The histopathological observation was made on 48 cases of benign prostatic hypertrophy which had been admitted to the Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University Hospital from January, 1971 to December, 1981. The results were as follows: 1. Histopathologically the fibromyoadenomatous type was 22 cases (45.8%) and the fibroadenomatous type 17 cases (35.4%), the fibromuscular type 9 cases (16.7%), muscular type 1 case (2.1%). There was no special difference between each histopathological type in age distribution. 2. Mean size of removed prostatic tissue was 81.1cm3 in fibroadenomatous type, 71.8cm3 in fibromyoadenomatous type, 25.0cm3 in muscular type, 20.0cm3 in fibromuscular type. The type of which weight was more than 50 gm was fibromyoadenomatous type. 3. Additional lesion such as inflammation, infarction or cancer was notedin I6 cases (31.9%). Inflammatory Change were present in 4 cases of fibromyoadenomatous hyperplasia and in 3 cases of fibroadenomatous hyperplasia. Infarction was seen in 2 cases of fibromyoadenomatous hyperplasia and in 1 case of fibromuscular hyperplasia. Latent cancer was found in 2 cases of fibromyoadenomatous hyperplasia and in 2 cases of fibroadenomatous hyperplasia. Inflammatory changes and latent cancer were present only in adenomatous hyperplasia and infarction in fibromuscular hyperplasia.
Age Distribution ; Hyperplasia ; Infarction ; Inflammation ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Urology

A number of tissues have been studied in the past with respect to their organ-specific antigens. In many instances it has been possible to produce autoantibodies against characteristic components. The testis, epididymis, and seminal plasma have been largely explored from this angle. Interest in the field of accessory glands began many years ago, when the first cross-reactions between extracts of prostate, seminal vesicles and seminal plasma were demonstrated. As a consequence, the possibility that some seminal plasma antigens might be present in the accessory glands before being secreted into the genital tract opened up a new approach to possible autoimmunologic damage of these glands and of seminal spermatozoa as well. The purpose of this study is made to observe the effect of homologous epididymal extracts on the spermatogenesis in mouse. Isoimmunization with extracts of mouse epididymis, administered with complete Freund`s adjuvant, has been performed in this study.The results were as follows: 1. The histological observations revealed that spermatogenesis was adversely affected by the immunization with homologous epididymal extract added with an equal amount of complete Freund's adjuvant for 6 weeks. It was observed that spermatogenesis was remarkably impaired in the experimental group whereas it was unaffected in the control group of male mouse. The results further indicated that the degeneration and exfoliation were found in the germinal cell of seminiferous tubules and in the epithelium of the epididymal ducts besides intercanalicular infiltration of m0nonuclear round cells. 2. The cross-reactions between extracts of epididymis and testicular tissues were demonstrated in mouse. 3. The immunological examination such as immune diffusion test and sperm agglutination test showed negative reaction on all of the experimental animals in this study. Therefore. the immunological change in this experiments seems to be caused by cell mediated immunity.
Animals ; Autoantibodies ; Diffusion ; Epididymis ; Epithelium ; Freund's Adjuvant ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunization ; Male ; Mice* ; Prostate ; Semen ; Seminal Vesicles ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Sperm Agglutination ; Spermatogenesis* ; Spermatozoa ; Testis

The posterior surgical approach allows certain operations on the upper urinary tract to be performed more rapidly, with optimum exposure and with diminished morbidity. In particular, the lumbotomy incision was excellent for open renal biopsy, simple nephrectomy for benign disease, pyelolithotomy, nephropexy, pyeloplasty and upper third ureterolithotomy. Twenty four patients underwent pyelolithotomy or upper ureterolithotomy through the dorsovertical lumbotomy approach, and the intraoperative and postoperative course were compared to the patients operated upon using the standard flank incision. Our analysis established the superiority of the dorsovertical lumbotomy incision for all factors evaluated, especially postoperative analgesic use and ambulation, hospital stay.
Biopsy ; Calculi* ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Nephrectomy ; Urinary Calculi ; Urinary Tract* ; Walking

This report describes five cases of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) rhinorrhea which were caused by head injury in four cases and developed after surgical removal of brain tumor in one case. Intrathecally-enhanced brain computerized tomography(CT) with metrizamide, in addition to isotope cisternography, was helpful in localization of the CSF leakage site. All five cases which could not be managed conservatively were successfully repaired by surgical means using biological fibrin glue.
Brain ; Brain Neoplasms ; Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea* ; Cerebrospinal Fluid* ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Fibrin Tissue Adhesive ; Metrizamide

The prognosis of severe head injured patients (Glasgow coma scale 3 to 8) was assessed through clinical prognostic factors in 209 cases, retrospectively. Severe head injured patients were 9.1% of all head trauma and 55% of cases were diffuse brain injury. Mechanism of injury were motorvehicle accident, falls, bicycle, and others. The patients with normal pupillary reaction had a significantly higher percentage of good outcome (77%) than the patient with bilateral 3rd nerve palsy (14.2%)(p<0.0001), 79% of good motor responsive patients had a good outcome compared to none of patients with poor motor response(p<0.0001). The patients with short duration of unawareness(within 30days) significantly higher percentage of good outcome(98%) than the patients with long duration of unawaereness(24%)(p<0.0001). The patients with initial high GCS score(6-8 score) had a significantly higher good outcome(58%) than the patients with low GCS score(3-5 score)(p<0.0001), 87% of pediatric patients had a good outcome compared to 38% of adults(p<0.0001). The diffuse head injured patients without basal cistern compression had a significantly hgher percentage of good outcome(83%) than the patients with basal cistern compression(41%)(p<0.0001), 62% of patients with skull fracture had a good outcome compared to 39% of patients without skull fracture(39%)(p<0.0017). Individual prognostic factors affect to patient's outcome and utilize to be powerful tool for assessing the relative efficacy of alternative treatments as well as patient's prognosis.
Brain Injuries ; Coma ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Head* ; Humans ; Paralysis ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Skull ; Skull Fractures

No abstract available.
DNA* ; Kinetics* ; Nervous System Neoplasms* ; Nervous System*

The case of an 33-year-old man with an intradural and extramedullary enterogenous cyst in the thoracic spinal canal is presented. Enterogenous cysts are rare cystic tumors located in the spinal canal and causing spinal compression, and about half of the cases of enterogenous cysts are associated with congenital anomalies. This patient, however, had no vertebral anomaly or other evidence of congenital melformation. We reviewed literatures and recorded the distinguished features of intraspinal enterogenous cysts and discuss the clinical, radiological and histological findings.
Adult ; Humans ; Spinal Canal*

No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

PURPOSE: To determine the normal reference range of pulsatile ocular blood flow (POBF) values in healthy Korean subjects and to find out the factors that may affect them. METHODS: A total of 280 eyes of 280 normal subjects were included in this study. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), axial length, POBF, systemic blood pressure, and pulse rate were measured. The mean, standard deviation, range, and the 5th and 95th percentiles of POBF were calculated, and the influences of various parameters to POBF were determined by multiple regression analyses. RESULTS: The mean POBF value was 766.0+/-221.6 microliter/min in men and 1021.1+/-249.5 microliter/min in women. The 5th and 95th percentiles for POBF values were 486.0 microliter/min and 1140.0 microliter/min in men and 672.0 microliter/min and 1458.0 microliter/min in women. The POBF values were significantly influenced by gender, mean blood pressure, pulse rate, and axial length. CONCLUSIONS: Even though the POBF values were influenced by gender, BP, and axial length, we could define the normal reference range of POBF in healthy Koreans.
Adult ; *Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Blood Pressure/physiology ; Eye/*blood supply ; Female ; Heart Rate/physiology ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure/physiology ; Korea ; Male ; Pulsatile Flow/*physiology ; Reference Values ; Tonometry, Ocular/methods

PURPOSE: The prognosis of advanced gastric cancer is still dismal despite of aggressive surgical treatment. Many investigational approaches such as the use of adjuvant chemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy have been widely attempted for highly advanced gastric cancer. There are, however, few studies about the use of these types of treatment in Korea. METHODS: Between 2001 and 2004, 38 patients with highly advanced gastric cancer underwent preoperative chemotherapy using the DXP (Docetaxel, Xeloda, and Cisplatin) regimen before surgery. An retrospective analysis including clinicopathological features, recurrence, and survival was performed using patient medical records. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients had locally advanced gastric cancer without a distant metastasis, and 13 patients had a distant metastasis or peritoneal metastasis. Patients received the chemotherapy regimen an average of 4.2 times. A partial response and stable disease were found in 28 (73.7%) and 10 (26.3%) patients, respectively, according to the RECIST criteria. Twenty- one (84%) of 25 patients without a distant metastasis had a curative resection compared to 6 (46.2%) of 13 patients with a distant metastasis (P=0.024). Four patients (10.5%) had complications with 1 postoperative death. The overall 5 year survival rate was 34% and the median survival duration was 22 months (49%, 34 months for the locally advanced group vs. 0%, 10 months for the distant metastasis group; P<0.001). The only predictor of prognosis of patients as determined by multivariate analysis was the pathological TNM stage. CONCLUSION: Preoperative chemotherapy can be safely performed without increased postoperative morbidity and mortality. To define the actual benefits for patient survival after pre-operative chemotherapy, a large scale randomized prospective control study should be performed.
Capecitabine ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Drug Therapy* ; Humans ; Korea ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Survival Rate