(t)1/Pi-b pi-b/Pi-ta2 Pi-ta2, and one with the genotype of Pi-d(t)1pi-d(t)1/Pi-b Pi-b/Pi-ta2 pi-ta2; and only one plant was homozygote in two of the three resistance genes with the genotype of Pi-d(t)1 Pi-d(t)/Pi-b pi-b/Pi-ta2 Pi-ta2. These results demonstrate the capacity of maker-assisted selection (MAS) in gene pyramiding for rice blast resistance and its enhancement for the efficiency in rice resistance breeding.
Crosses, Genetic ; Genes, Plant ; Genetic Markers ; Genotype ; Oryza ; genetics ; Plant Diseases ; genetics ; Selection, Genetic

This study was designed to compare the curative effect, prognosis and safety of different preconditioning regimens for patients who received autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) for malignant lymphoma (ML). The clinical data of 100 ML patients (Sep 1992 to Aug 2010 in 307 Hospital) were retrospectively analyzed, and were divided into two groups by different preconditioning regimens: the high-dose chemotherapy preconditioning group and high-dose chemotherapy/radiotherapy preconditioning group. The overall survival (OS) rate, progress free survival (PFS) rate and adverse effect were analyzed. The results showed that until Feb 2011, the median follow-up was 33.5 months. All patients were engrafted and their hematopoiesis was reconstituted. The median time of WBC recovery up to > 1.0×1.0(9)/L in high-dose chemotherapy preconditioning group and high-dose chemotherapy/radiotherapy preconditioning group were (6.0 ± 0.4) d and (8.2 ± 0.4) d, platelet up to > 20.0×1.0(9)/L in two groups were (7.1 ± 0.8) d and (11.4 ± 2.5) d (P < 0.05). The 3-year OS rate of the two groups were 67.3% and 68.9%. 5-year OS rates of two groups were 62.8% and 60.6%, 10-year OS rates of two groups were 57.6% and 56.2% respectively; 3-year PFS of two group were 63.6% and 63.2%, 5-year of two group were 59.4% and 58.3%, 10-year of two group were 50.8% and 55.3% respectively (P > 0.05). Meanwhile, the incidence of fever, infection, bleeding, secondary cancer between two groups was not significant different (P > 0.05). It is concluded that the hematopoietic reconstitution of high-dose chemotherapy/radiotherapy preconditioning group is later than that of high-dose chemotherapy preconditioning group. However, there is no significant difference in curative effect and prognosis between the two groups.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; surgery ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplantation Conditioning ; methods ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDNeuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most common malignant solid tumors of childhood. It is still not clear whether the apoptosis of tumor cells or the non-tumor cells contributes to the increase of concentration of cytochrome c (Cyt c) in the serum of the cancer patients. The aim of this research was to identify the source of the Cyt c in the serum when the tumor grows up by subcutaneous inoculation of human NB cells into nude mice.

METHODSWe subcutaneously inoculated human NB cells (KP-N-NS) into nude mice and collected the sera of tumor-bearing mice (n = 14) and control mice (n = 25) 4 weeks later in order to screen for and identify differentially expressed proteins in the serum. Differentially expressed proteins in the serum were screened by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight (SELDI-TOF) mass spectrometry.

RESULTSThe relative intensity of a protein having a mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) of 11 609 was 3338.37 ± 3410.85 in the tumor group and 59.84 ± 40.74 in the control group, indicating that the expression level of this protein in the tumor group was 55.8 times higher than that in the control group. Serum proteins were separated and purified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was performed to produce peptide mass fingerprints (PMFs). Spectrum analysis and a database search revealed that the highly expressed protein (m/z = 11 605.4) from the serum of tumor-bearing mice was the mouse Cyt c.

CONCLUSIONSIncreased concentration of Cyt c in the serum of tumor-bearing nude mice might be partially attributed to the secretion of this protein by non-tumor cells.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; physiology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cytochromes c ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neuroblastoma ; blood ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Humans ; COVID-19 ; Prone Position ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Patient Positioning

In this study, we established a rapid and sensitive multiplex Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (mrtRT-PCR) to simultaneously detect the novel human influenza A H1N1 virus, human seasonal influenza A H1N1 and H3N2. This assay had three pairs of primer to target the conserved regions of the HA gene for each of the HA types including novel H1N1, seasonal H1N1 and seasonal H3N2, and one pair of primer designed to detect the internal control-RnaseP gene. This assay was performed in one-step in one tube. To validate the specificity of the multiplex Real-time RT-PCR assay, different human influenza virus including human seasonal influenza A H1N1 and H3N2, human influenza B and reference A/California/07/2009 (H1N1) sw1 was tested. To evaluate the sensitivity of the assay, serial dilutions of RNA from in vitro transcription of the novel human influenza A H1N1 HA gene was tested. Finally this assay was evaluated with clinical samples from 54 fever patients diagnosed with novel influenza A H1N1 or seasonal H1/H3 or HB infection either by real-time PCR recommended by the WHO or HI assay by the National Influenza Center. Our results showed that the assay could achieve a sensitivity of 20 RNA copies of novel influenza A H1N1 with high specificity and could detect potential mixed co-infection. In conclusion, this multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay combines both rapidity and sensitivity for not only detecting the novel human influenza A H1N1 virus, but also monitoring the human seasonal influenza A H1N1 and H3N2 simultaneously.
DNA Primers ; genetics ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus ; genetics ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; genetics ; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype ; genetics ; Influenza, Human ; diagnosis ; virology ; Reproducibility of Results ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; instrumentation ; methods ; Seasons ; Sensitivity and Specificity