No abstract available.
Estriol* ; Female ; Humans

The Tian Shan mountain system is one of the large mountain ranges located in Central Asia. This region is globally recognized as mountain ranges, offering inestimable wealth in fauna and flora with significant biodiversity values. We surveyed macrofungal diversity of Tian Shan in Kyrgyzstan from 2016 to 2018. A collection of macrofungi was made, and these were subjected to sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis to ensure the identity of the collected macrofungi. Of those collected, 95 out of 100 specimens were successfully sequenced and compared with those of other related species retrieved from GenBank. The sequenced specimens were classified into 2 phyla, 8 orders, 24 families, 47 genera, and 57 species, based on current taxonomic concepts (combining morphology and phylogeny). To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first well-documented checklist and phylogenetic analysis of macrofungi recovered from the Tian Shan mountains in Kyrgyzstan.

The enterobiliary fistulas are mostly spontaneous and are caused by biliary disease associated with calculi. Review of many series shows that the most common variety of enterobiliary fistulas is a cholecystoduodenal fistula followed by cholecystocolic, cholecystogastric and choledochoduodenal fistula in that order. But very few cases of choledochocolonic fistulae have been reported. We report a case of choledocholithiasis combined with the absence of gallbladder leading to a choledochocolonic fistula, which was confirmed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and abdominal exploration in a 63- year-old male patient with complaint of right upper abdominal pain.
Abdominal Pain ; Calculi ; Cholangiography ; Choledocholithiasis ; Fistula* ; Gallbladder* ; Humans ; Intestinal Fistula ; Male

Papillary cystic neoplasms of the pancreas are uncommon. They occurs almost entirely in young women. Generally, the lesion averages 10 cm 17 size and are usually located in the pancreatic tail, resulting in displacement of the pancreatic duct. A varialbe amount of hemorrhage and liquefaction necrosis occurs, resulting in pseudopapillae cysts. Resection of the tumor is usually associated with a excellent prognosis because of the lack of metastases and rare recurrences. In this report present a case of a papillary cystic neoplasm of the pancreas with a review of references. Unlike most, the neoplasm we discovered was small (about 1.5 x 1.5 cm), and, occured in the pancreatic head of eldcrly woman. Moreover it was communicated by the main pancreatic duct via a side branch.
Female ; Head ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pancreas* ; Pancreatic Ducts* ; Prognosis ; Recurrence

Caroli's disease is defined as a communication between congenital cystic dilatation of the bile duct and the biliary system. Caroli's disease accompanied with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is a very rare finding and the differential diagnosis between Caroli's disease with polycystic kidney disease and a polycystic liver is very important. A 67-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital for hematochezia, and he underwent hemodialysis for chronic renal failure due to his autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. On colonoscopy, ulcero-infiltrative tumor was observed in the sigmoid colon. It was diagnosed as adenocarcinoma on tissue biopsy. On abdominal computerized tomography and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, a number of simple cysts was observed in both kidneys and we were able to identify the communication between the dilated intrahepatic ducts and the intrahepatic cystic lesions, and so we diagnosed this patient as having Caroli's disease.
Adenocarcinoma ; Aged ; Bile Ducts ; Biliary Tract ; Biopsy ; Caroli Disease* ; Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance ; Colon* ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Colonic Neoplasms* ; Colonoscopy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dilatation ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Kidney ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Liver ; Male ; Polycystic Kidney Diseases* ; Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant ; Renal Dialysis